为您找到与高中英语名词性从句例句相关的共201个结果:
语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。下面是小编为大家归纳整理的六大词性、八种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握三种基本从句。希望对广大中学生们有所帮助。
1. 一般现在时
概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。
常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。
如:1) I go to school every day . 我每天都去学校。(表经常)
2) He is always like that . 他总是那样。 (表状态)
构成: 1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词/三单动词 + …
2.一般过去时
概念: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.
常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.
如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.
2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.
如: He always went to work by bike last week.
构成: 1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +
3. 现在进行时
概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作.
如: He is singing.
They are watching TV now.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.
4. 过去进行时
概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示.
如: 1) ---What were you doing?
---I was jumping.
2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?
---He was sleeping.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.
5. 一般将来时
概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.
如: He will go shopping tomorrow.
They are going to play basketball next week.
构成: 1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +…
2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ….
6. 过去将来时
概念: 表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.
构成: 1) 主语(第一人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +…
2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ….
3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原…
用法: 过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态.
如: 1) I should go.
2) You knew I would come.
3) They were going to Naning.
7. 现在完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 ( have / has ) + 动词过去分词 +…
用法 例句
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. ---Have you had your lunch yet?
---Yes, I have. (现在我不饿了)
8. 过去完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +…
用法 例句
表示过去在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示的动作发生的时间是”过去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示.
I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.
三. 三 种 基 本 从句
从句的共同特点
从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子,充当什么成分就叫什么从句,如:充当宾语就叫宾语从句,充当定语成分就叫定语从句。
从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点:从句是句子。
从句的共同特点:1.从句都有自己的连接词 2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前,谓语在后,如:He is a teacher主语 He 在谓语is之前,因此是陈述语序,而Is he a teacher? 主语 He 在谓语is之后,因此不是陈述语序。)
1. 宾语从句
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子,如:He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
宾语从句的特点:
①宾语从句有自己的连接词
②宾语从句用陈述语序
③宾语从句的时态
(1)宾语从句的连接词:宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。
(2)宾语从句的语序:
A. 宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),如:I want to know if he can come tomorrow
B. 当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时,后面直接加谓语动词,如:She asked me who had helped him.
(3)宾语从句的时态,只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任,主过则从过,客观真理一般现”
A. 主现则从任:主句如果是一般现在时,则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种,如:1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)
B. 主过则从过:主句如果是一般过去时,则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种,带“过”字的时态分别是如:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。
如:He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C. 客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
如:1.He says the moon goes around the earth.
2. 状语从句
(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
时间状语的连接词:when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…
才) by the time(到…为止)依旧是连接词后加陈述语序。
举例:when当…的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。)
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
(2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。
连接词:由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导。
举例:I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
(3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)
举例:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
(4)目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。
结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子
目的状语从句连接词so that, so…that , in order that 引导。
结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引导。
举例:so…that 如此…以至于
The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.
(5)让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子
连接词: though, although.,whether…or not
举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
3.no matter从句
结构:"no matter +特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序" 或"特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序"
如:No matter what happened, he would not mind.
注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
3. 定语从句
定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分。
如:I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后
如:I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.
定语从句的连接词:
连接代词:who、which、whom、whose、that
连接副词:when、where、why
语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。下面是小编给大家带来的初中英语语法:6大词性、8大时态和3大从句,希望能够帮助到大家!
一. 词 法
1. 名词
(1)名词的可数与不可数
可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。
(2)名词复数的规则变化
A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es
C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es
D.以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es
(3)名词的所有格
A. 单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。
如:the worker's bike,the Children’ s ball
B. 表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后’ s。
如:This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.
These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.
C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。
如:the students’ books,the girls’ blouses
(另外:名词+of+名词名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。)
2. 代词
人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词
(1)人称代词
第一人称单数
I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称
单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称
单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
(2)物主代词
物主代词的用法:形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词;
名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
(3)反身代词
反身代词的构成分两种:第一、二人称反身代词在形容词性物主代词后加上self或selves,第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.
反身代词的用法:一种是作宾语,由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。如:I enjoyed myself at the party. 另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。如:I can do it myself.
(4)指示代词
指示代词的特殊用法:
(1)为了避免重复,可用that,those代替前面提到过的名词,但是this,these不可以。
(2)this,that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。
(5)不定代词
one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,much等
3. 冠词
(1)不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前,其余用不定冠词a.
(2)定冠词的基本用法
A. 用在重新提到的人或事物前面。
B. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物前面。
C. 用在单数可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物。
(3)定冠词的特殊用法
A. 用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位名词前。
B. 用在序数词、形容词的最高级及only所修饰的名词前。
C. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面。
D. 用在由普通名词和另外一些词所构成的专有名词前面。
E. 用在姓氏的复数形式前面,表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。
F. 用在乐器名称前。
G. 和某些形容词连用,表示某一类人或事物。
(4)名词前不用冠词的情况
A. 在专有名词 (包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节) 、物质名词和抽象名词前—般不用冠词。但在以Festival组成的民间节日前要加the。
B. 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前。
C. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词。
D. 三餐饭、球类、棋类、游戏名称前一般不用冠词。正在有些词组中,有无冠词含义不同。
(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌边
go to school去上学;go to the school去那所学校;in hospital住院;in the hospital在那个医院里
4. 数词
(1)数字的表示
三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。
1,000以上的数字,从后向前第三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion。
(2)序数词除了first,second,third外,其余都在基数词尾加-th构成。
(3)分数分子在前,分母在后,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1小时,分母序数词要变成复数。
(4)hundreds(thousands,millions)of……
5. 形容词、副词
(1)形容词的位置
A. 形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面,但当形容词修饰不定代词something,nothing,anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。如:something important,nothing serious。
B. 当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时,定语或表语要后置。如:
We have dug a hole two meters deep.
