为您找到与初一英语语法重点总结相关的共200个结果:
习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯,就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。下面是小编为大家精心整理的初一英语上册语法重点总结,希望对大家有所帮助。
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
初一英语语法知识点总结有哪些?初中生学英语的情况很特殊,经历了小学阶段简单的英语学习之后,开始进入到初中阶段的正规系统的学习,初中阶段的学习状况非常重要的,它是英语的打基础阶段,一起来看看初一英语语法知识点总结最新,欢迎查阅!
构词法:合成法、派生法和转换法。
1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1)派生名词:①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner,swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容词:①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful,interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副词:①形容词+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well,
possible→possibly等等。
3、转换法:
(1)形容词→动词,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。
(2)动词→名词,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名词→动词,如:hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等。
(4)形容词→副词,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副词→连词,如:when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等。
初中阶段的英语学习,一方面仍在学习新的语言知识,另一方面也已进入了查漏补缺、归类总结的复习阶段。2022初一英语重点知识点总结有哪些你知道吗?一起来看看2022初一英语重点知识点总结,欢迎查阅!
短语归纳
1. play chess 下国际象棋
2. play the guitar 弹吉他
3. speak English 说英语
4. English club 英语俱乐部
5. talk to 跟…说
6. play the violin 拉小提琴
7. play the piano 弹钢琴
8. play the drums 敲鼓
9. make friends 结交朋友
10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫
11. tell stories 讲故事
12. play games 做游戏
13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末
用法集萃
1. play +棋类/球类 下…棋/打…球
2. play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉…乐器
3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事
4. be good with sb. 和某人相处地好
5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
6. can + 动词原形 能/会做某事
7. a little + 不可数名词 一点儿…
8. join the…club 加入…俱乐部
9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事
典句必背
1. —Can you draw? 你会画画吗?
—Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。
2. —What club do you want to join? 你想加入哪个俱乐部?
—I want to join the chess club. 我想加入国际象棋俱乐部。
3. You can join the English club. 你可以加入英语俱乐部。
4. Sounds good./That sounds good. 听上去很好。
5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 我会说英语也会踢足球。
6. Please call Mrs. Miller at . 请给米勒夫人拨打电话。
虽然我们是到了初一才开始正式学习英语语法,但是初一要掌握的语法知识还是挺多的,下面是小编为大家整理的初一英语语法知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
have/ has的用法:
1) 谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。 It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。
They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。
There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
3) have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have) . She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。
We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。 Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t.
--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?
--No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。
--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。
What do they have? 他们有什么?
What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?
要想取得好的学习成绩,必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯,就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是小编为您整理的《初中一年级英语上册知识点总结》,供大家查阅。
一、初一英语语法——词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes,faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties,comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves,shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes,socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-womenteachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂,glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族,time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs,SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice,policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’;Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’sroom迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A) 第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training,play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking,practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting,let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或级形式。构成如下:
一) 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest,taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busierbusiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/furtherfarthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second,third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
升上初一,我们就要开始学习英语语法知识,学习语法是在理解的基础上进行记忆和运用。下面是小编为大家整理的关于初一英语必备语法知识点总结,希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!
句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句
a) This is a book. (be动词)
b) He looks very young. (连系动词) 他看起来很年轻
c) I want a sweat [swet出汗] like this(像这样)(实义动词) 我想像这样出汗 d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词) 我可以带一些东西到学校 e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构) 有一个电脑在我的桌子上 否定陈述句
a) These aren’t their books. 这些不是他们的书
b) They don’t look nice. 他们看起来不太好
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. 凯特不去第4中学 d) Kate can’t find her doll. 凯特找不到她的洋娃娃
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.) 这里没有一只猫
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句
a) Please go and ask the man. 请去问那个人
b) Let’s learn English! 让我们学习英语!
c) Come in, please. 请进。
否定祈使句
a) Don’t be late. 不要迟到。
b) Don’t hurry. 不要着急。
3. 疑问句
1) 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 a) Is Jim a student? Yes, he is. No,he isn’t b) Can I help you? Yes, you can. No,you can’t c) Does she like salad? 她喜欢做沙拉?Yes, she does. No,she doesn’t d) Do they watch TV? 他们看电视吗? Yes, they do.
学习是一架保持平衡的天平,一边是付出,一边是收获,少付出少收获,多付出多收获,不劳必定无获!要想取得理想的成绩,勤奋至关重要!只有勤奋学习,才能成就美好人生!勤奋出天才,这是一面永不褪色的旗帜,它永远激励我们不断追求、不断探索。有书好好读,有书赶快读,读书的时间不多。只要我们刻苦拼搏、一心向上,就一定能取得令人满意的成绩。接下来是小编为大家整理的初一英语语法知识点总结归纳,希望大家喜欢!
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、词组
be from= come form 来自...
pen pal=pen friend 笔友
like and dislike 好恶;爱憎
live in….在...居住
speak English 讲英语
play sports 做体育运动
a little French 一些法语
go to the movies 去看电影
an action movie 一部动作片
on weekends 在周末
Excuse me 对不起,打扰
get to 到达、抵达
beginning of 在...开始的时候
at the end of 在...结束的时候
arrive at /
二、句型
(1)、Where主 +be+主语+from?
主语+be+from+地点.
(2)、Where do/does+主语+live?
主语+live/lives in…
(3)、What language do/does +主语+speak?
主语+speak/speaks….
(4)、主语+like/likes+doing…
三、日常交际用语
1-Where is your pen pal from?
-He’s from China.
2-Where does she live?
--She lives in Tokyo.
3-Does she speak English?
-Yes,she does/No,she dosen’t.
4-Is that your new pen pal?
-Yes,he is /No,he isn’t.
5-What language does she speak?
-She speaks English.
Unit 2 Where’s the post office
一、词组
post office 邮局
pay phone 投币式公用电话
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...对面
in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之间
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右边/在左边
on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边
turn right/left 向右/左转
take a walk 散步
have fun 玩得开心
the way to …去...的路
take a taxi 打的/乘出租车
go down(along)…沿着...走
go through...穿过...
have a good trip 旅途愉快
二、句型
(1)、Is there a bank near here?
Yes,there is .It’s on Centre Street.
No,there isn’t.
(2)、Where’s the sumpermarket?
It’s next to the library.
(3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.
(4)、I hope you have a good trip.
(5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.
(6)、Talk a walk though the park..
(7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式.
Do you enoy(=like) your work?
Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city?
三、日常交际用语
(1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood.
-Yes, there is. No.there isn’t
(2)、Where is …?句型Eg:
-Where is the park,please?
-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)
-I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答)
(3)、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如:
- Which is the way to the library.
(4)、How can I get to +地点?句型.例如:
-How can I get to the restaurant?
(5)、Can you tell me the way to +地点?句型.例
- Can you tell me the way to the post office?
(6)、Let me tell you the way to my house.
(7)、Just go straight and turn left.
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、词组
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
kind of 有几分种类
a kind of 一种…
…years old …年龄 如:ten years old 十岁
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
like doing sth
play with … 与...一起玩
be quiet 安静
during the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一个...另一个...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they’re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交际用语
(1)、-Let’s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don’t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围
the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.
(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、词组
want to be+职业 想要成为。。。
shop assistant 店员
bank clerk 银行职员
work with 与。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 为。。。而工作
work as 作为。。而工作
get.. from…从。。。获得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人
正确的表示:give it/them to sb.
错误的表示:give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
talk to /with 与…讲话
go out to dinners 外出吃饭
in a hospital 在医院
newspaper reporter 报社记者
movie actor 电影演员
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例:-What do you do?-I’m a student.
-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn’t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t
(6)-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式:
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What’s one’s job?例:What’s your father’s job?
Unit 5 I’m watching TV.
一、词组
do homework 做家庭作业
watch TV 看电视
eat dinner 吃饭;就餐
clean the room 打扫房间
read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书
go to the movies 看电影
write a letter 写信
wait for 等待;等候
talk about 谈论。。。。
play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球/踢足球
take photos 拍照
TV show 电视节目
Some of。。。 。。。中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照
at school 在学校
be with 和。。。一起
in the tree 在树上
二、句型
(1)-What+be+主语+doing? ….正在做什么?
-主语+be+doing。。。 …正在做某事。
例: -what are you doing?
-I’m doing my homework.
(2)-Thanks for … 为。。。而感谢
例:Thanks for your letter.
(3)-Here are/is…
例:Here are some of my photos.
Here is a photo of my family.
(4)-That sounds good.
(5)-This TV show is boring.
三、日常交际用语
(1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure.
(2)-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven.
(3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school.
(4)-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus.
(5)-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper.
1)现在在进行时的形式是:
助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
2)现在进行时的肯定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
I’m watching TV.
3)现在进行时的否定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他
They are not playing soccer.
4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?
Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not.
Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?
例:What is your brother doing?
6) 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.
1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning,
play—playing,
2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having
come—coming.dance--dancing
3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.
如:run—runing,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming.
Shop—shopping.put—putting,sit—sitting
今天小编要和大家分享的是初一英语下册重点词语句型语法,希望能帮助到大家学习七年级英语,快快学习吧。
七年级下册英语辅导要点汇编
Unit 5 Our School Life
topic1 How do you go to school?
一、重点词语:
1. wake up 醒来,唤醒 get up 起床
2. go to school 去上学 go home 回家
3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming 去跳舞;购物、滑冰;游泳
go doing something 可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。
4. 表示交通方式:
on foot 步行
by boat 坐船 by ship 坐船 by air 乘飞机
by plane 乘飞机 by train 坐火车 by subway 搭乘地铁
by car 坐小汽车 by bus 坐公共汽车 by bike 骑自行车
5. take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地铁;公共汽车;小汽车
6. drive a car to work = go to work by car 驾车去上班
take a bus to work = go to work by bus 乘公共汽车去上班
go to school on foot = walk to school 步行去上学
7. ride a bike / horse 骑自行车;骑马
8. after school / class 放学以后;下课以后
9. play the piano / guitar / violin 弹钢琴;吉他;小提琴
play basketball / soccer / football 打篮球;踢足球;打橄榄球
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
play with a computer 玩电脑
play sports 做运动
10. next to 紧挨着,在…旁边
11. a plan of my school 一幅我们学校的平面图
12. on weekdays 在工作日
at weekends 在周末
13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals 吃早餐;中餐;晚餐;正餐;一日三餐
have classes / lessons / a meeting 上课;上课;开会
14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals 看电视;电影;比赛;动物
read novels / newspapers / books 看小说;报纸;书
15. wash one’s face / clothes 洗脸;衣服
16. 反义词:up – down, early – late 近义词:quickly – fast
get up early 早起 be late for 迟到
17. the first / second / third / fourth day 第一;二;三;四天
18. clean the house 打扫房子
19. 表示建筑物(尤其学校建筑物):
on the playground 在操场
at school / home / table 在学校;家里;桌旁
in a computer room / teachers’ office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen
在电脑室;教师办公室;教学楼;体操馆;图书馆;实验室;食堂
20. around six o’clock = at about six o’clock 大约在六点
21. 频率副词:never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
二、重点句型:
1. It’s time to get up. 该起床的时候了。
It’s time for breakfast. = It’s time to have breakfast = It’s time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了
2. You must go to school early. 你必须早点去上学。(主观因素造成“必须”)
I have to wash my face quickly. 我不得不迅速地洗脸。(客观因素造成“必须”)
3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快乐!也祝你新年快乐!
4. How about you? = What about you? 你怎么样?
5. It tastes good. 它尝起来很好。 It sounds good. 它听起来很好。
6. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
你通常怎样去上学?我通常骑自行车去上学。
What do you usually do after school? I usually play computer games.
你通常放学做什么?我通常玩电脑游戏。
7. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.
她通常怎样去上班?她通常开车去上班。
What does he usually do after class? He usually reads novels.
