为您找到与对高二憧憬的作文相关的共206个结果:
说起憧憬,那不是空想,而是一个人的奋斗目标。憧憬是那么美好,能让人在心里萌生一股自强不息的力量——那是我的目标,我一定要实现它。下面给大家带来一些关于高二憧憬优秀作文范文,希望对大家有所帮助。
或许是儿时便种下了一颗憧憬的种子,要给一切事物一个恰当而美好的未来,给每一片树叶,每一缕风都安了家。有时仿佛抬头看见满眼的湛蓝,便是对自己所憧憬的未来的最好描述。
前几日走过中和休闲,眼球一下被抓住:小巧的英伦牛皮鞋,仿佛踏上它便可以立刻穿越到旧时的大不列颠,做一个安稳的中国女学生,没过脚腕的长裙,或是长长的风衣,随意的穿搭,不要过多的拘束。春还耐着性子没迈开脚步,长长的波西米亚裙便已登场,复古的牛皮吊带,螺旋花纹的裙身,想象着便是这样一袭长衫的女子,漫步在海南的骄阳下,松软的'沙子铺满脚下,偶尔海水漫过双脚,漂起裙边似害羞似的突然逃走,却好似不甘心又偷偷地跑回来,身后的脚印被海水盖过,一次又一次,渐渐模糊了踪影。一直走一直走,走到太阳将要沉入海里的时候,落日的余晖洒满海面,只有波光粼粼的海面依旧活跃,别的一切都在夕阳的离去中渐渐沉默。还是那个女子,择一块礁石,目送着太阳的离去。
如此便是我的憧憬,安逸地远离城市的喧嚣。
总是格外地羡慕大冰,走到哪儿家就在哪儿。民谣里的生活格外地让人欣喜。也想要像他一样,行走天涯,做自己喜欢的事,累了就唱唱歌,难过了就喝几口酒,厌倦了就回到大冰的小屋,和老兵聊上几句。或许这样的生活才叫生活,有血有肉的生活,真真正正的投入了自己的情感。多年后的自己可能还会惦记,那时的自己。别忘了拿一段回忆收藏,你我还有一碗酒,可以慰风尘。
生活就该是想哭就要哭,想笑就要笑,累了就睡觉。难过的时候就看看书,读读报,或是出门散散步。哼一首曲,敬时光一碗酒。
这便是我所憧憬的。愿多年以后,我会像大冰,背起背包做一个背包客,走过祖国的南南北北,最后去到丽江,穿过烟雨蒙蒙的小巷,经过老兵的火塘,最后敲开大冰的小屋的门,像和老朋友一样,聊起时光,醉了那些年的往往。
这一程就到这里,愿记得年少的时光和那时的憧憬;下一程,愿你我以梦为马,随处可栖。
还不清楚高二年级的生物知识点有哪些知识点的小伙伴们,赶紧和小编去瞧瞧吧!下面小编为大家带来高二生物知识点归纳精选,欢迎大家参考阅读,希望能够帮助到大家!
有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸比较:有氧呼吸、无氧呼吸
场所:细胞质基质、线粒体(主要)、细胞质基质
产物:CO2,H2O,能量
CO2,酒精(或乳酸)、能量
反应式:C6H12O6+6O26CO2+6H2O+能量
C6H12O62C3H6O3+能量
C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2+能量
过程:第一阶段:1分子葡萄糖分解为2分子丙酮酸和少量[H],释放少量能量,细胞质基质
第二阶段:丙酮酸和水彻底分解成CO2和[H],释放少量能量,线粒体基质
第三阶段:[H]和O2结合生成水,大量能量,线粒体内膜
无氧呼吸
第一阶段:同有氧呼吸
第二阶段:丙酮酸在不同酶催化作用下,分解成酒精和CO2或转化成乳酸能量
42、细胞呼吸应用:包扎伤口,选用透气消毒纱布,抑制细菌有氧呼吸
酵母菌酿酒:选通气,后密封。先让酵田菌有氧呼吸,大量繁殖,再无氧呼吸产生酒精
花盆经常松土:促进根部有氧呼吸,吸收无机盐等
稻田定期排水:抑制无氧呼吸产生酒精,防止酒精中毒,烂根死亡
提倡慢跑:防止剧烈运动,肌细胞无氧呼吸产生乳酸
破伤风杆菌感染伤口:须及时清洗伤口,以防无氧呼吸
知识掌握的巅峰,应该是在一轮复习之后,也就是在你把所有知识重新捡起来之后。下面小编为大家带来高二化学下册必备知识点,希望对您有所帮助!