The hole is about two metres deep.
(2)形容词的比较等级
单音节词和少数双音节词,在词尾加—(e)r,—(e)st来构成比较级和最高级。其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级。如:
popular———more popular———most popular
important—more important—most important
(3)副词的比较等级
单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。绝大多数副词借助more,most来构成比较级和最高级。
(4)少数形容词和副词比较级/最高级的不规则变化:
原级 比较级 最高级
well —— better —— best
badly —— worse —— worst
much —— more —— most
little —— less —— least
far —— farther —— farthest
farthest furthest
late —— later —— latest
(5)副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the。
6. 介词
(1)表示时间的介词及介词短语
in, at, on, before,after,till,since,for, fromto, until, by,in the middle of,at the beginning of, at the end of,at half past five,at night,in a week,in the morning,in class,at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter,on Sunday,on Saturday afternoon,on a winter evening,for a long time,for two months,after school,since liberation,before lunch,at the time of,at the age of
(2)表示地点的介词及介词短语
in,at,into,to,on,beside,before,behind,above,under,outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across, off, down, among, past,between,out of,around,in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of,at the foot of,at home,at the gate,at the table,in the sky, on the ground,in a tree, in the south,in the sun,in the bed,on one’s way home,by the side of
二. 八 种 基 本 时 态
1. 一般现在时
概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。
常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表时间的状语连用。
如:1) I go to school every day . 我每天都去学校。(表经常)
2) He is always like that . 他总是那样。(表状态)
构成:1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词/三单动词 + …
2.一般过去时
概念: 1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.
常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.
如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.
2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.
如: He always went to work by bike last week.
构成: 1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +
3. 现在进行时
概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作.
如: He is singing.
They are watching TV now.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.
4. 过去进行时
概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作. 这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示.
如: 1) ---What were you doing?
---I was jumping.
2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?
---He was sleeping.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.
5. 一般将来时
概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.
如: He will go shopping tomorrow.
They are going to play basketball next week.
构成: 1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +…
2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ….
6. 过去将来时
概念: 表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.
构成: 1) 主语(第一人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +…
2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ….
3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原…
用法: 过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态.
如: 1) I should go.
2) You knew I would come.
3) They were going to Naning.
7. 现在完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 ( have / has ) + 动词过去分词 +…
用法 例句
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. ---Have you had your lunch yet?
---Yes, I have. (现在我不饿了)
8. 过去完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +…
用法 例句
表示过去在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作.它表示的动作发生的时间是”过去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示.
I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.
三. 三 种 基 本 从句
从句的共同特点
从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子,充当什么成分就叫什么从句,如:充当宾语就叫宾语从句,充当定语成分就叫定语从句。
从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点:从句是句子。
从句的共同特点:1.从句都有自己的连接词 2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前,谓语在后,如:He is a teacher主语 He 在谓语is之前,因此是陈述语序,而Is he a teacher? 主语 He 在谓语is之后,因此不是陈述语序。)
1. 宾语从句
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子,如:He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
宾语从句的特点:
①宾语从句有自己的连接词
②宾语从句用陈述语序
③宾语从句的时态
(1)宾语从句的连接词:宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。
(2)宾语从句的语序:
A. 宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),如:I want to know if he can come tomorrow
B. 当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时,后面直接加谓语动词,如:She asked me who had helped him.
(3)宾语从句的时态,只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任,主过则从过,客观真理一般现”
A. 主现则从任:主句如果是一般现在时,则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种,如:1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)
B. 主过则从过:主句如果是一般过去时,则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种,带“过”字的时态分别是如:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。
如:He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C. 客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
如:1.He says the moon goes around the earth.
2. 状语从句
(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
时间状语的连接词:when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…
才) by the time(到…为止)依旧是连接词后加陈述语序。
举例:when当…的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。)
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
(2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。
连接词:由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导。
举例:I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
(3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)
举例:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
(4)目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。
结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子
目的状语从句连接词so that, so…that , in order that 引导。
结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引导。
举例:so…that 如此…以至于
The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.
(5)让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子
连接词:though, although.,whether…or not
举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
3.no matter从句
结构:"no matter +特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序" 或"特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序"
如:No matter what happened, he would not mind.
注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
3. 定语从句
定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分。
如:I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后
如:I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.
定语从句的连接词:
连接代词:who、which、whom、whose、that
连接副词:when、where、why
学习的都是基础,那些对英语不敢兴趣的人可能也没有学到什么,英语对于大部分来说都是一个难题,下面给大家分享一些关于高一英语语法名词性从句,希望对大家有所帮助。
特殊疑问词引导的从句
1、主语从句:特殊疑问词引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。
2、宾语从句
(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,show,discuss,understand,inform,advise等。
(2)作介词宾语。
3、同位语从句、表语从句
高考英语书面表达在一些地区卷中比较注重关注热点,今年应该说环保(雾霾低碳生活等仍然是关注的一个热点),下面总结基本表达方式,举一些书面表达环保类例子,仅供考生参考,欢迎大家阅读!