他通常下课后做什么?他通常看小说。
8. The early bird catches the worm! 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。
9. Where’s Mr. Zhou going? He’s going to Shanghai. 周先生将要去哪里?他将要去上海。
三、语法学习:复习一般现在时和现在进行时。
一般现在时:
1. 区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。
I am at home.√ I stay at home.√ I am stay at home. × She stay at home. ×
2. 一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式:
Are you at home? Do you stay at home? Does she stay at home?
Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
I am not at home. I don’t stay at home. She doesn’t stay at home.
3. 主语为第三人称单数时,谓语行为动词的变化。
She plays computer games on Sundays.
She studies English every morning.
She goes to school on weekdays.
She has breakfast at 6:45.
4. 用法:
(1) 表示现在的状况:I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.
(2) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作:I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.
(3) 表示主语具备的性格和能力等:He likes playing basketball. They do the cooking.
现在进行时:
1. 基本句式结构:I am playing with a computer.
2. 现在分词构成法:
go – going play – playing have – having drive – driving
run – running swim – swimming begin – beginning
3. 用法:
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作:She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。
(2)方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作:I’m going. 我要走了。
四、交际用语:谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。
主要句型:
How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
I’m riding a bike now.
What’s she doing? She’s dancing.
Do you often go to the library?
Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?
一、 重点词语:
1. 学科名词:
政治 语文 数学 英语 历史 地理 生物 音乐 体育 美术
politics Chinese math English history geography biology music P.E. Art
2. 一周七天名词:
星期日 星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
3. swimming pool 游泳池
4. listen to music 听音乐 write letters 写信 go roller-skating 滑滑轮
go shopping 去购物 have an English class 上英语课 go to the park 去公园
meet friends 会见朋友 draw pictures 画画 play sports 做运动
watch TV 看电视 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 play soccer 踢足球
work on math problems 解答数学题 take exercises 做运动
learn about the past 学习历史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写
play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同学玩球类游戏
5. be good at = do well in 擅长于… I am good at English. = I do well in English.
6. be different from 与…不同 the same as 与…相同
7. do outdoor activities 进行户外活动
8. every week 每周 each day 每天 three times a week 每周三次
9. 反义词:boring – interesting difficult – easy begin – finish
近义词:difficult – hard
10. care about 关心;担心
11. try to do something 尝试去做某事
12. do one’s best 尽力去做某事 do one’s homework 做家作
13. like doing something = love doing something 喜欢做某事
hate doing something 讨厌做某事
14. noon break 午休
15. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六点半 at seven o’clock = at seven 在七点
at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五点十五分
at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十五分
16. for a little while 就一会儿
17. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生
18. eat out 出去吃
19. get home 到家
二、重点句型:
1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜欢哪个地方?我最喜欢电脑室。
2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你为什么这么想?因为他喜欢睡觉。
4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你经常去图书馆吗?经常。
5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长与足球。
6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的兴趣和他们的不一样。
7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少节课?
8. What time is school over? 什么时候放学?
9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做到最好。
10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 如果我总是尽力,我就不需要担心考试
11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for a little while.
晚餐后,我经常做作业然后看一会儿电视。
三、语法学习:以How,Wh- 开头的疑问句。
疑问词:how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class…
四、交际用语:谈论课程、作息时间、个人爱好及学习生活。
主要句型:
Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.
What’s your favorite subject? Math is.
How often do you…? Every day. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.
Do you like going to…? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
How many lessons do you have every day? We have seven lessons every day..
When do morning classes begin? At 7:20.
topic3 I like the school life here.
一、重点词语:
1. 反义词:first – last , borrow – return / give back end –begin easy—hard
Interesting—boring lost—found
同义词: end—be over , study—learn , of course –certainly/ sure , return –give back
come from—be from (be= am/ is / are ), have class—have lesson
2. 名词单数转化复数:life – lives shelf – shelves leaf – leaves half – halves child--children
名词变成形容词:wonder – wonderful, use – useful, care – careful, beauty - beautiful
interest – interesting, excite – exciting
3. between… and… 在…与…之间
4. school hall 学校大厅
5. Our School Times 《学校时报》
6. Everyday Science 《每日科技》
7. the school life 学校生活
8. most of them 他们大多数
9.wait for – 等待
10 get home 到家
11. and so on 等等
12. on time 按时
13. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你
14. learn…from 向…学习
二、重点句型:
1. Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。
2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice. I like the school life here .
你认为我们学校怎么样?挺好的。我喜欢这儿的学校生活。
3.。 Wait a minute. = Just a minute. 等一等。
4. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你
5. Thank you for your hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作。
6. Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。
7. I read them with great interest. (我读得津津有味)我带着极大的兴趣读它们。
8. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗
9. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? I’m from Australia.
你来自哪里?我来自澳大利亚。
10. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久?两个星期。
11. . Do you have a problem? 你有问题吗?
12. What day is it today ? It’s Wednesday . 今天是星期几? 今天是星期三。
13.What time does the class begin / end ? 几点上课/ 下课?
14.What is your favorite subject ? 你最喜爱的学科是什么(是哪一科) ?
What subject do you teach ? 你教什么学科?(哪一科)
15 How often do you do outdoor activities ? 你多常进行户外活动?
16.How many lessons do you have every week ? 你每周上几节课?
17.Why do don’t you like English ? 你为什么喜欢英语/ 不喜欢英语 ?
Because it’s easy and interesting .因为它既容易又有趣。
Because it’s difficult and boring. 因为它既难又烦人。
18.I don’t like math at all .我一点儿(完全)不喜欢数学。
三、语法学习:There is / are…某处(某时)有某物(某事)
1. 用法:表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西 几种基本句式:
1. There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔。
2. There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有两支笔和一本书。
3. There isn’t a book on the desk. 桌上没有一本书。
4. There aren’t two pens on the desk. 桌上没有两支笔。
5. Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
桌上有一本书吗?是的,有。/ 不,没有。
6. Are there two pens on the desk? Yes, there are./ No, there aren’t.
桌上有两支笔吗?是的,有。/ 不,没有。
3. 与have的区别:
I have a book. I don’t have a book. Do you have a book? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
She has a book. She doesn’t have a book. Does she have a book? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
现在进行时的特征:(结构be+ving)
1. Look ! They are playing soccer on the playground.
2. Listen ! He is singing in the classroom.
3. We are having an English class now. (at the moment)
4.It’s seven o’clock in the evening . I am doing my homework.
5. Where is Jim ? (当问答动作时用进行时) He is having lunch in the dining-room.
6.根据上下文提示: What are you doing ? I am reading in the library.
四、交际用语:学习校园生活的一些活动,如采访、借书、找寻失物、制作海报等。
主要句型:
1. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please.
2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice.
3. Can I borrow …? Sure, here you are.
4. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. But you must return it on time.
5. There is / are…
6. Is there a bed in the room? Yes, there is.
7. What are you / they doing ? I (We are) / They are) am reading stories .
8. What is he/ she doing ? He/ She is having a biology class.
Unit 6 Our Local Area
Topic 1 I have a nice house
一、词汇:
1. in front of 在……的前面
2. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
3. next to 靠近
4. give back归还
5. for a while 一会儿
6. go upstairs 上楼
7. have a look 看一看
8. put away 把……收起来
9. play with a ball 玩球
10. on the second floor 在第二层
11. look after 照顾;照看;照料;保管
二、句型:
1. Why not go upstairs and have a look?
(1) go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼
(2) have a look看
have a look at… 看……
have a walk散步
have a bath洗澡
have a swim游泳
have a talk谈话
have a rest休息
(3) Why not+动词原形…?句型是提建议的一种表达法,形同“Why don’t + 人称代词 + 动词原形上+ …?”。这样的句型常用来启发或建议某人做某事。回答常用Ok, let’s…/All right./That’s a good idea.
2. Please give it back soon.请尽快地把它还给我。
give …back:(=return)归还:代词作宾语时应放在give 和back的中间,如果是名词作宾语,可放在中间,也可放在后面。例如:
give the book back;/give back the book.
give it back / give them back
类似的短语还有put away, put on, try on, take off,
3.Let’s play computer games for a while.让我们玩一会儿电脑吧。
(1) play computer games玩电脑游戏
(2) Let’s …=Let us后接动词原形:让我们……
4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的宠物狗在家里到处玩球。
(1) everywhere=here and there处处;到处
(2) play with 其后接人时,意为“与……玩”
其后接物时,意为“玩(单纯地玩耍)……”
play football, play basketball, play volleyball指技术性较高的运动
5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一个西瓜和许多苹果。
(1) lots of =a lot of 许多的;大量的,用来修饰名词
There are a lot of students in that school. (=many)
There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)
There’s a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)
三、语法:There be句型和Have的区别
类型 There be Have
涵义不同 侧重 "存在关系",表示"某地或某时间存在某人/某物",there只是引导词,无意义。
如:There is a boat in the river.河里有一条船。 侧重 "所属关系",示"属于……所拥有"的东西,第三人称用has。如: I have a nice watch.
我有一块好看的手表。
She has a new computer.
她有一台新电脑。
句型不同 1.肯定式:There is/are+主语+其它。
2.否定式:There is/are+ not+主语+其它。
3.疑问式:--Is/Are there+主语+其它?
--Yes, there is/are.
--No, there isnt/arent 1.肯定式:主语+have/has+其它。
2.否定式:a)主语+dont/doesnt have+其它;
b)主语+havent/hasnt+其它。
3.疑问式:a)--Do/does+主语+have+其它?
--Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+dont/doesnt.
b)--Have/Has+主语+其它?--Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+havent/hasnt.
主谓一致不同 1.There is +单数主语/不可数主语…如:
There is some milk in hte bottle.
There is a hat on the desk.
2.There are+复数主语…如:There are some flowers in the basket.
3.There is +单数主语+and+复数主语…如: There is a mouse and two pens on the deak.
4.There are+复数主语+and+单数主语…如:There are two pens and a mouseon the desk. 1.主语(第三人称单数)+has+…如:
She has many new clothes.
Tom has a nice feather.
2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+…如:You have some good firends but they have few.
划线提问不同 1.对主语提问一律用"Whats+某地/某时?"结构,其中谓语动词须用is,且there要省略。如:There are some pictures on the wall.---Whats on the wall?
2.对地点提问要用"Where is/are there…?"如:There is a black car under the tree.--Where is there a black car?
3.对主语的数量提问要用"How many+主语(复数)+are there…?/How much+主语(不可数)+is there…?"
如: Therere three people in my family. --How many people are there in your family?
Theres some rice in the bag.
---How much rice is there in the bag? 1.对主语提问要用"Who/has/have+…?"如: Mary has a sweater.--Who has a sweater?
We have new brooms.--Who hsve new brooms?
2.对宾语提问要用"What have/has+主语?/What do does+主语+have…?"如: My father has a big farm .
What has your father?/
What does your father have?
3.对宾语的数量提问用"How many+复数名词+have/has+主语?/How much+不可数名词+have/has+主语?"或"How many +复数名词+do/does+主语+have?/How much+不可数名词+do/does+主语+have?"
如:I have two pictures.
--How many pictures do you have?/How many pictures have you?
注意 there be结构在改为否定或疑问句时,一般将some改为any.
如:There are some dishes on the desk.
--There arent any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the desk? have 句型在改为否定句时,也应将 some 改为 any.
如: She has some fruit.
--She hasnt/doesnt have any fruit./Has she any fruit?/Does she have any fruit?
注:在表示 "附属于某物/某处的东西"时,there be结构与have句型都可以用。如:
There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows.
The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.
Topic 2 I am your new neighbor.
一、词汇:
1. look for寻找
2. a parking lot停车场
3. at the street corner在街道的拐角
4. play the piano弹钢琴
5. knock at(the door)敲(门)
6. hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
7. at the end of 在……的尽头;在……的末尾
8. in the suburbs在郊外;在郊区
9. according to按照
二、句型:
1. What’s your home like?你的家什么样?
like用作动词时意为“喜欢”,用作介词时意为“像……”,常用短语:be like, look like
2. I’m looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家杂货店。
look for 寻找。强调寻找的动作;
find找到,发现。强调结果;
find out着重指通过分析、调查等弄清或杳明一件事情
Are you looking for your pen? Yes, I am.你在找你的钢笔吗?是的。
Can you help me find my bike?你能帮我找到自行车吗?