1.烯醛中碳碳双键的检验
(1)若是纯净的液态样品,则可向所取试样中加入溴的四氯化碳溶液,若褪色,则证明含有碳碳双键。
(2)若样品为水溶液,则先向样品中加入足量的新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液,加热煮沸,充分反应后冷却过滤,向滤液中加入稀酸化,再加入溴水,若褪色,则证明含有碳碳双键。
若直接向样品水溶液中滴加溴水,则会有反应:—CHO+Br2+H2O→—COOH+2HBr而使溴水褪色。
2.二糖或多糖水解产物的检验
若二糖或多糖是在稀硫酸作用下水解的,则先向冷却后的水解液中加入足量的NaOH溶液,中和稀硫酸,然后再加入银氨溶液或新制的氢氧化铜悬浊液,(水浴)加热,观察现象,作出判断。
3.如何检验溶解在苯中的苯酚?
取样,向试样中加入NaOH溶液,振荡后静置、分液,向水溶液中加入盐酸酸化,再滴入几滴FeCl3溶液(或过量饱和溴水),若溶液呈紫色(或有白色沉淀生成),则说明有苯酚。
若向样品中直接滴入FeCl3溶液,则由于苯酚仍溶解在苯中,不得进入水溶液中与Fe3+进行离子反应;若向样品中直接加入饱和溴水,则生成的三溴苯酚会溶解在苯中而看不到白色沉淀。
若所用溴水太稀,则一方面可能由于生成溶解度相对较大的一溴苯酚或二溴苯酚,另一方面可能生成的三溴苯酚溶解在过量的苯酚之中而看不到沉淀。
4.如何检验实验室制得的乙烯气体中含有CH2=CH2、SO2、CO2、H2O?
将气体依次通过无水硫酸铜、品红溶液、饱和Fe2(SO4)3溶液、品红溶液、澄清石灰水、检验水)(检验SO2)(除去SO2)(确认SO2已除尽)(检验CO2)
溴水或溴的四氯化碳溶液或酸性高锰酸钾溶液(检验CH2=CH2)。
高二变化的大背景,便是文理分科(或七选三)了,在对各个学科都有了初步了解后,我们需要对自己未来的发展科目有所选择、有所侧重。这可谓是学生们第一次完全自己把握、风险未知的主动选择。下面小编为大家带来关于高二化学必考知识点,希望对您有所帮助!
1、沉淀溶解平衡与溶度积
(1)概念
当固体溶于水时,固体溶于水的速率和离子结合为固体的速率相等时,固体的溶解与沉淀的生成达到平衡状态,称为沉淀溶解平衡。其平衡常数叫做溶度积常数,简称溶度积,用Ksp表示。
(2)溶度积Ksp的特点
Ksp只与难溶电解质的性质和温度有关,与沉淀的量无关,且溶液中离子浓度的变化能引起平衡移动,但并不改变溶度积。
Ksp反映了难溶电解质在水中的溶解能力。
2、沉淀溶解平衡的应用
(1)沉淀的溶解与生成
根据浓度商Qc与溶度积Ksp的大小比较,规则如下:
Qc=Ksp时,处于沉淀溶解平衡状态。
Qc>Ksp时,溶液中的离子结合为沉淀至平衡。
(2)沉淀的转化
根据溶度积的大小,可以将溶度积大的沉淀可转化为溶度积更小的沉淀,这叫做沉淀的转化。沉淀转化实质为沉淀溶解平衡的移动。
总结是把一定阶段内的有关情况分析研究,做出有指导性结论的书面材料,它能使我们及时找出错误并改正,不如立即行动起来写一份总结吧。那么总结应该包括什么内容呢?下面是小编给大家带来的高二化学重要知识点归纳,以供大家参考!