因为状语的位置比较灵活,状语从句也一样,可在主句之前,也可在主句之后,按照功能的不同,状语从句包括:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等多种。如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料,快来学习学习吧!
be concerned in 与……有关
be disappointed in 对(某人)感到失望
be engaged in 从事于,忙于
be experienced in 在……方面有经验
be expert in 在……方面是行家
be fortunate in 在……方面幸运
be honest in 在……方面诚实
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be lack in 缺乏
be rich in 富于,在……方面富有
be skilful in 擅长于
be successful in 在……方面成功
be weak in 在……方面不行
18个常用“be+形容词+of”结构
be afraid of 害怕
be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧
be aware of 意识到,知道
be capable of 能够
be careful of 小心,留心
be certain of 确定,对……有把握
be fond of 喜欢
be free of 没有,摆脱
be full of 充满
be glad of 为……而高兴
be nervous of 害怕
be proud of 为……自豪
be short of 缺乏
be shy of 不好意思
be sick of 对……厌倦
be sure of 肯定,有把握
be tired of 对……厌烦
be worthy of 只得,配得上
名词性从句,不难理解,通俗点说就是一个句子(从句)在另一个句子(主句)中做主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,相当于名词的用法。如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料,快来学习学习吧!
be angry with 对(某人)生气
be bored with 对……厌烦
be busy with 忙于
be careful with 小心
be concerned with 关于,与……有关
be content with 以……为满足
be delighted with 对……感到高兴
be disappointed with 对(某人)失望
be familiar with 熟悉,精通
be honest with 对(某人)真诚
be ill with 患……病
be patient with 对(某人)有耐心
be pleased with 对……满意(高兴)
be popular with 受……欢迎
be satisfied with 对……满意
be strict with 对(某人)严格
名词性从句指充当名词成分的从句,下分很多类型,是英语学习的重点,具体都有哪些知识点呢?小编整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。
2、在宾语从句中:
(1)及物动词后:whether从句中不能有否定式,宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用,但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。
(2)介词后:只能用whether,不用if。
英语时态是我们常用且会学习到的一个知识点,那么多余多样的英语时态,我们该如何高效的学习呢,下面就是小编给大家带来的高考16中英语时态的总结,希望能帮助到大家!
1
一般现在时
(do/does; is/am/are)
①表示现在的情况、状态或特征。
例:He is a student.
他是一个学生。
② 表示经常性、习惯性动作。
例:He always helps others.
他总是帮助别人。
③ 客观事实和普遍真理。
例:The earth moves the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
④ 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词,可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。
常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.
下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
⑤ 在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将的来事情。(即:主将从现原则)
例:I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.
我一到机场就会给你打电话。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.
等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。
2
现在进行时
(am/is/are doing)
①表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。
例:He is listning to the music now.
他现在正在听音乐。
② 表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情,但不一定此时此刻正在做。
例:I am studying computer this term.
这个学期我一直在学习计算机。
③ 现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。
a. 瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。
例: I am leaving.
我要离开了。
b. 持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。
例: I am travelling next month.
下个月我要去旅行。
④ 现在进行时与频度副词连用,表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。
例: He is always helping others.
他总是帮助别人。(褒义)
3
现在完成时
(have/has done)
① 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成,强调对现在产生的影响。
例:I bought a new house, but I haven't sold my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.
我买了一所新房子,但是还没有卖掉旧的,所以现在我又两所房子。
② 表示从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在的动作或情况,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。
时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点,或for加一段时间,或by加一个现在时间。
例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物,但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战,并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。
4
现在完成进行时
(have/has been doing)
表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间,延续或重复地出现至今,或将继续延续至将来。
例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.
到目前为止,我们一直在处理那个项目,已经花了一个多月时间了。
5
一般过去时
(did; was/were)
① 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
例:I bought some fruits yesterday.
我昨天买了一些水果。
② 表示过去习惯性动作。
例:When I was a boy,I often swam in that river.
would/used to do:表示过去常常......
例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.
老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。
He used to visit his mother once a week.
他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。
6
过去完成时
(had done)
表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的"过去的过去"。
Until then, his family hadn't heard from him for six months.
到那时为止,他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。
7
过去将来时
(would do)
表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。
例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.
我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。
8
过去进行时
(was/ were doing)
① 表示在过去具体的时间正在发生的动作。
例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.
10分钟前,玛丽正在听轻音乐。
② 表示过去某个时间段内一直在发生的事情。
例:I was travelling in London last summer vacation.
去年暑假我在伦敦旅行。
③ 过去进行时可以表示过去将来的含义。
a. 瞬时动词的过去进行时一定表示过去将来的含义。
例:Then she said she was leaving.
然后她说她要离开了。
b. 持续动词的过去进行时只有在有过去将来的时间状语或过去将来的语境下才能表示过去将来。
例:She said that she was travelling the next day.
她说她第二天要去旅行。
④ 过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。
9
一般将来时(will do)
(1)will do
① 表示主语主观意愿的将来。
例:I will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.
我将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品,作为给她的生日礼物。
② 表示客观将来。
例:Fish will die without water.
离开水,鱼会死。
③ 表示临时决定。
例:——Mary has been ill for a week.
——Oh,I didn't know. I will go and see her.
(2)am/is/are going to do
① 表示计划、打算做某事。
例:This is just what I am going to say.
这正是我想说的。
② 表示根据某种迹象看,很可能或即将发生的事情,表推测。
例:Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It's going to rain.
看天上的乌云,要下雨了。
(3)am/is/are about to do
表示“即将、正要”时,可用。强调近期内或马上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.
别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。
(4)be to do
① 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.
星期一你准会在实验室见到她。
② 该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一种命令、规劝性语气。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.
孩子们,你们必须 上床睡觉,不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。
10
将来进行时
(will be doing)
表示在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.
别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。
11
将来完成时
(will have done)
表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态,或是在某个将来时间完成,但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。
例:The conference will have lasted a full week by the time it ends.