Please find out who broke the window.请找出是谁把窗户打破的?
3.There is one in front of our building.我们的楼前有一家(杂货店)。
in front of 在……的前面(在范围之外的前面)
in the front of在……的前面(在范围内的前面)
There is a tree in front of the classroom..教室前面有一棵树。(树在教室外)
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老师站在教室的前面。(老师在教室里)
4.What’s the matter?怎么了?(出什么事了?)
类似的表达法还有:What’s up?/What’s wrong?/What’s going on?
5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人们喜欢住带有草坪和花园的房子。
enjoy doing sth.喜欢、享受做某事。Enjoy后接名词或动词的ing形式,如:
He enjoys reading novels.他喜欢读小说。
6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我听见你弹钢琴很动听。
hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。如:.
I hear them singing songs in the next room.我听到他们正在隔壁房间唱歌。
7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂,我是王太太。
电话用语,不用I和you, 而用this和that。如:
This is Mary (speaking).我是玛丽。
Who’s that (speaking)?你是谁?
8. The kitchen fan doesn’t work.厨房的排气扇不工作了。
work进行顺利,起作用,(机器)正常运转
如:My clock doesn’t work.我的钟不走了。
Topic 3 Is there a supermarket around here?
一、 词汇:
1. thousands of成千上万的
2. a public phone公用电话
3. get to到达
4. the way to the station去车站的路
5. be far from远离……
6. traffic lights交通灯
7. across from在(街,路等)的对面
8. between…and…在……和……之间
9. the information desk咨询处
10. on the left在左边;on the right在右边
二、句型:
1. Excuse me, how can I get to the library?劳驾,去图书馆怎么走?
2. Turn right at the second turn.在第二个拐弯处向右拐。
(1) turn right(left)= turn to the right (left)向右(左)拐
(2) turn (turning)名词,拐弯处
at the first turning在第一个拐弯处
(3) Turn right at the second turn. =Take the second turning on the right.
3. Thank you anyway.仍然(还是)要谢谢你。类似的还有:
Thank you all the same./Thank you anyhow.
4. You need to take No. 718 bus here.你需要乘718路公共汽车。
need作行为动词时,意为“需要,需求”,有人称、数和时态的变化。need to do sth. 需要做某事,如:You need to have a good rest.你需要好好休息。
need还可作情态动词,意为“必要,需要”,后接动词原形,常用作否定形式needn’t,意为“不必”,如:You needn’t drive so fast.你不必开得这么快。
5. Every year thousands of people get hurt or die in road accidents.每年成千上万的人在交通事故中受伤或死亡。
hundred和thousand等表示数目的词前如果有确切的数字,这些词不用复数形式,后面直接跟名词;如果本身表示模糊的概念,这些词用复数且后跟of才能再接名词,如:two hundred books两百本书hundreds of books成百上千本书
five thousand trees五千棵树thousands of trees 成千上万棵树
6. If everyone obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.如果人人都遵守交通规则的话,道路交通就会变得更加安全。
(1) much safer安全得多 much用在比较级前,强调程度。类似的还有a little等。
The earth is much bigger the moon.地球比月亮大得多。
Are you feeling much better today?你今天觉得好点了吗?
Tom is a little taller than his mother.汤姆比他妈妈高一点儿。
(2) if 连词,意为“如果,假如”
If you are hungry ,you can buy some food in the shop.如果你饿了,你可以在店里买点食物。
If he comes , I will tell you .如果他来了,我就告诉你。
三、语言点:
1. 英语中常见的问路方法有:
(1) Is there a … near here?
(2) Where is the … ,please ?
(3) Do you know the way to… ,please?
(4) Which is the way to … ,please?
(5) How can I get to …?
(6) Can you tell me the way to…?
(7) Can you find the way to …?
(8) I want to go to… .Do you know the way?
2. 英语中常见的指路方法有:
It’s over there .
It’s next to the …
It’s across from…
It’s behind the …
It’s between … and … .
Walk/Go along this street.
It’s about …meters from here.
Take the first turning on the left.
Walk on and turn right.
四、形容词比较级的构成:
绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如:
poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变 化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级)
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级)
3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)
4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构 成.
happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字 母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级) difficult (原级)
more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)
most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级比较级最高级
goodbetterbest
manymoremost
muchmoremost
badworseworst
little lessleast
ill worseworst
farfarther(further) farthest(furthest)
Unit 7 The Birthday Party
Topic1 Can you dance?
一、词汇:
1. Happy Birthday!生日快乐!
2. take photos拍照
3. work out作出,解决
4. how about/what about如何,怎样
5. fly kites放风筝
6. row a boat划船
7. perform ballet ]表演芭蕾舞
8. dance the disco跳迪斯科
9. make model planes做飞机模型
10. draw pictures画画
11. show sb. sth.给某人看某物
12. two years ago两年前
13. be in hospital(生病)住院
二、句型:
1. What are you going to perform at Kangkang’s birthday party?你打算在康康的生日晚会上表演什么?
“be going to+动词原形”的句型常用来表示打算、准备做某事或即将发生或肯定要发生某事,be是助动词,有人称和数的变化,如:
He is going to have a swim this afternoon.
2. What about /How about +名词、代词或动名词,意为“……怎么样?”常用来表示对……的看法,或表示建议、询问的方式,如:
How/What about sitting here to look at the moon?坐在这儿赏月怎么样?
3. I only can sing English songs.我只会唱英文歌曲。(情态动词can的用法)
They couldn’t sing any English songs two years ago.两年前他们不会唱英文歌曲。
一段时间+ago:表示在……时间以前,如:three months ago三个月以前
4.What will you buy for Kangkang as a birthday present?你要给康康买什么礼物?
“will+动词原形”表将来。
英语作为我们学习的第一门外语,同时也是三大科之一,学习并掌握这门课程是我们必须做到的,下面是小编给大家带来的七年级英语下册语法重点知识点总结,希望能够帮助到大家!
【知识归纳】
1、Either...or...
either…or…主要用于表示选择,其意为“要么…要么…”“或者…或者…”,用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语.如:
Youcan have either this one or that one.
你拿这个或那个都可以.
Youmust either go at once or wait till tomorrow.
你要么马上走,要么等到明天.
Wecan finish the work either this week or next week.
不是这星期就是下星期我们就可完成这项工作.
特别注意:
either…or…连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”.如:
Eitheryou or I am to go.你或我必须有人去.
Eitherhe or you are right.要么他对,要么你对.
3、Exercise
exercise做锻炼时为不可数名词,如 do exercise
exercise做练习或操讲为可数名词,如do math exercises,do morning/eye exercises
2、job/work
job就是指具体的一份工作,为是可数名词;work做动词时,常指工作状态
如:
What’syour job?
Ihave a wonderful job,it’s so exciting.
A:Whatare you doing right at this moment? B:I'm working!
work作名词有两种意思:
指“工作”时为不可数名词 out of work表示失业;
做可数名词时表示“著作”,如Lun Xun’s works
4、Lots of
Lotsof = a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词
注意:a lot 不能修饰名词,常用来修饰形容词或动词,为副词词性
5、频度副词
频度副词按频度从高到底为
Always–usually(generally)-often- sometimes-seldom- hardly- never
对频度副词提问常用howoften
6、Taste
··taste作动词时,有两种情况:
·taste后可跟名词或代词,意为“尝、品尝某物”。如:
Tomsmelled the mooncake and then tasted it again.
·taste后可跟形容词,意为“尝起来...”,此时它是感官系动词。如:
Themooncakes with nuts taste more delicious than those with sugar.
其他感官系动词:feel,sound, look, smell等
··taste也可作名词,意为“味道、品尝”或“品味”。如:
Pleasehave a taste of this cheese.
Sugarhas a sweet taste.
Hehas a good taste.
【重点短语】
at six thirty 在六点半
after dinner 晚餐后
at night 在夜间
after that 在那之后
a quarter past three in the afternoon 下午三点一刻
be late for work 上班迟到
brush teeth 刷牙
be good for..对.....有益/好处
do (one's) homework 做作业
eat/have breakfast 吃早餐
eatquickly 快速地吃
eat a good breakfast 吃一顿丰盛的早餐
either..or...或者...或者...
from...to...从.....到......
go home 回家
go to school 去上学
go to work 去上班
go to bed (early)(早早)去睡觉
get up 起床
get dressed 穿上衣服
get home 到家
half an hour 半小时
half past six in the morning 早上六点半
lots of/a lot of...大量,许多
on weekends( 在)周末
play/dosports 做运动
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
radio station/show 广播电台/广播节目
take a shower 洗淋浴
take a walk 散步;走一走
【重点句子】
At ten thirty,I brush my teeth and then I go to bed.
十点半,我刷牙,然后上床睡觉。
At twelve,she eat s lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.
到了十二点,午饭她吃很多水果和蔬菜。
Afterschool,I sometimes play basketball for half an hour.
放学后,我有时打半小时的篮球。
After that,I usually exercise at about ten twenty.
在那之后,我通常在10 点20 分左右锻炼。
He works at a radio station.他在一家广播电台工作。
Iusually get up at six thirty.我通常在六点半起床。
I'm never late for work.我上班从来不迟到。
Idon't like to get up early.我不喜欢早起。
Idon't have much time for breakfast,soI usually eat very quickly.
我没有太多的时间吃早饭,所以我通常吃得很快。
In the evening,I either watch TV or play computer games.
晚上,我要么看电视,要么玩电脑游戏。
--Scott ,what time is your radio show? 斯科特,你的广播节目在几点?
--From twelve o'clock at night to six o'clock in the morning.从夜里12点到早上6点。
She knows it's not good for her,but it tastes good!
她知道( 吃冰淇淋)对她不好,但它尝起来很美味!
That's a funny time for breakfast! 那个时间吃早饭真有意思哟!
Whattime do you usually take a shower, Rick? 里克,你通常几点钟洗淋浴?
When do you go to work? 你什么时候去上班?
WhenI get home,I always do my homework first.
当我回到家时,我总是先做作业。
【本单元语法】
一、whattime与when
1.whattime翻译为“几点”问的是具体的时间,一般回答要具体到小时。
Whattime do you go to school? 你什么时候/几点上学?
Igo to school at half past seven o’clock. 我七点半去上学。
注意时间点前要加介词“at”
2.when也是提问时间,但与what time的区别是:
用when提问,回答既可以是具体的时间,也可以是不具体的时间,
如:in themorning/afternoon/evening,lastyear,in 1998等范围大的时间,例如:
Whendoes he take a shower?他什么时候洗澡?
Hetakes a shower in the evening. 他在晚上洗澡。
也可用具体时间:
Itake a shower at 6 o’clock in the evening. 我晚上六点洗澡。
3.问时间点只能用what time,如What time is it?
二、频率副词的使用用法
几个常见频率副词的用法
★always
always意为“总是”,与进行时态连用时,也可用来表达喜爱、厌恶等感情色彩。
e.g.
Ishall always remember my first day at school. 我将永远记住我上学的第一天。
Heis always smoking. 他总是抽烟。(厌恶情感)
Sheis always so elegant.她总是如此高雅。(赞美情感)
★usually
usually可以指通常的动作,侧重已经形成的习惯。
e.g.
Iusually do some shopping with my parents on Sundays.
我通常在星期天和我的父母一起去买东西。
Heusually goes to school by bike. 他通常骑自行车上学。
★often
often是指经常性的动作,意思为“常常, 经常”。
e.g.
Childrendon't often do homework. 孩子们经常不写作业。
Heis often late for school. 他经常上学迟到。
★sometimes
sometimes意思为“有时,不时”,表示次数较少(低于often所表达的次数),常常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
e.g.
Sometimeshe goes to work by bike, and sometimes he goes by bus.