1、各类有机物的通式、及主要化学性质
烷烃CnH2n+2仅含C—C键与卤素等发生取代反应、热分解、不与高锰酸钾、溴水、强酸强碱反应
烯烃CnH2n含C==C键与卤素等发生加成反应、与高锰酸钾发生氧化反应、聚合反应、加聚反应
炔烃CnH2n-2含C≡C键与卤素等发生加成反应、与高锰酸钾发生氧化反应、聚合反应
苯(芳香烃)CnH2n-6与卤素等发生取代反应、与氢气等发生加成反应
(甲苯、乙苯等苯的同系物可以与高锰酸钾发生氧化反应)
卤代烃:CnH2n+1X
醇:CnH2n+1OH或CnH2n+2O有机化合物的性质,主要抓官能团的特性,比如,醇类中,醇羟基的性质:1.可以与金属钠等反应产生氢气,2.可以发生消去反应,注意,羟基邻位碳原子上必须要有氢原子,3.可以被氧气催化氧化,连有羟基的碳原子上必要有氢原子。4.与羧酸发生酯化反应。5.可以与氢卤素酸发生取代反应。6.醇分子之间可以发生取代反应生成醚。
苯酚:遇到FeCl3溶液显紫色醛:CnH2nO羧酸:CnH2nO2酯:CnH2nO2
2、取代反应包括:卤代、硝化、卤代烃水解、酯的水解、酯化反应等;
3、最简式相同的有机物,不论以何种比例混合,只要混和物总质量一定,完全燃烧生成的CO2、H2O及耗O2的量是不变的。恒等于单一成分该质量时产生的CO2、H2O和耗O2量。
4、可使溴水褪色的物质如下,但褪色的原因各自不同:
烯、炔等不饱和烃(加成褪色)、苯酚(取代褪色)、醛(发生氧化褪色)、有机溶剂[CCl4、氯仿、溴苯(密度大于水),烃、苯、苯的同系物、酯(密度小于水)]发生了萃取而褪色。较强的无机还原剂(如SO2、KI、FeSO4等)(氧化还原反应)
5.能使高锰酸钾酸性溶液褪色的物质有:
(1)含有碳碳双键、碳碳叁键的烃和烃的衍生物、苯的同系物
(2)含有羟基的化合物如醇和酚类物质
(3)含有醛基的化合物
(4)具有还原性的无机物(如SO2、FeSO4、KI、HCl、H2O2
6.能与Na反应的有机物有:醇、酚、羧酸等——凡含羟基的化合物
7、能与NaOH溶液发生反应的有机物:
(1)酚:(2)羧酸:(3)卤代烃(水溶液:水解;醇溶液:消去)(4)酯:(水解,不加热反应慢,加热反应快)(5)蛋白质(水解)
8.能发生水解反应的物质有:卤代烃、酯(油脂)、二糖、多糖、蛋白质(肽)、盐
9、能发生银镜反应的有:醛、甲酸、甲酸某酯、葡萄糖、麦芽糖(也可同Cu(OH)2反应)。
计算时的关系式一般为:—CHO——2Ag
注意:当银氨溶液足量时,甲醛的氧化特殊:HCHO——4Ag↓+H2CO3
反应式为:HCHO+4[Ag(NH3)2]OH=(NH4)2CO3+4Ag↓+6NH3↑+211.