会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。
12
将来完成进行时
(will have been doing)
表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间,是否继续下去,应视上下文而定。
例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.
到下个月底为止,这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。
13
过去完成进行时(had been doing)
表示某一动作一直延续到过去某一时间,是否继续下去,应视上下文而定。
例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.
我回到家之前,我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。
14
过去将来进行时
( would be doing )
表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时间或时间段正在进行的动作,主要用于从句中。
例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.
政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。
15
过去将来完成时
(would have done)
表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时间之前所完成的动作。常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去事实相反。
例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.
我坚信到那年年底为止,那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。
16
过去将来完成进行时
(would have been doing)
表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻之前一直在进行的动作,是否继续下去,应视上下文而定。
例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.
他们说到第二个月底为止,这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。下面就是小编给大家带来的名词性从句英语语法知识点汇总,希望大家喜欢!
1)yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和wh-从句的功能相同, 例如:
主语:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
宾语:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语:The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2)选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whethe…or not构成,例如:
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
高考即将来临,你的英语复习得怎么样了?英语学习不能盲目,要讲究技巧,下面就是小编给大家带来的高考英语名词性从句练习,希望大家喜欢!
1.Dad is used to smoking and drinking.There's no chance ________ I'm able totalk him into ________.
A.whether;giving it up
B.of whether;giving them up
C.that;getting rid of them
D.which;stopping it
答案C[由smoking and drinking可知,A、D中的代词错误。B项翻译不通。注:that引导的是一个同位语从句。]
2.Keep in mind ________ you want others to respect you,you must respectothers first.(2011·湖北鄂州市高三上学期模底考试)
A.that when B.that if
C.if when D.when if
答案B[that引导一个宾语从句,宾语从句中又有一个if引导的条件状语从句。]
3.Shenzhen was only a small fishing village compared to ________ it isnow.
A.which B.that C.what D.where
答案C[to后是宾语从句,is后缺表语,故用what。]
4.Think about ________ you are good at and ________ you enjoy and build onthose abilities.
A.what;that B.what;which
C.that;that D.what;what
答案D[thinkabout后跟两个宾语从句,at后缺宾语,第一空需填what,enjoy和build缺宾语,第二空也需填what。所以选D。]
5.________ seems strange to us is ________ the troublesome boy is gettingalong well with all his teachers.
A.It;that B.That;how
C.It;how D.What;that
答案D[第一空是主语从句,从句缺主语用what,第二空是表语从句,从句的成分完整用that。]
6.________ words I use can not express my appreciation of your timelyhelp.
A.Whatever .How many
C.No matter what D.Whichever
答案A[no matter what一般不引导名词性从句,这是一个主语从句,所以排除C。B、D语义不通,可排除。]
7.Human beings are different from animals ________ they can use language as atool to communicate.
A.in that B.for that
C.in which D.for which
答案A[in that是“在……这一点上”的意思,引导状语从句。]
8.________ climber gets to the top first will get a ¥5,000 prize.
A.No matter when B.Whichever
C.No matter which D.Whenever
答案B[A、C项不引导名词性从句,又因为主语从句中缺少主语,故选B。]
9.Along with the letter was her promise ________ she would join us in thework.(重庆酉阳一中高三第四次月考)
A.which B.what C.that D.whether
答案C[promise后是一个同位语从句,且从句不缺成分故用that。D项翻译不正确。]
10.Many of the creatures in Rowling's world are not real,and much of ________happens is strange.
A.which B.that C.what D.it
答案C[of后的________ happens是一个宾语从句,从句缺主语,故选what。]
11.________ some teenagers don't realize is ________ difficult life can beafter they get addicted to drugs.
A.What;how B.That;how
C.That;what D.What;what a
答案A[第一空:主语从句缺宾语用what。第二空:是表语从句,正常语序为:life can be ________ difficult afterthey get addicted to drugs,就很容易填上副词how了。故选A。]
12.They began to think about ________ could be made of these valuablematerials.(浙江温州中学高三1月月考)
A.how use B.full use
C.better D.what use
答案D[短语make use of(利用)中的use是名词可用形容词what来修饰。how是副词,不可修饰名词。]
13.There was a big argument among the children about ________ move to a newhouse.
A.if they should B.that they ought
C.if should they D.whether they should
答案D[连词that和if都不能直接放在介词之后,可排除A、B、C。]
14.________ sometimes keeps her awake at night ________ Tom is getting moreand more quiet at home.
A.That;which B.It;that
C.Whether;what D.What;that
答案B[it作形式主语,that引导从句作真正主语,如选D项句子缺谓语。]
15.—I rang you at about nine,but there was no reply.
—Oh,that was probably ________ I was seeing the doctor.(天津一中高三上学期第五次月考)
A.why B.when C.what D.that
答案B[根据语境该选B,when引导表语从句,同时又在从句中作时间状语。]
16.His mother did ________ she could ________ the boy.
A.what;help B.that;help
C.what;to help D.that;to help
答案C[第一空:是宾语从句,could后省了do,what作这个do的宾语。第二空:不定式表目的。故选C。]
17.It isn't expected ________ he said caused so much discussion at themeeting.
(浙江温州市高三第一次适用性测试)
A.that B.what that
C.what D.that what
答案D[D项中that引导主语从句,what hesaid又在主语从句中作主语,what作said的宾语。that引导主语从句时一般不省,所以排除C。]
18.Some language experts think we learn languages in the same way ________ welearn other things,and ________ we are born with is a general ability to learnand adapt.