有时候他骑自行车上班,有时候他乘公共汽车上班。
SometimesI helped my parents in the house. 有时候我帮助父母做家务。
★hardly
hardly意思为“难得, 几乎从来不”,它所表示的次数非常少。
e.g.
Hehardly drinks. 他几乎不喝酒。
Shehardly plays cards. 她几乎不打牌。
特别注意:hard与hardly为形近词,但是在意义上并无关联
Hard做形容词时意为“坚硬的,困难的”
做副词时意为“努力地,刻苦地”
★never
never意思为“决不, 从未”,表示一次也没有。
e.g.
Henever lives there. 他从来都没有在那儿住过。
Shenever has anything to do. 她一向无所事事。
图示:
always | usually | often | sometimes | never |
100% 70—80% 60-70% 30-40% 0
它们均属于“模糊频率”,无法表示具体次数
★但是以下这些频率副词可以准确地表达事情发生的频率。
Once一次 twice两次 基数词+times...次
单元检测
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
1. —________does Mr. Wang usually go to bed?
— At nine.
A. What time B. How time
C. Who D.How
2. —David, when do you get up every day?
—I usually get up________ half past six. I'm never late for school.
A. in B.at
C. on D.during
3. Look at the clock. It's six fifteen.
A. fifteen to five
B. fifteen past six
C. a quarter to six
D. a quarter past five
4. You can either take a bus ________ gothere on foot.
A. and B.or
C. but D.so
5. He wants to ________ as (作为) a teacher. He thinks it's aninteresting ________.
A. work; work B. works; job
C. work; job D. works; work
6. We have ________ things to do this week,but I think we have ________ time to do them.
A. much; a lot of B. a lot of; many
C. many; lots of D. lots of; many
7. The twins ________school in the morning.
A. is often late for B. are often late for
C. often are late to D. often is late to
8. — ________ he go to work early?
— Yes, he ________to work very early.[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
A. Do;go B. Does;go
C. Does;goes D. Do;goes
9. Rick takes a walk in the park everymorning.
A. has B.runs
C. goes D.eats
10. To wash hands before meals is good________ our health.
A. with B.for
C. of D.at
11. The mooncake tastes ________, and itsells ________.
A. good; well B. good; good
C. well; well D. well;good
12. My father usually works very late________.
A. on night B.in night
C. at night D.with night
13. It's a ________ story. We all like itvery much.
A. bad B.funny
C. interesting D. early
14. He usually has a ________ breakfast,and then goes to work ________.
A. quick; quickly
B. quick; quick
C. quickly; quickly
D. quickly; quick
15. The old man often takes a walk alone(独自), but ________ with his dog.
A. always B.usually
C. sometimes D. never
二、完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)
David has a happy family. In the morning hegets up ________16 5:30. He takes a shower and then he eatsbreakfast at six ________17.His parents get up at 5:00. They usually take a walk at 5:30. Then they ________18 breakfast.
In the afternoon, David ________19 home at4:30. He and hisparents have dinner at six. In the evening, David likes watching TV. But hisparents ask him to do ________20 homework first. He goes to bed at 9:00.[来源:学科网]
________21, David doesn't go to school andhis parents don't go to work. They ________22 their house at home. They________23 in the park to keep (保持) healthy. They also make nice food. It ________24 good. They have ahappy ________25.
16. A. in B.on C. at D. for
17. A. clock B. hour C. hours D. o'clock
18. A. have B.eats C. Has D. eating
19. A. comes to B. comes back C. come to D. come back
20. A. he B.David C. their D. his
21. A. In weekend B. On weekends C.Weekend D. Weekends
22. A. make B.play C. clean D. watch
23. A. stop B.sit C. talk D. exercise
24. A. tastes B. sounds C. feels D. watches
25. A. job B.life C. walk D. night
三、阅读理解 (每小题2分,共20分)
A
Jenny gets up early in the morning. She hasbreakfast and then goes to school. She walks to the bus stop and takes a bus.She gets to school at about half past seven.
Jenny is never late for school. She likesher school and works hard. Classes begin at 8:00.She has six classes every day. Jenny is good at all her lessons,and she likes English best.
Usually Jenny has lunch at school. She goeshome at five in the afternoon. Sometimes, she helps her friends with theirlessons after school. After supper she usually watches TV. Then she does herhomework. he goes to bed at about 9:30.Jenny is a good girl.
26. Where does Jenny have breakfast?
A. She has breakfast at home.
B. She has breakfast at school.
C. She has breakfast on her way to school.
D. She has breakfast on the bus.
27. How does Jenny do in her lessons?
A. She doesn't like going to school.
B. She can't do her lessons.
C. She does very well in her lessons.
D. She doesn't know her lessons at all.
28. How many hours does Jenny stay at school?
A. She is at school for about seven hours.
B. She is at school for about seven and ahalf hours.
C. She is at school for about eight hours.
D. She is at school for about nine and ahalf hours.
29. What does Jenny sometimes do afterschool?
A. She has supper with her classmates atschool.
B. She helps her friends with theirlessons.
C. She does some shopping for her mother.[来源:学&科&网]
D. She goes home with her friends.
30. What does Jenny do after supper?
A. She watches TV and then goes to bed.
B. She watches TV and does some housework.
C. She watches TV and does her homework.
D. She reads her English and does somesports.
B
My friend Tom lives a happy life. Heusually gets up(1) at 6:00 a. m., and then he goes for a walk. At 7:00 a. m. he comes back. He brushes histeeth and takes a shower.(2)Then he eats breakfast. After breakfast, he goesshopping(购物) with his friends.(3)他大约十点半到家, and then he cooks lunch. After lunch, he goes to the club. Hereads books and plays chess. He eats dinner at home at 6:00 p. m.(4)________ the evening he likeswatching TV. At around 9:00 p. m. he goes to bed.
根据短文内容,完成下列任务。
31. 对文中(1)处画线部分提问:
________________________________________________________
32. 将(2)处画线部分译成汉语:
________________________________________________________
33. 将(3)处画线部分译成英语:
________________________________________________________
34. 将正确的介词填入文中(4)处的横线上。
________________________________________________________
35. 根据短文内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
Tom eats breakfast at 6:30 a. m.()
Tom goes to the club in the afternoon.()
Tom goes to bed at 10:00 p. m.()
四、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空
36. Little Jimmy________(brush) his shoesoften.
37. Jack draws the ________(good) picturesin his class.
38. What time________Jimusually________(get) up?
39. The little boy gets ________(dress)quickly and runs out.
40. The baby only has three________(tooth).
(二)用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
o'clock, group, run, early, fifty
41. It is seven ________. Let's havebreakfast.
42. —I usually get up at 5: 00 in the morning.
—That's so ________.
43. Our teacher asks us to read in________.
44. —You can see ________ students in the room.
—Oh, yes. Thirty boys and twenty girls.
45. —Let's do some sports after school.
—What about ________ in the park?
五、补全对话(每小题2分,共10分)
Maria:What time do you usually get up on Sundays?
Rick:________46
Maria:Why do you get up so early?________47
Rick:________48 I go to the club at six thirty on Sunday mornings.
Maria:What sports do you play in the club?
Rick:I play basketball and swim. At about eight I go home.
Maria:Then what do you do?
Rick:________49 And usually I help my sister with her English.
Maria:Do you watch TV on Sunday evenings?
Rick:Yes, I do. I usually watch TV with my parents.________50
A. We don't go to school on Sundays.
B. We all like to watch TV.
C. I join a sports club.
D. On February the twelfth.
E. I do my homework.
F. We don't like them.
G. At six.
六、综合填空(每小题1分,共10分)
John is a middle school student. He playsbasketball for the Children's basketball club. He u________51 gets up at about5:30 and then brusheshis ________52(tooth). From 5:40 to 6:40 he e________53 in his school. He often runs. After that, he takesa s________54 and then has breakfast at 7 o'clock. For breakfast, he likes eggsand vegetables ________55(well). At about 8:00, he plays basketball ________56 his friends. They play for a longtime. At about a q________57 to 12, they have lunch. For lunch, John has lotsof vegetables, chicken and fruit. He n________58 eats junk food. He thinks itis not healthy. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, John goes ________59(quick) tothe children's basketball club. At n________60, he watches basketball games onTV and then goes to bed at 10:30.
七、书面表达(25分)
根据图表信息完成Paul写给Mary的信,叙述Paul一天的作息安排。70词左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
时间 活动
6:00 a. m. get up
6:30 a. m. eat breakfast
6:50 a. m. go to school
8:00 a. m.—3:00 p. m. have classes
3:30 p. m. play basketball
4:30 p. m. go home
6:30 p. m eat dinner
9:30 p. m. go to bed
Dear Mary,
You want to know about my daily life. Letme tell you. ____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Paul
英语作为我们学习的第一门外语,同时也是三大科之一,学习并掌握这门课程是我们必须做到的,下面是小编给大家带来的七年级英语下册语法重点知识点总结,希望能够帮助到大家!
【知识归纳】
1、Either...or...
either…or…主要用于表示选择,其意为“要么…要么…”“或者…或者…”,用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语.如:
Youcan have either this one or that one.
你拿这个或那个都可以.
Youmust either go at once or wait till tomorrow.
你要么马上走,要么等到明天.
Wecan finish the work either this week or next week.
不是这星期就是下星期我们就可完成这项工作.
特别注意:
either…or…连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”.如:
Eitheryou or I am to go.你或我必须有人去.
Eitherhe or you are right.要么他对,要么你对.
3、Exercise
exercise做锻炼时为不可数名词,如 do exercise
exercise做练习或操讲为可数名词,如do math exercises,do morning/eye exercises
2、job/work
job就是指具体的一份工作,为是可数名词;work做动词时,常指工作状态
如:
What’syour job?
Ihave a wonderful job,it’s so exciting.
A:Whatare you doing right at this moment? B:I'm working!
work作名词有两种意思:
指“工作”时为不可数名词 out of work表示失业;
做可数名词时表示“著作”,如Lun Xun’s works
4、Lots of
Lotsof = a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词
注意:a lot 不能修饰名词,常用来修饰形容词或动词,为副词词性
5、频度副词
频度副词按频度从高到底为
Always–usually(generally)-often- sometimes-seldom- hardly- never
对频度副词提问常用howoften
6、Taste
··taste作动词时,有两种情况:
·taste后可跟名词或代词,意为“尝、品尝某物”。如:
Tomsmelled the mooncake and then tasted it again.
·taste后可跟形容词,意为“尝起来...”,此时它是感官系动词。如:
Themooncakes with nuts taste more delicious than those with sugar.
其他感官系动词:feel,sound, look, smell等
··taste也可作名词,意为“味道、品尝”或“品味”。如:
Pleasehave a taste of this cheese.
Sugarhas a sweet taste.
Hehas a good taste.
【重点短语】
at six thirty 在六点半
after dinner 晚餐后
at night 在夜间
after that 在那之后
a quarter past three in the afternoon 下午三点一刻
be late for work 上班迟到
brush teeth 刷牙
be good for..对.....有益/好处
do (one's) homework 做作业
eat/have breakfast 吃早餐
eatquickly 快速地吃
eat a good breakfast 吃一顿丰盛的早餐
either..or...或者...或者...
from...to...从.....到......
go home 回家
go to school 去上学
go to work 去上班
go to bed (early)(早早)去睡觉
get up 起床
get dressed 穿上衣服
get home 到家
half an hour 半小时
half past six in the morning 早上六点半
lots of/a lot of...大量,许多
on weekends( 在)周末
play/dosports 做运动
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
radio station/show 广播电台/广播节目
take a shower 洗淋浴
take a walk 散步;走一走
【重点句子】
At ten thirty,I brush my teeth and then I go to bed.
十点半,我刷牙,然后上床睡觉。
At twelve,she eat s lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.
到了十二点,午饭她吃很多水果和蔬菜。
Afterschool,I sometimes play basketball for half an hour.
放学后,我有时打半小时的篮球。
After that,I usually exercise at about ten twenty.