10、常温下为气体的有机物有:
分子中含有碳原子数小于或等于4的烃(新戊烷例外)、一氯甲烷、甲醛。
H2O
11.浓H2SO4、加热条件下发生的反应有:
苯及苯的同系物的硝化、磺化、醇的脱水反应、酯化反应、纤维素的水解
12、需水浴加热的反应有:
(1)、银镜反应(2)、乙酸乙酯的水解(3)苯的硝化(4)糖的水解
凡是在不高于100℃的条件下反应,均可用水浴加热。
13、解推断题的特点是:抓住问题的突破口,即抓住特征条件(即特殊性质或特征反应),如苯酚与浓溴水的反应和显色反应,醛基的氧化反应等。但有机物的特征条件不多,因此还应抓住题给的关系条件和类别条件。关系条件能告诉有机物间的联系,如A氧化为B,B氧化为C,则A、B、C必为醇、醛,羧酸类;又如烯、醇、醛、酸、酯的有机物的衍变关系,能给你一个整体概念。
14、烯烃加成烷取代,衍生物看官能团。
去氢加氧叫氧化,去氧加氢叫还原。
醇类氧化变醛,醛类氧化变羧酸。
光照卤代在侧链,催化卤代在苯环
因为高二开始努力,所以前面的知识肯定有一定的欠缺,这就要求自己要制定一定的计划,更要比别人付出更多的努力,相信付出的汗水不会白白流淌的,收获总是自己的。下面是小编给大家带来的高二化学必考知识点整理精选,以供大家参考!
一、钠Na
1、单质钠的物理性质:钠质软、银白色、熔点低、密度比水的小但比煤油的大。
2、单质钠的化学性质:
①钠与O2反应
常温下:4Na+O2=2Na2O(新切开的钠放在空气中容易变暗)
加热时:2Na+O2==Na2O2(钠先熔化后燃烧,发出黄色火焰,生成淡黄色固体Na2O2。)
Na2O2中氧元素为-1价,Na2O2既有氧化性又有还原性。
2Na2O2+2H2O=4NaOH+O2↑
2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2
Na2O2是呼吸面具、潜水艇的供氧剂,Na2O2具有强氧化性能漂白。
②钠与H2O反应
2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2↑
离子方程式:2Na++2H2O=2Na++2OH-+H2↑(注意配平)
实验现象:“浮——钠密度比水小;游——生成氢气;响——反应剧烈;
熔——钠熔点低;红——生成的NaOH遇酚酞变红”。
③钠与盐溶液反应
如钠与CuSO4溶液反应,应该先是钠与H2O反应生成NaOH与H2,再和CuSO4溶液反应,有关化学方程式:
2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2↑
CuSO4+2NaOH=Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO4
总的方程式:2Na+2H2O+CuSO4=Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO4+H2↑
实验现象:有蓝色沉淀生成,有气泡放出
K、Ca、Na三种单质与盐溶液反应时,先与水反应生成相应的碱,碱再和盐溶液反应
④钠与酸反应:
2Na+2HCl=2NaCl+H2↑(反应剧烈)
离子方程式:2Na+2H+=2Na++H2↑
3、钠的存在:以化合态存在。
4、钠的保存:保存在煤油或石蜡中。
5、钠在空气中的变化过程:Na→Na2O→NaOH→Na2CO3→Na2CO3·10H2O(结晶)→Na2CO3(风化),最终得到是一种白色粉末。
一小块钠置露在空气中的现象:银白色的钠很快变暗(生成Na2O),跟着变成白色固体(NaOH),然后在固体表面出现小液滴(NaOH易潮解),最终变成白色粉未(最终产物是Na2CO3)。
二、铝Al
1、单质铝的物理性质:银白色金属、密度小(属轻金属)、硬度小、熔沸点低。
2、单质铝的化学性质
①铝与O2反应:常温下铝能与O2反应生成致密氧化膜,保护内层金属。加热条件下铝能与O2反应生成氧化铝:4Al+3O2==2Al2O3
②常温下Al既能与强酸反应,又能与强碱溶液反应,均有H2生成,也能与不活泼的金属盐溶液反应:
2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2↑
(2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑)
2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2↑
(2Al+2OH-+2H2O=2AlO2-+3H2↑)
2Al+3Cu(NO3)2=2Al(NO3)3+3Cu
(2Al+3Cu2+=2Al3++3Cu)
注意:铝制餐具不能用来长时间存放酸性、碱性和咸的食品。
③铝与某些金属氧化物的反应(如V、Cr、Mn、Fe的氧化物)叫做铝热反应
Fe2O3+2Al==2Fe+Al2O3,Al和Fe2O3的混合物叫做铝热剂。利用铝热反应焊接钢轨。
三、铁
1、单质铁的物理性质:铁片是银白色的,铁粉呈黑色,纯铁不易生锈,但生铁(含碳杂质的铁)在潮湿的空气中易生锈。(原因:形成了铁碳原电池。铁锈的主要成分是Fe2O3)。
2、单质铁的化学性质:
①铁与氧气反应:3Fe+2O2===Fe3O4(现象:剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成黑色的固体)
②与非氧化性酸反应:Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑(Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2↑)
常温下铝、铁遇浓硫酸或浓硝酸钝化。加热能反应但无氢气放出。
③与盐溶液反应:Fe+CuSO4=FeSO4+Cu(Fe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu)
④与水蒸气反应:3Fe+4H2O(g)==Fe3O4+4H2
因为高二开始努力,所以前面的知识肯定有一定的欠缺,这就要求自己要制定一定的计划,更要比别人付出更多的努力,相信付出的汗水不会白白流淌的,收获总是自己的。下面是小编给大家带来的高二数学最新知识点总结归纳,以供大家参考!