A.不填;that what B.which;what
C.that;what that D.in which;that
答案A[第一空:这是定语从句,先行词是way,从句中缺状语,可用关系词that/inwhich(可省)。第二空:由that引导宾语从句,what又在宾语从句中引导主语从句,同时充当with的宾语。故选A。]
19.It was the first time Agassi had understood ________ real championsfinally understand:winning is a test of nerves and not just power.
A.that B.what C.how D.when
答案B[这是一个宾语从句,understand后缺宾语,故用what。]
20.Thinking that you know ________ in fact you don't know is a seriousmistake.(吉林长春市高三第一次模拟)
A.what B.that C.when D.however
答案A[把这句话写完整应该是:Thinking that you know what in fact you don't know is aserious mistake.句意:认为你知道了事实上不知道的东西,那是一个严重的错误。]
21.We will all appreciate ________ you can come to join us in developing ourhometown.
A.that if B.it if
C.it that D.that when
答案B[appreciate跟it作形式宾语,if you can come to join...可视为真正的宾语。]
22.Much to the couple's comfort,their income is now double ________ it wasfive years ago.
A.that B.than C.which D.what
答案D[这是一个由what引导的表语从句,what同时又在从句中充当表语。]
23.In peace,too,the Red Cross is expected to send help to ________ there ishuman suffering.(江西九校联考一模)
A.whoever B.wherever
C.however D.whatever
答案B[wherever引导宾语从句,同时又在从句中作地点状语。]
24.It was in time of danger ________ he made the final decision ________ theyshould send more doctors there.
A.where;that B.when;which
C.where;what D.that;that
答案D[第一空是强调句型,第二空that引导同位语从句。]
25.The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavystorm is coming.
A.what;不填 B.that;that
C.不填;that D.that;which
答案B[第一空:是定语从句,从句缺主语,可用that或which,作主语的关系代词一般不省,可排除A、C。第二空:是同位语从句,从句不缺成分,故选B。]
26.If you leave this application form and go to another website,you will lose________ you have already filled out on this form.(福建泉州市高中毕业班临考质量检查)
A.whatever B.no matter what
C.whichever D.no matter which
答案A[这是宾语从句,filled out缺少宾语,所以填whatever。C、D语义不对;B项一般不引导名词性从句。]
27.Do you have any idea ________ electricity plays such an important part inour daily life?
A.why is it that B.how it is that
C.why was it D.when it was that
答案B[这是同位语从句,从句的主谓一般是不倒装的,即可排除A、C。D项的时态不正确。]
28.—Does it matter much ________ the sales manager won't attend the meetingtomorrow?
—I've no idea.(江苏六合高级中学高三下学期调研考试)
A.whether B.what C.when D.that
答案D[it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,whether翻译不通。]
29.As days go on,I think that Beijing will become ________ the whole worldpay close attention to.
A.where B.what C.which D.that
答案B[what引导宾语从句,在从句中作pay attention to的宾语。]
30.________ David says sounds right to Helen.That's why she has made up hermind to leave him ________ happens.
A.Whatever;whatever
B.No matter what;whatever
C.No matter what;no matter what
D.Whatever;however
答案A[第一空:是主语从句,由于no matterwhat不引导名词性从句,所以排除B、C。第二空:是宾语从句,从句缺主语,即可排除D。故选A。句意:戴维说的每句话,海伦都觉得有道理,所以,她决定把一切都交给他来处理。]
定于从句是我们学习应该的重点考点之一,每一个句型在英语学习中都有这不可或缺的地位,下面就是小编给大家带来的高中英语语法:定语从句的学习方法,希望能帮助到大家!
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词,不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,是学生需要掌握的知识点,下面百文网的小编将为大家带来高中英语的名词性从句的知识点介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。
It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。
例如:
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。
(1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it is +不及物动词+从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it +过去分词+从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况。
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)
That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。
例如:
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)
Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别。
What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。
例如:
1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语。
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)
例如:
I heard that be joined the army.
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句
例如:
1) She did not know what had happened.
2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句
例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
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学生想要考好英语,需要学会分析历届的考题,检验自己的知识点掌握的程度和知道高考的考点,下面百文网的小编将为大家带来高中英语的名词性从句的考题分析介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
1.[2015·陕西高考] more learned a man is, more modest he usually becomes.
答案:The; the考查冠词用法,在该题中分析句式结构可以看出,此处为“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构,故两空均填the。
2.[2015·重庆高考]I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.
答案:the; a第一空,句中where引导的定语从句修饰bank,由此可知这里特指Dora工作的银行,故用定冠词;第二空,泛指“一个持枪歹徒”,因此用不定冠词。
3.[2015·四川高考]Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.
答案:a根据结构可知此处填冠词,表示“一类人”“一个类似于贝多芬的人”,故填不定冠词。
4.[2015·浙江高考]Jane's grandmother had wanted to write children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.
答案:a; the根据空格位置可知考查冠词。第一空,book是可数名词,此处表泛指,用不定冠词a;第二空,in the way是固定词组“挡路,妨碍”。
5.[2014·天津高考]Life is like ocean: only the strongwilled can reach the other shore.
答案:anocean为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,故用不定冠词,ocean以元音音素开头,故答案是an。
6.[2014·重庆高考]I can't tell you way to the Wilson's because we don't have Wilson here in the village.
答案:the; a第一空表示去某人家的路为特指,故用the;第二空表示一个叫Wilson的人,表示泛指概念,故用不定冠词a。
7.[2014·浙江高考]The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days week, often long into night.
答案:a; the第一空填a相当于every/one;第二空为固定搭配long into the night。
8.[2014·陕西高考] village where I was born has grown into town.