在那之后,我通常在10 点20 分左右锻炼。
He works at a radio station.他在一家广播电台工作。
Iusually get up at six thirty.我通常在六点半起床。
I'm never late for work.我上班从来不迟到。
Idon't like to get up early.我不喜欢早起。
Idon't have much time for breakfast,soI usually eat very quickly.
我没有太多的时间吃早饭,所以我通常吃得很快。
In the evening,I either watch TV or play computer games.
晚上,我要么看电视,要么玩电脑游戏。
--Scott ,what time is your radio show? 斯科特,你的广播节目在几点?
--From twelve o'clock at night to six o'clock in the morning.从夜里12点到早上6点。
She knows it's not good for her,but it tastes good!
她知道( 吃冰淇淋)对她不好,但它尝起来很美味!
That's a funny time for breakfast! 那个时间吃早饭真有意思哟!
Whattime do you usually take a shower, Rick? 里克,你通常几点钟洗淋浴?
When do you go to work? 你什么时候去上班?
WhenI get home,I always do my homework first.
当我回到家时,我总是先做作业。
【本单元语法】
一、whattime与when
1.whattime翻译为“几点”问的是具体的时间,一般回答要具体到小时。
Whattime do you go to school? 你什么时候/几点上学?
Igo to school at half past seven o’clock. 我七点半去上学。
注意时间点前要加介词“at”
2.when也是提问时间,但与what time的区别是:
用when提问,回答既可以是具体的时间,也可以是不具体的时间,
如:in themorning/afternoon/evening,lastyear,in 1998等范围大的时间,例如:
Whendoes he take a shower?他什么时候洗澡?
Hetakes a shower in the evening. 他在晚上洗澡。
也可用具体时间:
Itake a shower at 6 o’clock in the evening. 我晚上六点洗澡。
3.问时间点只能用what time,如What time is it?
二、频率副词的使用用法
几个常见频率副词的用法
★always
always意为“总是”,与进行时态连用时,也可用来表达喜爱、厌恶等感情色彩。
e.g.
Ishall always remember my first day at school. 我将永远记住我上学的第一天。
Heis always smoking. 他总是抽烟。(厌恶情感)
Sheis always so elegant.她总是如此高雅。(赞美情感)
★usually
usually可以指通常的动作,侧重已经形成的习惯。
e.g.
Iusually do some shopping with my parents on Sundays.
我通常在星期天和我的父母一起去买东西。
Heusually goes to school by bike. 他通常骑自行车上学。
★often
often是指经常性的动作,意思为“常常, 经常”。
e.g.
Childrendon't often do homework. 孩子们经常不写作业。
Heis often late for school. 他经常上学迟到。
★sometimes
sometimes意思为“有时,不时”,表示次数较少(低于often所表达的次数),常常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
e.g.
Sometimeshe goes to work by bike, and sometimes he goes by bus.
有时候他骑自行车上班,有时候他乘公共汽车上班。
SometimesI helped my parents in the house. 有时候我帮助父母做家务。
★hardly
hardly意思为“难得, 几乎从来不”,它所表示的次数非常少。
e.g.
Hehardly drinks. 他几乎不喝酒。
Shehardly plays cards. 她几乎不打牌。
特别注意:hard与hardly为形近词,但是在意义上并无关联
Hard做形容词时意为“坚硬的,困难的”
做副词时意为“努力地,刻苦地”
★never
never意思为“决不, 从未”,表示一次也没有。
e.g.
Henever lives there. 他从来都没有在那儿住过。
Shenever has anything to do. 她一向无所事事。
图示:
always | usually | often | sometimes | never |
100% 70—80% 60-70% 30-40% 0
它们均属于“模糊频率”,无法表示具体次数
★但是以下这些频率副词可以准确地表达事情发生的频率。
Once一次 twice两次 基数词+times...次
单元检测
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
1. —________does Mr. Wang usually go to bed?
— At nine.
A. What time B. How time
C. Who D.How
2. —David, when do you get up every day?
—I usually get up________ half past six. I'm never late for school.
A. in B.at
C. on D.during
3. Look at the clock. It's six fifteen.
A. fifteen to five
B. fifteen past six
C. a quarter to six
D. a quarter past five
4. You can either take a bus ________ gothere on foot.
A. and B.or
C. but D.so
5. He wants to ________ as (作为) a teacher. He thinks it's aninteresting ________.
A. work; work B. works; job
C. work; job D. works; work
6. We have ________ things to do this week,but I think we have ________ time to do them.
A. much; a lot of B. a lot of; many
C. many; lots of D. lots of; many
7. The twins ________school in the morning.
A. is often late for B. are often late for
C. often are late to D. often is late to
8. — ________ he go to work early?
— Yes, he ________to work very early.[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
A. Do;go B. Does;go
C. Does;goes D. Do;goes
9. Rick takes a walk in the park everymorning.
A. has B.runs
C. goes D.eats
10. To wash hands before meals is good________ our health.
A. with B.for
C. of D.at
11. The mooncake tastes ________, and itsells ________.
A. good; well B. good; good
C. well; well D. well;good
12. My father usually works very late________.
A. on night B.in night
C. at night D.with night
13. It's a ________ story. We all like itvery much.
A. bad B.funny
C. interesting D. early
14. He usually has a ________ breakfast,and then goes to work ________.
A. quick; quickly
B. quick; quick
C. quickly; quickly
D. quickly; quick
15. The old man often takes a walk alone(独自), but ________ with his dog.
A. always B.usually
C. sometimes D. never
二、完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)
David has a happy family. In the morning hegets up ________16 5:30. He takes a shower and then he eatsbreakfast at six ________17.His parents get up at 5:00. They usually take a walk at 5:30. Then they ________18 breakfast.
In the afternoon, David ________19 home at4:30. He and hisparents have dinner at six. In the evening, David likes watching TV. But hisparents ask him to do ________20 homework first. He goes to bed at 9:00.[来源:学科网]
________21, David doesn't go to school andhis parents don't go to work. They ________22 their house at home. They________23 in the park to keep (保持) healthy. They also make nice food. It ________24 good. They have ahappy ________25.
16. A. in B.on C. at D. for
17. A. clock B. hour C. hours D. o'clock
18. A. have B.eats C. Has D. eating
19. A. comes to B. comes back C. come to D. come back
20. A. he B.David C. their D. his
21. A. In weekend B. On weekends C.Weekend D. Weekends
22. A. make B.play C. clean D. watch
23. A. stop B.sit C. talk D. exercise
24. A. tastes B. sounds C. feels D. watches
25. A. job B.life C. walk D. night
三、阅读理解 (每小题2分,共20分)
A
Jenny gets up early in the morning. She hasbreakfast and then goes to school. She walks to the bus stop and takes a bus.She gets to school at about half past seven.
Jenny is never late for school. She likesher school and works hard. Classes begin at 8:00.She has six classes every day. Jenny is good at all her lessons,and she likes English best.
Usually Jenny has lunch at school. She goeshome at five in the afternoon. Sometimes, she helps her friends with theirlessons after school. After supper she usually watches TV. Then she does herhomework. he goes to bed at about 9:30.Jenny is a good girl.
26. Where does Jenny have breakfast?
A. She has breakfast at home.
B. She has breakfast at school.
C. She has breakfast on her way to school.
D. She has breakfast on the bus.
27. How does Jenny do in her lessons?
A. She doesn't like going to school.
B. She can't do her lessons.
C. She does very well in her lessons.
D. She doesn't know her lessons at all.
28. How many hours does Jenny stay at school?
A. She is at school for about seven hours.
B. She is at school for about seven and ahalf hours.
C. She is at school for about eight hours.
D. She is at school for about nine and ahalf hours.
29. What does Jenny sometimes do afterschool?
A. She has supper with her classmates atschool.
B. She helps her friends with theirlessons.
C. She does some shopping for her mother.[来源:学&科&网]
D. She goes home with her friends.
30. What does Jenny do after supper?
A. She watches TV and then goes to bed.
B. She watches TV and does some housework.
C. She watches TV and does her homework.
D. She reads her English and does somesports.
B
My friend Tom lives a happy life. Heusually gets up(1) at 6:00 a. m., and then he goes for a walk. At 7:00 a. m. he comes back. He brushes histeeth and takes a shower.(2)Then he eats breakfast. After breakfast, he goesshopping(购物) with his friends.(3)他大约十点半到家, and then he cooks lunch. After lunch, he goes to the club. Hereads books and plays chess. He eats dinner at home at 6:00 p. m.(4)________ the evening he likeswatching TV. At around 9:00 p. m. he goes to bed.
根据短文内容,完成下列任务。
31. 对文中(1)处画线部分提问:
________________________________________________________
32. 将(2)处画线部分译成汉语:
________________________________________________________
33. 将(3)处画线部分译成英语:
________________________________________________________
34. 将正确的介词填入文中(4)处的横线上。
________________________________________________________
35. 根据短文内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
Tom eats breakfast at 6:30 a. m.()
Tom goes to the club in the afternoon.()
Tom goes to bed at 10:00 p. m.()
四、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)
(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空
36. Little Jimmy________(brush) his shoesoften.
37. Jack draws the ________(good) picturesin his class.
38. What time________Jimusually________(get) up?
39. The little boy gets ________(dress)quickly and runs out.
40. The baby only has three________(tooth).
(二)用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
o'clock, group, run, early, fifty
41. It is seven ________. Let's havebreakfast.
42. —I usually get up at 5: 00 in the morning.
—That's so ________.
43. Our teacher asks us to read in________.
44. —You can see ________ students in the room.
—Oh, yes. Thirty boys and twenty girls.
45. —Let's do some sports after school.
—What about ________ in the park?
五、补全对话(每小题2分,共10分)
Maria:What time do you usually get up on Sundays?
Rick:________46
Maria:Why do you get up so early?________47
Rick:________48 I go to the club at six thirty on Sunday mornings.
Maria:What sports do you play in the club?
Rick:I play basketball and swim. At about eight I go home.
Maria:Then what do you do?
Rick:________49 And usually I help my sister with her English.
Maria:Do you watch TV on Sunday evenings?
Rick:Yes, I do. I usually watch TV with my parents.________50
A. We don't go to school on Sundays.
B. We all like to watch TV.
C. I join a sports club.
D. On February the twelfth.
E. I do my homework.
F. We don't like them.
G. At six.
六、综合填空(每小题1分,共10分)
John is a middle school student. He playsbasketball for the Children's basketball club. He u________51 gets up at about5:30 and then brusheshis ________52(tooth). From 5:40 to 6:40 he e________53 in his school. He often runs. After that, he takesa s________54 and then has breakfast at 7 o'clock. For breakfast, he likes eggsand vegetables ________55(well). At about 8:00, he plays basketball ________56 his friends. They play for a longtime. At about a q________57 to 12, they have lunch. For lunch, John has lotsof vegetables, chicken and fruit. He n________58 eats junk food. He thinks itis not healthy. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, John goes ________59(quick) tothe children's basketball club. At n________60, he watches basketball games onTV and then goes to bed at 10:30.
七、书面表达(25分)
根据图表信息完成Paul写给Mary的信,叙述Paul一天的作息安排。70词左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
时间 活动
6:00 a. m. get up
6:30 a. m. eat breakfast
6:50 a. m. go to school
8:00 a. m.—3:00 p. m. have classes
3:30 p. m. play basketball
4:30 p. m. go home
6:30 p. m eat dinner
9:30 p. m. go to bed
Dear Mary,
You want to know about my daily life. Letme tell you. ____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Paul
初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的,但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小,容易被忽视,但这些知识点掌握不熟练,往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。下面小编从几个方面,总结出了初一英语语法,如果要复习英语句法的同学,可以参考一下。
1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:
Be 动词:She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情态动词:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
3. 形容词的用法:
形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语,用于限定被修饰语的特征,如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等。
The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。
--I want that one. 我想要那个。
--Which one? 哪一个?
--The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗?
4、人称代词:
是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。
主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语
宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作
宾语
He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。
Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?
5、可数名词和不可数名词
英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。
(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
6、祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t.