1、圆的定义
平面内到一定点的距离等于定长的点的集合叫圆,定点为圆心,定长为圆的半径。
2、圆的方程
(_-a)^2+(y-b)^2=r^2
(1)标准方程,圆心(a,b),半径为r;
(2)求圆方程的方法:
一般都采用待定系数法:先设后求。确定一个圆需要三个独立条件,若利用圆的标准方程,
需求出a,b,r;若利用一般方程,需要求出D,E,F;
另外要注意多利用圆的几何性质:如弦的中垂线必经过原点,以此来确定圆心的位置。
3、直线与圆的位置关系
直线与圆的位置关系有相离,相切,相交三种情况:
(1)设直线,圆,圆心到l的距离为,则有;;
(2)过圆外一点的切线:①k不存在,验证是否成立②k存在,设点斜式方程,用圆心到该直线距离=半径,求解k,得到方程【一定两解】
(3)过圆上一点的切线方程:圆(_-a)2+(y-b)2=r2,圆上一点为(_0,y0),则过此点的切线方程为(_0-a)(_-a)+(y0-b)(y-b)=r2
练习题:
2.若圆(_-a)2+(y-b)2=r2过原点,则()
A.a2-b2=0B.a2+b2=r2
C.a2+b2+r2=0D.a=0,b=0
【解析】选B.因为圆过原点,所以(0,0)满足方程,
即(0-a)2+(0-b)2=r2,
所以a2+b2=r2.
因为高二的学生们开始努力,所以前面的知识肯定有一定的欠缺,这就要求自己要制定一定的计划,更要比别人付出更多的努力,相信付出的汗水不会白白流淌的,收获总是自己的。下面小编为大家带来高二语文知识点归纳,希望对您有所帮助!
1、《望海潮》是描写北宋时期杭州繁盛景象的词。词的上片描写杭州的自然风光和都市的繁华。词的下片描写杭州人民和平宁静的生活景象。
词作以铺叙见长。首先,以“东南形胜,三吴都会,钱塘自古繁华”总领全篇,概括介绍杭州的自然风光和都市的繁华。然后分别从“形胜”“都会”和“繁华”三个方面铺开叙述:“烟柳画桥”之中家家户户安居乐业,人烟阜盛;“云树”“堤沙”之外惊涛拍岸,汹涌壮观;都市街衢,珠宝遍陈,普通人家,披罗着锦,满目奢华景象。过片(下片起句)之后,先描写西湖水碧山青、桂子飘香的景象,后叙羌笛横吹、菱歌互答的欢愉场景。由民众忘情山水之乐引出官员宴饮之乐,一路铺叙下来,但又不是平铺直叙,很见裁减功力。
这是一篇投赠之作。作者路经杭州,想谒见当时出任两浙转运使的孙何,便写了这首词。词作一方面反映了北宋结束五代分裂割据局面后,经过真宗、仁宗两朝的休养生息,确实呈现了繁荣的景象,但收笔也流露了粉饰太平、献宠官僚的味道,有唐朝干谒诗的遗风。
2、《雨霖铃》是描写作者在长亭与情人话别的词。词作主要采用了情景交融的艺术手法。
其一,用哀景写悲情。词作开篇用“寒蝉”“长亭”“骤雨”等意象,烘托离别时凄冷沉郁的气氛。
其二,以无情衬有情。离人难舍难分,而无情的舟子却催促起航,有情人只得以泪相向,“无语凝噎”。
其三,以想象未来之景诉悲情。作者用一“念”字引出离别后行人消失在烟波浩淼的楚地江天,极目远眺,一片茫然,不觉悲从中来。“良辰美景”原为欢乐愉快的场景,但是随后而来的“虚设”二字顷刻间就使欢乐之情顿然消失,而沉入到无边无际的愁伤之中,所以,这里也是“乐景写悲情”。