答案:The; a由village后面的定语从句“where I was born”可知,第一空为特指,故用the;而第二空泛指一个城镇,故用不定冠词a。
9.[2014·江西高考]They chose Tom to be captain of the team because they knew he was smart leader.
答案:the; a第一空后的名词“captain”为特指,指这个队的队长,故与the连用;第二空后面的名词leader为泛指“一个……的领导”,故填a。
10.[2014·课标全国卷]He missed gold in the high jump, but will get second chance in the long jump.
答案:the; agold当金牌讲时,在本句中为“跳高中的金牌”,故用定冠词;第二空考查序数词只表示“又一,再一”之意,故用不定冠词。
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2014·课标全国卷]Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn't changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).
Step 1:通读全文,掌握主旨大意。
本文讲述的是通过一个城市清理工业污染的例子,说明这样一个道理:只要我们坚持不懈,我们都可以做成那些看似不可能的事情。
Step 2:逐题解答,确定答案。
61.was。根据结构可知填谓语,即恰当的时态。
62.actually。根据空格位置可知,此处修饰caught。
63.the。根据空后面的most outstanding为最高级,可知答案。
64.or。本句为否定句,且前后两部分为并列结构,可知答案。
65.to reduce。根据前面的took可推断,此处填非谓语,另外考查固定结构。
66.cleaner。下文中的than ever为关键信息。
67.that/which。根据“have”和“is driving”可知,此处填连词,另名词后的从句为定语从句,且从句中没有主语。
68.amazing。本题在名词之前,应用adj.作定语。
69.changes。定冠词the后应为名词,且谓语是are及require可知答案。
70.patient。be动词之后应该为形容词。
Step 3:代入答案。
需考虑语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑,语法结合语义才能确保万无一失。
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在高中的学习中,学生会学习到很多的知识点,下面百文网的小编将为大家带来关于名词性从句的知识点的介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连词可分为三类:
①that(不充当从句的任何成分,无词义。只起连接作用,因此往往可以省略。)
whether, if(不充当从句的任何成分,均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。)
as if,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)
②what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which
③when, where, how, why
Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.谁擦的黑板还不知道。
What he said is not true.他说的不是实话
That he’ll come to see us is really great.他来看我们真是太好啦。
I don’t know why he is absent.我不知道为什么他不在。
The question is whether he will join us next time.问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
1.主语从句
①由从属连词引导的主语从句:
Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.
那个国家是否应该建立核电站……
That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直线传播
②由连接代词引导的主语从句:
What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是……
Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.无论你选哪本书……
Whoever comes will be welcome.无论谁来……
③由连接副词引导的主语从句:
When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.飞机什么时候起飞……
Where he has been is still a puzzle.他到过哪儿……
How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少……
④关于形式主语 it
▲It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明显……
It is likely that….很可能
▲It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that…人们相信……
It is known to all that…众所周知……
(注意该句型的变式:It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.=As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.=What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.)
It has been decided that…已决定……
▲It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that…事实是……
可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。
▲It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.
2.表语从句
可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem等等。
The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.
……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病
The question remains whether we can win the game…..我们是否能赢得这次比赛
That’s just what I want. ……我想要的
This is where our problem lies. ……我们的问题所在
The difficulty is how we can help smokers kick their habit……我们如何帮助吸烟的人……
注意:
①表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词,连接代词和连接副词引导以外,还可以由as, as if,as though引导
Things were not as they seemed.
It looks as though it is going to rain.好象要下雨了。
②另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构:The reason why…is that … (而不用 because)
It ( This, That ) is because…
The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard. 他为什么被开除是因为他工作不努力。
It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.
3.同位语从句
同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导,常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面,说明该名词的具体内容。
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 登陆月球…….
I have no idea when he will be back. ……什么时候回来
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill……Mary也许病了
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.……是否同意
4.宾语从句
宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语,介词的宾语,某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。
①及物动词后的宾语从句:
She will give whoever needs help a warm support……任何需要帮助的人……
I wonder why she refused my invitation……她为什么拒绝了我的邀请
②介词后的宾语从句:
I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.我总是在思考如何提高我的口语水平。
The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. 老师对他所说的话很满意。
③某些形容词后的宾语从句:
I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.
……通过努力工作,你将取得更大的进步
We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us…….他没有告别就走了
④非谓语动词后的宾语从句:
Realizing that it was just a difference in custom,the foreigner smiled and said nothing
On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible ”.
⑤关于形式宾语it
We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
我们必须清楚任何违犯法律的人都将受到惩罚。
I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.我发现我们有必要征求他的意见。
5.名词性从句重难点
①在名词性从句中,疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如:
▲Can you make sure ____the gold ring ?
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
▲You can't imagine __when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
②动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中,其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用that。
Do you doubt that he will win ?
I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong .
He doubt whether I know it .
③ 否定转移问题。
▲将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等动词后面跟宾语从句时否定转移
I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。
We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ?
注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
▲将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移
It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
④主谓一致问题。
What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.
What I bought were three English books.
⑤语气问题
▲在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,that从句常用“should+ 动词原形”的结构I suggest we (should) set off at once. 我建议我们应该立刻出发。
▲在It is +过去分词+that的主语从句中 decided,demanded,desired,insisted,ordered,proposed,suggested,recommended,requested, required等。
It is desired that we(should)get everything ready this evening.
▲在表语从句或同位语从句中
The suggestion that the mayor (should) present the prizes was accepted by everyone.