Stand up, please. 请起立。
Don’t worry. 别担心。
can的用法:
can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定形式为cannot,可缩写为can’t.
She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。
I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。
Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗?
7、现在进行时态:
概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。
结构:由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成,其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。
Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。
--What are you doing now?你现在在干什么?
--I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。
Are they drawing the pictures now?他们正在画画吗?
动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的,规则变化如下:
动词ing形式叫动词现在分词,其构成如下:
1)直接在动词后加ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing
2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing
make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing
run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming
注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now,只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。
She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。
Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗?
Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?
8、have/ has的用法:
1)谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。
It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
2)have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。
They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。
There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
3)have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)
. She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。
We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。
Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
4)一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t.
--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?
--No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。
--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。
What do they have? 他们有什么?
What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?
9、介词用法:
1)具体时间前介词用at。
He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。
She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。
2)表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。
in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上
at noon在中午,at night在夜里
3)表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日,家长们带着孩子去公园。
4)在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?
He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。
10、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征或状态。
其动词形式是:动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外,要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does
1)肯定句用行为动词原形表示
They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。
I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。
2)否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示
We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。
I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。
3)一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。
–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?
--No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。
一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常,always 总是,sometimes 有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。
He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。
I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。
She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。
It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。
主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时
一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s或-es。
He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。
The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。
转换成否定句要加doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。
Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。
He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。
转换成一般疑问句,句首用Does,其后的动词用原形。
Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗?
Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?
英语学习最重要的是词汇量的积累,再次就是语法的学习,语法可以将所学的词汇灵活运用,下面是小编给大家带来的初一英语语法用法复习总结,希望能够帮助到大家!
1.形容词的用法
形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语,用于限定被修饰语的特征,如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等。“限定词”包括:冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词,它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位,即:前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数;中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等;后位限定词有基数词和序数词,但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income 等。
“描绘”性形容词如:beautiful、bad、cold、great 等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。
表示“形状”的词如:round square 等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。
“材料”的词如:wooden, woolen, stone,silk 等。
“作用类别”的词如:medical, college,writing desk,police car 等。
The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。
--I want that one. 我想要那个。
--Which one? 哪一个?
--The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗?
2、人称代词:
是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they 在句子中作主语。宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them 在句子中作宾语
He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。
Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?
3、可数名词和不可数名词
英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。
(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或somemany 等 修 饰 。 如 : a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens
(2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用 some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短 语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water
4、祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾 语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加 Don't Stand up, please. 请起立。 Don’t worry. 别担心。can 的用法:can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定 形式为 cannot,可缩写为 can’t. She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的 名字了。 Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗?
5、现在进行时态:
概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。
结构:由 be 动词(am, is, are) + 动词 ing 构成,其中 be 动词要与主语保持性数一致。 Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。
--What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么?
--I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。
Are they drawing the pictures now? 他们正在画画吗? 动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的,规则变化如下:
1) 直接在动词后加 ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing
2) 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词,先去 e,再加 ing
make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing
run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming 注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,
一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进 行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是 now;但有不少句子并没有 now, 只能通过提示语如 look、listen 等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。
She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。
--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗?
--Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?
6、have/ has 的用法:
1) 谓语动词 have 表示“有”,有两种形式:have 和 has,前者用于第一人称(I, we), 第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。
I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。
It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
2) have/has 句型与 there be 句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示 所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。
They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。
There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。 She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。
There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
3)have/ has 的否定句,一般要加助动词 do/ does,再加 not 构成,即 do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)
. She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。
We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。 Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
4)一般疑问句由“助动词 Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用 Yes, … do/ does.或者 No, … don’t/ doesn’t.
--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?
--No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。
--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?
--Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词 do/ does + have (+状语)构成。
What do they have? 他们有什么?
What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?
7、介词用法:
1)具体时间前介词用 at。
He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。 She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。
2)表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词 in,且定冠词 the 不能省略; 表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用 at,不加冠词。
in the morning 在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上 at noon 在中午,at night 在夜里
3)表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词 on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃 饭吗?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看 DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日,家长们带着孩子去公园。
4) 在 this, last, next, every 等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?
He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。 She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。
8、一般现在时
3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词 do 提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用“Yes,主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。
–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?
--No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。
一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常, always 总是,sometimes 有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。
He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。
I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。 She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。 It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。 主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时
一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s 或-es。
He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。 The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。
转换成否定句要加 doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。
Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不 早。
He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。 转换成一般疑问句,句首用 Does,其后的动词用原形。Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗? Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?
学习好英语是我们看世界的一个方式,英语尤其重要的是语法的学习,下面是小编给大家带来的初一英语语法知识点总结复习,希望能够帮助到大家!
一. 动词be(am,is,are)的用法:
be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析:I am+…
例句:I am Snoopy.
I am ten years old.
I am a student.
I am a boy.
②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+…
例句:You are my good friend.
You are a good teacher.
You are beautiful
③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析:She(He, It) is +……
例句:She is a good girl.
She is so tall.
She is short.
④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We (You, They) are +……
例句We are in Class 5,Grade 7.
They are my friends.
You are good students.
用法口诀:
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
对应练习:
一. 用括号中适当的词填空。
1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.
2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.
3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.
4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.
5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?
6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?
7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.
8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.
二、人称代词
表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:
人称 | 单数 | 复数 | ||
主格 | 宾格 | 主格 | 宾格 | |
第一人称 | I | me | we | us |
第二人称 | you | you | you | you |
第三人称 | he | him | they | them |
she | her | |||
it | it |
人称代词主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.
We/You/They are students.
人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)
三、物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。
数 人称 类别 | 单数 | 复数 | ||||||
第一 人称 | 第二 人称 | 第三 人称 | 第一 人称 | 第二人称 | 第三 人称 | |||
形容词性物主 代词 | my | your | his | her | its | our | your | their |
名词性物主代词 | mine | yours | his | hers | its | ours | yours | theirs |
汉语 | 我的 | 你的 | 他的 | 她的 | 它的 | 我们的 | 你们的 | 他(她、它)们的 |
形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如:
Is this your book?
No,,it isn’t, it’s hers(her book)
This pen is mine.
代词练习
一、用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.
二、用适当的代词填空 1.We like ________ (he, his , him) very much. 2.Is this guitar ________ (you, your, yours)? 3.________(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li. 4.Father bought a desk for ________ (I, my, me, mine). 5.________ (It, It's, Its) is very cold today. 6.Is this your book, Mike? Yes ,________(we, you, they )are. 7.Are you and Tom classmates? Yes, ________(we, you ,they )are. 8.Each of the students ________( have, has) a pen pal. 9.He has a dog. I want to have ________(it, one ),too. 10.Her parents are ________ (both, all ,either )teachers. 11.The text is easy for you .There are ________( few, a few ,little,a little) new words in it. 12.I want ________( some, any) bananas. Give me these big ________(one, ones). |
四、陈述句
1、 概念:说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子,句末用句号。
2、 分类:陈述句根据其语法结构,可大体分为“主语+谓语”和“主语+连系动词+表语”两种;而从语气的角度分,又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句
(1)“主语+谓语”结构
①肯定陈述句
I like that book.我喜欢那本书。(陈述一个事实)
I really agree.我确实同意。(陈述一个观点)
②否定陈述句
I did not buy the TV.我没有买那个电视。(陈述一个事实)
(2)主语+连系动词+表语结构
①肯定陈述名
The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。(陈述观点)
②否定陈述句
Smoking is not good for your health.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。(陈述一个事实)
3、 陈述句的否定结构:
陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达:
(1)句子的谓语动词为be , have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时,其否定结构为:
主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词 + not + 其他成分
I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。
We have not (haven`t) any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。
The children are not (aren`t) playing in the playground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。
He will not (won`t) come. 他不会来。
We must not (mustn`t) forget the past. 我们不能忘记过去。
It could not (couldn`t) be lost. 它不可能丢的。
(2) 当句子的谓语动词是do (即行为动词),而且没有助动词或情态动词时,其否定结构为:主语+do (does,did) + not + 动词原形 + 其他成分
You do not (don`t) come here every day . 你没有每天都来这里。
He does not (doesn`t) teach this class . 他不教这个班。
They did not(didn`t) watch TV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。
注意:陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时,用升调,在书面上要用问号来表示。
You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗?
这句话表示的是一种疑问,只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的
五、疑问句
疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子,句末用问号“?”。常考的疑问句有四类,即:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。
(1)一般疑问句
一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答,所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。在读这种句子时
要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型:
1、“be + 主语 + 表语”结构
— Are you sleepy ? 你困了吗?
— Yes, I am . 是的,我困了。
2、“情态动词 + 主语言+ 行为动词(或be)”结构
— May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用这部电话吗?
— Yes, you can. 是的,可以。
3、“助动词(do, does, did)+ 主语 + 行为动词”结构
— Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜欢夏天游泳吗?
— No, I don`t . 不,我不喜欢。
难点提示
回答否定性一般疑问句时,要在Yes 后面用肯定结构,表示肯定;在No 后面用否定结构,表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候,只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。
— Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗?
—Yes, he is . 不,他是(我的哥哥)。No, he is not. 是的,他不是(我的哥哥)。
— Isn`t she very clever? 她难道不是很聪明吗?
— Yes, she is. 不,她很聪明。— No, she is not . 是,她不聪明。
(2)特殊疑问句
一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句,要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答,不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用Yes 或No 来回答,特殊疑问句要用降调来读。
二、特殊疑问句的结构:
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
Who do English homework in the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业?
What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么?
What homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么家庭作业?
When do you do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业?
三、注意:
对人提问时who“谁”
对所属(谁的)提问用whose“谁的”
对哪一个提问用which“哪一个”
对时间提问用when“什么时候”或what time“几点”
对物体提问用what“什么”
对地点提问用where“哪里”
对原因提问用why“为什么”
对方式提问用how“怎么样”
对数量提问用how many“多少”(用于可数名词复数)或how much“多少”(用于不可数名词)
四、难点提示
1、 以why开头的特殊疑问句否定形式常用于表示建议、请求等。Why don`t you have a try? 你为什么不试试呢?
2、 特殊疑问句常用到一些缩略形式,在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。
I don`t want to go there. How about you? 我不想去那儿,你呢?
But what else? 可是还有什么呢?
1、把下列句子变成否定句:
1. I am listening to music. ___________
2. Mike is a student. ______________________
3.Sarah can clean the classroom. _______________
4. They are in the zoo. ____________________
5. There are some flowers in the vase.____________
6. This is my sister. _________________________
7. We are sweeping the floor._____________________
8. We need some masks. _________________________
9. They like making the puppet. ___________________
10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.
_____________________________
11. I put a book on my head.
_________________________________
12. They sing “In the classroom” together.
__________________________________
13. We play basketball on Sundays.
________________________________
14. Tom likes listening to music
______________________________
2、把下列句子变成一般疑问句
1. I am listening to music. __________
2. Mike is a student. ___________________
3. Sarah can clean the classroom._______________
4. They are in the zoo. _______________________
5. There are some flowers in the vase.___________
6. This is my sister. ________________________
7. We are sweeping the floor._____________________
8. We need some masks. ______________________
9. They like making the puppet. _______________
10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.
_________________________________________________
11. I put a book on my head.
_________________________________________________
12. They sing “In the classroom” together.
_______________________________________________
13. We play basketball on Sundays.
_________________________________________________
14. Tom likes listening to music
____________________________________________
六.have作实义动词
1.表示“有”的意思
Look, I have wings, just like you.
He had fair hair and blue eyes.
〔注1〕:其否定和疑问形式变化,在美国通常用助动词do。
〔注2〕:在英国口语中常用have got代替have.
Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,
I haven't got any jewelry.
2.have和一些其他名词连用,表示:
(1)一种活动。
We have no classes on Sunday.(上课)
they’re going to have a volleyball match.(举行比赛)
Are we going to have a meeting this week?(开会)
We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(听报告)
(2)患病。
I have got a headache.
I have a bad cold.
(3)发生的情况。
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(跌跤)
(4)生育。
The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.