关于这两首词的解题:
“望海潮”词调始见于《乐章集》,这一词牌名是柳永创制的,大概取意于杭州是观潮胜地。一百零七字,双调,上阙五平韵、下阙六平韵,一韵到底。
“雨霖铃”原于唐玄宗与杨贵妃的故事马嵬兵变后,杨贵妃缢死,在平定叛乱之后,玄宗北还,一路戚雨沥沥,风雨吹打皇鸾的金铃上如《明皇杂录》里写道:“明皇既幸蜀,西南行,初入斜谷,属霖雨涉旬,于栈道雨中闻铃,音与山相应。上既悼念贵妃,采其声为《雨霖铃》曲,以寄恨焉。”这也便是词牌《雨霖铃》的来历。当然,后世坐雨霖铃之人颇多,柳永既是代表。
高二语文记叙文写作技巧指导
叙述和描写。是作文中两种不同的表现方式。我们这里说的叙述是指把人的经历行为或事件的发生、发展变化表述出来的一种表达方式,它常常把分散的场景,片断的故事和人物的身世,地位,经历,事迹等贯穿起来。它要求做到头绪清楚,脉络分明,有条有理,重点突出。下面是百文网小编给大家带来的记叙文写作技巧指导,供大家参考!
作文开头的常见方法作文的开头是非常重要的,它对理清思路、引出下文、凸现文章的中心,都有着重要的作用。开头要引人入胜,激发读者阅读的兴趣。
记叙了同学们帮洗鼻血这样一件事,从而揭示了同学们互相关心,团结友爱,生活在集体中多么幸福。这一中心。开头的方法,还有很多,像引用法,叙事法,故事引入法,提出问题法等等,不同体裁,不同内容的文章要行选用不同的开头方法,即使是同一篇文章,也可以有不同的开头方法。你看,同样一篇文章就有不同的开篇方法。因此,一篇文章怎样开头,采用哪种方法,一定要从文章中心表达的需要出发,适应不同体裁的特点做到新颖明快,言简意赅。俗话说,良好的开端是成功的一半,我们只要掌握作文开头的方法和技巧,联系实际,勤于练习,就能写好开头,为写好全文打下基础。
开头的方法很多,常见有:
1.开门见山法。
这种方法是文章一开头,就直入正题,把文章所要叙述的主要内容直截了当地交代出来,让读者一看就知道这篇文章描写的是什么人、什么事、什么活动。这种开头一下子就能吸引读者的注意力,而且还不会跑题。例如《课间十分钟》一文开头:下课铃响了,同学们快步走出教室,到操场上参加自己喜欢的课间活动,校园里顿时沸腾起来。这个开头就点明了时间——“下课”,地点——“操场上”,人物——“同学们”,事情——“课间活动”。非常直截了当。
2.提示中心法。
这种方法是一开头就点明全文的中心,使读者对文章的中心思想有一个明确的了解,我们看看下面的开头。
“生活在集体中间是幸福的,两年前,我深深地体会到这一点。”这是《生活在温暖的集体里》一文的开头,
3.描写引入法。
描写人物和景物来开头,这种方法就是描写引入法。描写人物就是在文章的开头,对人物的肖像、服饰、神态、等进行描写,以达到人物在读者面前树立一个鲜明形象的效果,描写引入法中还有一种是以描写景物来开头,也就是在文章的开头对故事情节所处的自然环境或社会环境必要的描写,以起到交代背景、渲染气氛突出中心的作用。
4.设置悬念法。
在写事的文章中,我们常常把事情的结果或文中的某个片段放在开头来写,以引起读者的疑问,然后再记叙事情的起因和经过,这种开头的方法叫设置悬念法。这种方法可以激发读者强烈的兴趣,如《智斗奸商》一文的开头写到的:放暑假的第二天旱上,我和表姐一块儿去买菜。走到菜场的北口,我就看前面很多人。我和表姐紧走几步,也围了过去……