▲在It is(was)+形容词+that从句中要用虚拟语气,即(should +)动词原形,表示建议或不满、惊奇等情绪。常用于此类的形容词有 essential,important,natural,necessary,possible,strange,等It is necessary that a college student ____at least a foreign language.(上海1993)
A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master
⑥What引导名词从句的特殊含义:
▲What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
(what为“所……的事”,相当于“the thing that…;all that…;everything that…”)
▲After ________ seemed a very long time,I opened my eye and found myself in bed.(M ET'93)A.what B.when C.that D.which
(what相当于“the time that”,表示“……时间”)
▲He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?
(what表示“……的人”,相当于“the person that…”)
▲What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.
(what表示“……的地方”,相当于“the place that…”)
▲Our income is now double what it was ten years ago
(what表示“……的数目”,相当于“the amount /number that…”)
⑦不可省略的连词:
▲介词后的连词不可省略
Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.
下楼之前,我已经把我要说的认真准备好了。
▲引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略
That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了,我们很高兴。
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
▲宾语从句有多个that引导时,从第二个及其后面的that不能省略
I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.
⑧比较:whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:
▲whether 引导主语从句在句首
Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me .她是否来与我无关。
▲引导表语从句
His first question was whether she had arrived yet. 他问第一个问题就是她来了没有。
▲引导同位语从句
Answer my question whether you are coming.回答我你是否来的问题。
▲whether 从句作介词宾语
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling .我担心是否伤了她的感情。
▲与or not连在一起
I don’t know whether or not he is going to Japan.我不知道他是否去日本。
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it 充当形式主语。例如:
It is not important who will go. 谁去,这不重要。
It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢,形势尚不明朗。
从句是高中英语学习的重点,从句有好几种,学生在复习的时候,最好分类复习,下面百文网的小编将为大家带来关于名词性从句的专题练习介绍,希望能够帮助到大家。
1.[2015·四川成都一诊]Gone are the days ________ we spent time fishing and swimming in the unpolluted river.答案:when考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语,且先行词表时间,因此填关系副词when。
2.[2015·重庆一中一诊]I'm glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you, without ________ consideration our project would have ended in failure.
答案:whose考查定语从句。从句中缺少定语,指代Mr. Smith's,故填whose。
3.[2015·福建毕业班质检]Running Man is such a funny reality show ________ has the gravity to pull you in front of your television.
答案:as考查定语从句,从句中缺少主语,并且先行词由such来修饰,因此只能填关系代词as。
4.[2015·福建三校联考]We expect you to become someone ________ whom we'll feel very proud in the future.答案:of考查“介词+关系代词”用法。根据从句中的结构和语义可知,此空格为介词,与从句中的proud构成“be proud of”固定搭配,故填of。
5.[2015·江苏南京市盐城市二模]As the dark horse, China's football team swept into the quarterfinals ________ it lost to host country Australia.
答案:where考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语,故填关系副词,而本题中先行词比较特殊,“quarterfinals”应视为地点对待,故应填关系副词where。
6.[2015·安徽合肥质检一]The movie Pompeii came out this February,________ many people think brings a touching love story to the audience.
答案:which考查定语从句。从句中的“many people think”为插入语,将其删除可看出从句中缺少主语,并且从句为非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,故只能填which。
7.[2015·福建泉州质检]Jack was late for nearly two hours this morning, but he gave such important reasons ________ he was excused.答案:that考查状语从句。从表面结构看此题与考查as引导的定语从句极为相似,但as是关系代词,需从句中缺少主语或宾语,且先行词有such修饰时使用,而本题中从句结构完整,故应考查“such...that...”结构。
8.[2015·陕西宝鸡一模]Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
答案:where考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语或宾语,故填关系副词,且先行词activities看作地点,故填where。
9.[2015·四川南充二诊]It was in the small house ________ was built with stones ________ he spent his childhood.
答案:which/that;that考查定语从句与强调句型。分析句子结构可知,第一空为连词引导定语从句修饰house,且从句中无主语,指物,故填that/which均可;第二空为强调句型中的that。
10.[2015·四川绵阳二诊]Is this museum ________ you visited last Friday?答案:the one考查代词的用法。先将题目改为陈述句“this museum is ________ you visited last Friday”可以发现you visited应作定语修饰空格,且从句中的visit后缺宾语,因此关系代词省略,造成结构不清。很明显主句中缺少的是先行词代替this museum,故填the one。
11.[2015·陕西83中二模]As a student of Senior Three, he has very little free time ________ he can spend developing his own interest.
答案:that考查定语从句用法。因从句中缺少spend的宾语,且先行词表示的是物,故填that。
12.[2015·浙江温州二模]________ is often the case, some British people are not familiar with different cultures.
答案:As考查定语从句用法。从句位于主句之前,且从句中没有主语,故应填关系代词as。
13.[2015·浙江温州一模]Being younger and thinner, she can eat big hamburgers for supper, ________ I have to give up in the interest of my weight.
答案:which考查定语从句用法。从句中缺少“give up”的宾语,且先行词指物,故应填关系代词,that只引导限定性定语从句,故答案是which。
14.[2015·江西南昌三校联考]—Where did you meet Mr.Green?
—It was in the hotel ________ he stayed.
答案:where本题表面看考查强调句型,实为考查定语从句,通过问答形式把问题省略,即强调句型的后半部分内容已经省略,补充完整为:It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met Mr.Green。
15.[2015·北京丰台区期末]His mother made Greg orange juice every day, ________ would help his recovery.
答案:which考查定语从句用法。从句中缺少主语,并且先行词指的是物,故应填关系代词which。that不引导非限制性定语从句。
Part .语篇语法填空(重点考查定语从句)
[2015·唐山模拟]Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will probably say __1__ they go to learn languages, arithmetic, history, science and some other knowledge. That is quite true, __2__ why do they learn these things?