3.和一与动词同形的名词连用,表示一个动作(have+a+由动词转化和名词)
Are you going to have a swim.
I have a long talk with the teacher.
4.have on sth.或have sth. on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)
I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.
At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.
5.表示“吃”、“喝”
I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.
Does she have lunch at home?
6.组成复合结构即“have+宾语+宾语补足语”
(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.),表示让、叫某人做某事。
The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
〔注〕:否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.
We won't have you blame it on others.
She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing),表示让(使)某人做某事。
…the two men had their lights burning all night long….
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done),表示:
①使(让,请)别人作某事,表示的动作是别人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.
…he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.
②遭遇到某事。
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.
七、英语名词单数变复数的规则
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories
四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes
反例:silo→silos; piano→pianos(外来词); photo→photos; macro→macros(缩写词)
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。
读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例:knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves
反例:roof→roofs
六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词),通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。
读音变化:尾音[Es]改读[ai],其中[kEs]要改读为[sai],[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。
例:fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti
七、以-is结尾的名词,通常将-is改变为-es。
读音变化:尾音[is]改读[i:z]。
例:axis→axes; basis→bases; naris→nares; hypothesis→hypotheses; restis→restes
八、以-ix结尾的名词,通常将-ix改变为-ices,但有例外。
读音变化:尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。
例:matrix→matrices; directrix→directrices; calix→calices; appendix→appendices 反例:affix→affixes
九、以-um结尾的名词,将-um改变为-a。
读音变化:去掉鼻尾音。
例:forum→fora; stadium→stadia; aquarium→aquaria; datum→data; vacuum→vacua
十、以-a结尾的名词,在该词末尾加上后辍-e。
读音变化:尾音[E]改读[i:]。
例:larva→larvae; formula→formulae; ala→alae; media→mediae; hydra→hydrae
十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。
读音变化:保持原音。
例:fish→fish; sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer; salmon→salmon
十二、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。
读音变化:没有规律。
例:man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people; ox→oxen
十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词:
例:ox→oxen; child→children; brother→brethren
十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词
例:analysis→analyses分析; basis→bases基础; datum→data数据; foot→feet;
formula→formulae/formulas公式; goose→geese; louse→lice虱子; man→men
mouse→mice; medium→media/mediums媒介; memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;
parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号; phenomenon→phenomena现象; radius→radii 半径
tooth→teeth; woman→women
十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的
例:deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鲑鱼; trout 鳟鱼
十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词
例:abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture家具; machinery机械; news; scenery风景; sugar;
traffic交通
十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多
例:bellows风箱; clothes; police; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼镜; shears大剪刀
trousers长裤; wages工资
十八、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示
例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇; father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父
man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰; maid-servant→maid-servants
step-son→step-sons晚子; son-in-law→sons-in-law
十九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词
例:pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
二十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,
例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
二十一、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
例:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes
但下面几类词只加s:
1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾词如:videos,radios,studios,folios
2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos
3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos
有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)
名词由单数变成复数的练习
写出下列名词复数
leaf______ puppy_______ box_______ knife_______ fly______ fox______ bus______ bench_____ brush_____ kiss______ church______ dish_____ ruler______ peach________ glass_____ pencil________ boy______ zoo______ man______ roof_______ sheep_______ knife______ lady______ key______ story______ watch______ bamboo______ city______ family______ day_____ apple_______ eraser______ speech______ thief______ mouse______ fish_____ goose____ people ______ ox_____ Chinese _______ deer _______ foot______ child_______ tooth_______ guy________ hero_______ spy______ boss_____ monkey______ city ______ goat ______ radio ________ horse ______ dog ______
用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空:
1>There are so many________(wolf)in the forest.
2>There are three ______(chair) in the classroom.
3>These _______(tomato) are red.
4>______(hero) are great.
5>My brother looks after two ______(baby)
6>There are some ______(deer) eating the grass.
7>My father likes to eat _______(potato).
8>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles.
9>I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.
10>I help my mother wash ______(dish) in the kitchen.
11>I have two ______(pencil-box).
12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.
13>Peter has eight _____(foot).
14>Linda has three _______(tooth).
15>There are some ______(child) in the garden.
16>Michael likes the ______(mouse).
17>There are some ______(goose)in the river.
18>My uncle and father are _____(man).
19>Tom and King are _____(boy).
20>Linda has three ______(tooth).
八、现在进行时
1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。
Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵闹。我正在写作文。
Let's set off. It isn’t raining now. 咱们出发吧。现在不下雨了。
这类情况常与now现在,at the present现在,at the moment现在,today今天,this week这个星期,this year今年等时间状语连用。有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态,如:
It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。
Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点!我们大家都等着你。
Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他们在那边的树底下看书。
Listen! She is singing in the room. 听!她在房间里唱歌。
Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凯特在哪里?她在房间里看书。
Why are you crying? Is something wrong?
为什么哭呢?有什么不对?
2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作。
We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作。
They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典。
这类情况常与today今天,this week这个星期,this evening今天晚上,these days现在、目前等时间状语连用。
3,在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作。
They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。
Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗?
这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人。
4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩。
He's always quarrelling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架。
She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。
The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题。
这类情况常与always总是,usually通常,continually不断的,constantly经常的,forever永远、老是等副词连用。
5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义。用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情。
How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感觉如何?
I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来。
Why are you looking(do you look)so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢?
6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”的含义。此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外,一般不和其他时间副词连用的。
Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了。
The leaves are turning red. 树叶渐渐地变红了。
The war is ending. 战争接近尾声了。
Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一会儿,我的晚饭就要吃完了。
适合于此种用法的动词有:bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成,begin开始,forget忘记,remember记得,die死,finish完成,find发现,rise增强等.
7,“be”动词的现在进行时。“be”动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的。
He is being foolish. 他在装傻。
He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实。
She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁。
I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私。
适合于此种用法的有:foolish愚蠢的,nice好的,kind好心的,careful细心的,patient耐心的,lazy懒惰的,silly傻的,rude粗鲁的,polite礼貌的,impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词。(“be”动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为,纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时,“be”动词不能用于现在进行时)如:
I am happy.(表语是纯粹的心理状态,不可用am being) 我很快乐。
He's tired.(表语是纯粹的生理状态,不可用is being) 他很疲倦。
It's hot today.(主语不是人,不可用is being) 今天很热。 常和现在进行时连用的时间状语
用法实例:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如:Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如:Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
一般结构:
肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.
否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.
一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
对一般疑问句作答,肯定回答:yes,主语+be,否定回答:no,主语+be not
对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况回答。
Eg:They are working these days. He is buying a bike.
They aren’t working these days. He isn’t buying a bike.
Are they working these days? Is he buying a bike?
What are they doing these days? What is he doing ?
现在分词的变法有
1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing
Jump——jumping
go——going
pushing——pushing
play——playing
2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing.
Take——takeing
leave——leaving
write——writing
have——having
3、.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写,再加上-ing.
Cut—cutting
put—putting
stop—stopping
fit—fitting
begin—beginning
forget—forgetting
4.以ie结尾的词,将ie变为y再加ing
Lie—lying
练习:
尽管现在进行时比较简单,但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误,常见的错误有如下几种:
1、 Look! He _____their mother do the housework.
A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping
2 、_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.
A .Who B .How C.What D.Where
3、 Don’t talk here. My mother _____.
A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep
4 、Danny ______. Don’t call him.
A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes
5 、–When_____he_____back?
– Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming
6、 It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____(lie)in bed.
7、 What____he _____(mend)?
8、 We _____(play)games now.
9、 What ____you____(do) thesse days?
10、 ____he ___(clean) the classroom?
11、 Who____(sing)in the next room?
12、The girl____(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She ____(wear)a red sweater today.
答案:1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing
5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing
注意:
把动词变成现在分词形式易出错
例:1、They are swiming.(swim)
2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.
答案:1.swimming 2 .playing
丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词
例:1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.
2 、Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.
答案:1 are flying 2 isn’t reading
解析:现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为: “be+现在分词,缺一不可”。这一点必须牢记。
对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing
例:1 、The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)
What are the students in the room?答案:What are the students doing in the room?
解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+其它?”
现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视or后用现在分词形式
例:孩子们在跑还是在跳?
Are the children running or jump?答案:Are the children running or jumping?
解析: or连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。
如果把学初中英语的人比喻成建筑师的话,词汇是砖瓦,语法则是架构。由此可见,没有正确的架构,是建不起高楼的。接下来小编为大家介绍初一英语学习的相关内容,一起来看看吧!
单词
一直以来,在初中英语的学习方面,很长一段时间专业老师都会把单词的学习作为重点,初中也不例外。我们一定要记住,单词记忆切忌孤立地,单纯地背诵单词。
我们中学最习惯的背诵方法就是背拼写,这样只是记住了几个孤立的字母而并没有记住单词,过不了几天就会把这个单词忘掉。
活你的语法
结合学过的语法项目,可以稍微做一下回顾。比如本学期学了哪些句型?当我们回顾定语从句的时候,首先就要知道什么守系代词,什么守系副词。
当我们学习名词性从句时,也应该懂得哪些从句的陈述句可以省略that,哪些不可以省。当我们学习一般过去时的时候,不仅可以描述一下上周末做过的事情,而且可以思考一下它和现在完成时的区别。
如果把学初中英语的人比喻成建筑师的话,词汇是砖瓦,语法则是架构。由此可见,没有正确的架构,是建不起高楼的。
语法的薄弱,要做到自己归纳和总结,可以从句子的结构出发看状语从句、名词性从句、系表结构……不要单纯的从词性来理解——很繁琐复杂,不利于记忆。接下来小编为大家介绍初一英语学习的相关内容,一起来看看吧!
初一英语语法难点总结
宾语从句
1. 宾语从句的含义
充当主句宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.
她知道这位老师看过这部电影。
“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。
2. 宾语从句的分类
(1)动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
(2)介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。
(3)形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
如:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。
3. 引导宾语从句的连接词
(1)that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分
(2)whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。
(3)连接代词:what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)
连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语)
这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语)
你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗?
4. 在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点
(1)时态:
①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
②当主句数去时态时,宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,任何时候都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。
(2)语序:
任何从句都使用陈述句语序,宾语从句当然也不例外。
同学们只要掌握了以上内容,应对宾语从句的题目就不成问题了。
介词by的用法
1. 意为“在……旁”,“靠近”。
Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake.
有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。
2. 意为“不迟于”,“到……时为止”。
Your son will be all right by supper time.
你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。
How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term?
到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲?
3. 表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。
The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.
猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。
The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.
孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。
4. 表示“逐个”,“逐批”的意思。
One by one they went past the table in the dark.
他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。
5. 表示“根据”,“按照”的意思。
What time is it by your watch?
你的表几点了?
6. 和take , hold等动词连用,说明接触身体的某一部分。
I took him by the hand.
我拉住了他的手。
7. 用于被动句中,表示行为主体,常译作“被”、“由”等。
English is spoken by many people.
英语被许多人说。(即“许多人讲英语。”)
used to的用法
used to 意为过去常常做某事。
used to 的用法
1. 肯定句:used这个词没有人称的变化,to后面接动词原形。
否定句是didn’t use to….
When I was a child, I didn’t use to like apples.
当我还是孩子的时候我不喜欢苹果。
疑问形式是Did you use to…?
Where did you use to live before you came here?
当你来这儿之前你住哪儿?
2. 含有used to 的句子的反意疑问句不要usedn’t + 主语,而用didn’t + 主语。
——He used to smoke, didn’t he?
——他过去常常吸烟,是吗?
Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.
是的,他吸。/ 不,他不吸。
被动语态
被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化。被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变。
1. 各种时态的被动语态结构如下
一般现在时的被动语态:主语+am / is / are (not)+过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态:主语+was / were +过去分词
现在完成时的被动语态:主语+have / has +been +过去分词
一般将来时的被动语态:主语+will +be +过去分词
过去将来时的被动语态:主语+would / should + be +过去分词
过去进行时的被动语态:主语+was / were + being +过去分词
过去完成时的被动语态:主语+had + been +过去分词
情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词
2. 被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语。
Football is played widely all over the world.
全世界都广泛地踢足球。
(2)强调动作的承受者。
The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。
(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型。
It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in theUSA.
据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。
3. 主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤
(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语
(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词
(3)原来的主语,如果需要的话,放在by后面;如果没必要,可省略。
must/could/might/can
1. must
(1)must 表示主观看法,意为“必须”。
如:You must stay here until I come back.
Must I hand in my homework right now?
对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to .
如:—Must I finish my homework?
—No, you needn’t.
(2)must也可以表示有把握的推测,意为“ 一定,肯定”,用于肯定句。
如: The light is on, so he must be at home now
其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”。
如:You mustn’t play with fire.
You mustn’t be late.
2. could
(1)can的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力。
如:He could write poems when he was 10.
(2)could在疑问句中,表示委婉请求的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。
如:Could you do me a favour?
—Could I use your pen?
—Yes, you can.(注意回答)
3. might
might为may的过去式。might表示推测时,表示可能性低于may(此时might没有过去式的意思),当请求讲时,比may的语气更委婉。
He is away from school. He might be sick.
Might I use your dictionary?
4. can
(1)表示能力,一般译为“能、会”,尤其指生来具备的能力。
如:She can swim fast, but I can’t .
(2)表示许可,常在口语中。
如:You can use my dictionary.
(3)表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t译为“不可能”。
如:—Can the news be true?
—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.
定语从句
1. 定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
2. 定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
3. 定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
4. 关系代词的用法
(1)that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
(2)which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
(3)who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is fromEngland.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
4. 关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.
这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.
这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
虚拟语气
如果我们所说的不是事实,而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气。
注意:条件句分两种,真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟(非真实)条件句中,才用虚拟语气;而在真实条件句中,要用陈述语气。请比较:
(1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.
如果明天天气好,我们将会去公园。
在这句话中,明天天气好是完全有可能实现的,并非虚拟、幻想,因此是真实条件句,在本句中,适用“主将从现。”
(2)If I were you , I would go at once.
如果我是你的话,我立刻就走。
在这句话中,条件句“如果我是你”,但事实上,我不可能成为你,这只是假设的情况,没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表示。
虚拟语气表示和现在的事实相反,从句用一般过时,主句用 “should/would/could/ might +动词原形。
If I had time, I would go for a walk.
If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.
If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.
If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.
注意:在虚拟语气的句子中,be动词只能用were,不能用was。
动词不定式
动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to。
动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。
1. 用作主语
直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语—动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。
It is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.
尽最大努力处理这些问题是我们的责任。
The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.
校长说,和他妈妈谈一谈很有必要。
How to learn English well is important.
如何学好英语很重要。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实;百闻不如一见。
2. 用作表语
动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
The best way is to join an English club.
最好的办法是加入一个英语俱乐部。
The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.
首先是要认真听老师讲课。
3. 用作宾语
(1)可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:
要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree);
期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn);
宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know);
希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.
我们决定和一些学生谈谈他们去那里的原因。
He prefers to eat white bread and rice.
他更喜欢吃白面包和白米饭。
I‘d love to visitMexico.
我想要去参观墨西哥。
(2)动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语—动词不定式,句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do....
I find it difficult to remember everything.
我发现记住所有事情很难。
(3)既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。
一般说来,动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程,v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格,特别是美国英语,即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。
Then I started to watch TV.
然后我开始看电视。
I am beginning to understand my parents.
我开始理解我的父母。
I like to eat vegetables.
我喜欢吃蔬菜。
(4)后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发生;后接ving形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。
stop to do停下来做另外一件事,to do是目的状语;stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事,doing是宾语;
try to do尽力做,try doing试试看;
go on to do接着做另外的事,go on doing继续做原来的事。
When I left home, I forgot to bring it with me.
我离开家时,忘记带上它了。
I stopped using them last year.
去年,我停止使用它们。
4. 用作定语
(1)表示将来。
The question to be discussed next meeting is a difficult one.
下次会议要讨论的这个问题非常难。
(2)当被修饰词是最高级或序数词或被其修饰时。
He is always the first man to come to the office.
他总是第一个来到办公室。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作最好的人选。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时。
This is the best way to work out the maths problem.
这是解决这道数学题最好的办法。
I have a chance to travel to London.
我又一个去伦敦旅行的机会。
5. 用作宾语补足语
(1)带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有:
要求允许提议(ask, allow, , advise);
期望邀请鼓励(expect, , invite, encourage);
教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want);
等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
I’d invite her to have dinner at my house.
我想要邀请她来我家吃晚饭。
We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.
我们应该允许孩子们选择自己的服装。
(2)动词不定式作补语,在主动语态句里不带to,被动语态句里带to时,多数动词是感官动词和使役动词。
包括四“看”:look at, observe, see, watch;
三“让”:have, let, make;
二“听”:hear, listen to;
一“感觉”:feel;
一“注意”:notice。
This picture makes me feel excited!
这幅画使我感觉很兴奋。
We saw Liu Yu play baseball last week.
上周我们看到刘宇打棒球了。
(3)help后接动词不定式作补语,to可带可不带。
They can help you (to) learn English.
他们帮助你学习英语。
6. 用作状语
(1)目的状语,置于句首或句末,置于句首时常表示强调。
In order to catch the early bus, she got up very early.
为了赶上早班车,她起得很早。
A group of young people got together to discuss this question.
一组年轻人聚在一起讨论这个问题。
She came to this city to visit her daughter.
她来到这个城市看望她的女儿。
(2)原因状语,多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”结构句中。
I feel very lucky to have him.
拥有他我感觉很幸运。
(3)结果状语,多见于“too...to”,“enough to...”结构句中。
I’m too tired to do it well.
我太累了以至于做不好这件事。
The room is big enough for three people to live in.
这个房间三个人住足够大。
7. 动词不定式的复合结构
动词不定式的复合结构是“for / of sb. to do sth.”。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of,主要取决于前面形容词的性质。一般说来,of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等,说明人的特性;for前面的形容词是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等,一般说明不定式动作的特性,前面如果是名词用for。
It’s a good idea for parents to allow children to study in groups during the evening.
对父母来说,在晚上让孩子分组学习是个好主意。
It’s wise of him to do it well.
对他来说,把这件事做好很明智。
8. 带疑问词的不定式短语
动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词what, which, who或疑问副词how, when, where, why等。
这种结构起名词的作用,在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等,或者单独使用。要注意的是,why后面的不定式不带to。
(1)用作句子的成分。
I don’t know what to try next. (作宾语)
我不知道接下来要尝试什么。
Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)
还没有决定去哪里。
(2)单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。
What to do next?=What will we / you do next?
接下来做什么?
Why go there?=Why do we / you go there?
为什么去那里?
9. 动词不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是not / never to do...;不带to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...
They decide not to talk to each other.
他们决定不和彼此说话。
His parents tell him never to play soccer in the street.
他父母告诉他不要在街上踢足球。
动名词(doing)
动名词相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1. 作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。
2. 作宾语
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗?
3. 作表语
Babysister’s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children.
保姆的工作是洗衣服,作饭和照看孩子。
4. 做定语
a washing machine 一台洗衣机
看清薄弱环节 学会对症下药
英语学习涉及多个方面,听说读写一个都不能少,要想在英语上取得好成绩,就必须对自己的现状有一个清晰地了解,针对薄弱环节有目的的强化。很多学子一味地采取题海战术,而忽视了轻重缓急,实际上很难取得好的效果。
如果是单词量太少,阅读和写作两个大项就会受到严重的阻碍,甚至连语法词汇也会继而产生连带的负面影响。说是背单词,其实死记硬背根本没有用。最好的方法就是慢慢的做阅读,把做题过程中不认识的单词记录下来并加以总结,在今后的学习中做到慢慢消化,水到渠成。对于面临中考和高考(微博)的学生,做历年真题是必不可少的环节,而且具备举一反三的能力。
如果是语法的薄弱,要做到自己归纳和总结,可以从句子的结构出发看状语从句、名词性从句、系表结构……不要单纯的从词性来理解——很繁琐复杂,不利于记忆。
如果是听力方面的问题,秘诀就是多听多练习,参照的标准就是历届真题。真题里面的听力一定要反复多次的去练习和体会,这样可以很好地把握语速和标准的发音,有利于听力能力的提高。但是,最重要的还是持之以恒的练习,熟方能生巧。
还有就是不一定要每天都花大把的时间放在英语上面。老师上课的时候发的习题认真做完就差不多了,然后根据自己的实际情况适当地增强补弱一下就好了。
各个击破 解决难题有方案
英语是一个持续学习的学科,各个环节相互关联又相互辅助,如何才能学好英语呢?有关老师给出了一些解决的方案。
单词
首先要攻克的难关,包括音标、解释、拼写等。
解决方案:1.早期靠大声朗读拼写,通过听觉来记忆,记忆没有诀窍,只有重复重复再重复,不管用什么方法,记住就行;2.等词汇量有一定积累时,靠海量阅读(记住是海量),什么都读。
听
听是一种感觉,是一种意识,是建立在词汇量基础上的能力。
解决方案:重复听,什么都听,建议从听英语歌曲开始。
语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。小编将初中英语语法内容都归纳在下文了,希望对你有帮助。
1.找到一个好的语法老师是确保你理解一门语言基本语法的好方法之一。寻求有资格教你的人的帮助。但如果要花大价钱的话,那就完全没有必要了。在如今网络如此发达的情况下,网络上已经有很多相当优秀的老师分享的免费课程可供你学习。
2.广泛阅读语法书。语言是在不断发展和变化的,英语的语法规则并不是一成不变的。有许多不同风格的语法书籍,以不同的方式讲解英语语法,多阅读一些不同风格的语法书是很好的语法学习方式。它们从不同的层面让你更好地了解语法的基本原理,并告诉你语言的适应性和它的灵活性。
3.查找在线资源。随着网络越来越发达,网络上有大量可靠的语法课程。
4.口碑超好经典语法课程:
中文:
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初中是学习英语的重要时期,所以在初一学好英语,做好知识点的整理归纳很重要。以下是百文网小编分享给大家的初一英语重点知识归纳总结,希望可以帮到你!
1.人称代词的用法;
2. 祈使句;
3. 现在进行时的构成和用法;
4.动词have的用法;
5.一般现在时构成和用法;
6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法
【名师讲解】
1. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例如:
"I think we must help the old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。
That’s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如:
"Many thanks." "That's all right."
"Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”
"Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗
2. make/do
这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件具体的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能为我做个纸船吗?
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如:
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。”
Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如:
Can you speak about him? 你能不能说说他的情况?
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。
speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如:
She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词, 不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。如:
I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语。如:
He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 买些东西
do some reading 读书
do some writing 写些东西
do some fishing 钓鱼
从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some, much或定冠词。
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。
6. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的,别的,
Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?
others 别的人,别的东西
In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是
美国人,其他的是法国人。
the other表另一个(二者之中)one…,the other…
One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.
我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。
another表三者以上的另一个,另一些
There is room for another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。
7. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用on the tree.如:
There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树上有些苹果。
There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟。
8. some/ any
(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass?
There isn't any water in the glass.
(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表示请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依然用some。如:
Would you like some tea?
9. tall/ high
(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用tall,不用high,例如
a tall woman 一个高个子妇女
a tall horse 一个高大的马
(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如:
He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树上。
The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空中这么高。
(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,不过high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副词,tall不能。
(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.
10. can/ could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力
"。例如:
Can you ride a bike? 你会骑自行车吗?
What can I do for you? 要帮忙吗?
Can you make a cake?你会做蛋糕吗?
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be?他会在什么地方呢?
Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?
It surely can't be six o'clock already?不可能已经六点钟了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.汤姆,你不可能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean?他会是什么意思?
在日常会话中,can可代替may表示"允许",may比较正式。例如:
You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
--- Can I use your pen?我能用你的钢笔吗?
--- Of course,you can.当然可以。