We send our children to school to prepare them for the time __3__ they will be big and will have to work for themselves. Nearly everything __4__ they study at school has some practical use in their life. But is that the only reason __5__ they go to school?
There is more in education than just learning facts. We go to school to learn how to learn, __6__ when we have left school we can continue to learn.
A man __7__ really knows how to learn will always be successful, __8__ when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, he will also be able to teach others how to do it in the best way. The person __9__ is uneducated, on the other hand, is either unable to do something new, or just does it badly. The purpose of schools, __10__, is not to teach languages, arithmetic, history, science,etc., but to teach pupils the way to learn.
1.________2.________3.________4.________
5.________6.________7.________8.________
9.________10.________
本文讲述的是我们为什么要上学以及教育的目的。
1.that引导宾语从句,从句不缺少成分也不缺少意思,所以用连接词that。
2.but因为前面有分号,所以是简单句构成的句群,句子不缺少成分,根据意思用but。
3.when关系副词引导定语从句,从句不缺少主语和表语,先行词是the time,所以用when。
4.that引导定语从句,从句缺少study的宾语且先行词是everything,所以用that。
5.why引导定语从句,从句不缺少成分,先行词是“reason”,所以用why。
6.so that引导目的状语从句,根据句子之间的逻辑关系是“因此,所以”,所以用so that。
7.who引导定语从句作从句主语,修饰前面的“A man”,所以用who。
8.because引导原因状语从句,根据句子之间的逻辑关系是“因为”,所以用because。
9.who/that引导定语从句作从句主语,修饰前面的“The person”,所以用who/that。
10.therefore分析句子得知是简单句,在主语和谓语之间,根据意思是“因此”,且前后有逗号,所以用therefore。
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眼看离高考只有50多天,已经到了高考冲刺阶段,而自己的英语还是没有很大的进步,很多同学就开始紧张,甚至开始产生了放弃英语的想法。虽然我们仅仅还有50天,而这50天却是高考最重要的日子,好好利用这50天,复习好下面十大考点,就能轻而易举地把英语攻下。
Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别
一般说来,what/who等含特指意义,而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义,意为“无论什么/无论谁”。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
解析:答案是B,whatever引导一个宾语从句,并且作wants的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what,因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的”,具有泛指的概念。同时要注意,这里whatever也不能改用no matter what,因为后者只能引导状语从句。比较下例:
I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words. (这里的who表特定的某人)
Where, when, why等连接副词引导的名词性从句
Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句,使用的关键是:这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。
—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. that D. where
解析:答案是A,why引导的从句作表语,同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why,而不是when或 where等,唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义,及语境。
“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的区别
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格,决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。
It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
解析:答案是A。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句,作介词of宾语的,是后面的整个句子,而不是宾语从句的引导词,由于这里引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who(作宾语时自然要用whom)。
名词性从句中有插入成分时
此时应注意两点:一是从句仍然不倒装,而在插入成分上倒装;二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择。
____ you have seen both fighters, ____ will win?
A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you think
C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think
解析:根据上面的讲解,不难知道答案是D。其中do you think是插入成分,其余部分是宾语从句,作think的宾语;由于引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who(不用whom)。
引导词that的省略
引导宾语从句时,that通常可以省略,但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时,that不能省。例如:
China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that
解析:该句中的从句作shows的宾语,是宾语从句,又因为从句中不缺主、宾语,所以只能用that引导;又因引导宾语从句时that可以省略,所以答案是C。
同位语从句引导词where, when的用法特点
说明先行词内容的同位语从句的引导词where, when与被说明的名词在概念上不一致。但引导定语从句的引导词却必须保持一致。试比较:
1.Then arose the question ____ we were to get so much money.
2.This the house ____ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.
A. where B. that C. about which D. in which
解析:答案分别是1.A 2.A/D。先行词与where, when概念一致时,是定语从句,2题中的house与where同表地点,且这个关系副词where或when可以用“介词+which”的形式代替,所以答案A 和D都可以引导。1题中的question与where不表同一概念,可见是同位语从句,所以where不能改用“介词+which”的形式。
很多高中生都很畏惧英语,因为他们学不会英语,也不知道怎么学,只能盲目的学习,最终没看到成果,就选择了放弃。英语与其它学科不同,这是一门重积累的学科,因此,想要一下子学习并且看到效果是比较难的,但是,掌握一定的学习方法并且有目的勤奋的学习,是肯定可以提高分数的,下面,是小编整理的关于学好英语,应该怎么做?希望对同学们有所帮助。
1、多看:近年来英语试题的难度逐渐增大,试题的触角涉及到日常生活的各个领域,因此,应尽可能地扩大阅读面,广泛阅读,以求开阔视野,并在潜移默化中提高自己的英文水平。
2、多听:多听并不仅仅是为了应试,更重要的一点就是在听的过程中可以逐步增强语感。培养敏锐的语感将有助于增强辨析力和判断力,是英语学习过程中十分重要的一环。
3、多说:多说可以增强口语能力,加深记忆,使学过的知识清晰地映在脑海里,不容易被忘记。
4、多练:通过做大量的习题,可以增强实践经验,也能做出规律,做出语感来。
当然,学习一门语言本身也有其自身的规律,所谓“四勤”、“四多”也只不过是一种加强的手段。要学好英语,更重要的是从语言本身出发,深入钻研其中的奥秘,从字、词、句、章各方面逐个加强练习,严守“四勤”、“四多”的原则,轻轻松松取得好成绩。
学习需要多积累、多记忆,英语学习尤其如此。这样日积月累、持之以恒,在不知不觉中你就会学好英语。