5.对比法。
在文章的开头,把不同的人和事物或同一个人和事物的不同时间,不同方面的情况作对比介绍。运用对比法可以使描绘的形象更为突出,增强文章的表达效果,给人留下深刻的印象。
6.回忆联想法。
由人、事、景、物、等引起回忆,联想、引出下文,展开情节,这种方法就叫回忆联想法。运用回联想法开头,给人一种亲切,自然的感受。
7.对话开头法。
以人物的对话开头。这种开头起笔自然,往往给人以新鲜的感觉。采用对话的形式开头,一定要把对话写得精彩有意义,紧扣中心。
高二语文学习方法_语文课听课要领最新
1、听课要领如下:
课前要预习,听课要入脑。温故才知新,歧义见分晓。
自学新内容,要把重点找。问题列出来,听课有目标。
听课要专心,努力排干扰。扼要作笔记,动脑多思考。
课后须复习,回忆第一条。看书要深思,消化细咀嚼。
重视做作业,切勿照搬抄。编织知识网,简洁又明了。
2、听课的主要方法:
(1)动眼
课堂上首先是看和听:看教材、看教具、看老师的板书、看老师的演示;听老师所讲的内容、听老师怎样提出问题、怎样分析推理、怎样作结论等。在这个过程中首先是培养自己的观察力,通过观察比较来掌握知识的本质属性。
(2)动脑
上课时要积极动脑,长期有意识地训练自己的思维,包括比较、概括、判断、理解、记忆等。对老师提出的问题自己不论能否想得出来,都要积极思维,大胆联想。如有一时未明白的地方,应作出记录,继续听课,待课后请教,而不要只顾自己钻下去,反而影响听课。
(3)动手
动手主要包括两个方面,就是记笔记和做练习。
笔记:看的、听的,时过境迁,很快就会遗忘,真正“过目不忘”的人是极少的。如果记录在册,就可以随时复习、巩固。同时还可稳定注意力,提高学习效率。
记什么千万别满堂抄,而应有所选择,比如:①讲课要点、板书提纲、图表。②新信息、新观点、新方法。③补充例题。④总结。⑤疑难问题。等等。特别要注意做笔记时不要影响听课,要恰当分配时间与注意力。
练习:凡是老师要求动手的时候一定要积极动手,努力做到在老师规定的时间内完成应该完成的练习,这样一方面可以训练自己的思维能力与计算能力,提高解题速度,另一方面可以及时反馈信息,调整学习方案。
(4)重视学科之间的横向联系
语文学得不好,连数学命题也弄不明白,题意理解理解错了,当然做不好。数学学习中很多公式都与物理、化学有关,数学是一门工具科,他要通过其他学科来更好地理解与运用,所以我们应相辅相成地学好数学与其他学科。
(5)重视心理调节
除了明白听课的一般方法外,还有一个很重要的方面,就是应有自觉的意志力来控制自己遵守课堂纪律,重视课堂听课效果,尊重老师,协调配合。课余时间休息要合理,课间休息十分钟不宜继续看书和做作业,学会调节自己的精神,使上课时精神饱满,积极思维,专心致志。只有控制力强的学生,才能收到良好的听课效果。
1、钻透课本。
语文复习倘若漫无边际,走马观花,那将事倍功半,徒劳无益。复习前要领会考纲精神,明确考试范围,对复习的主流及重点做到心中有数。从各种类型的考试命题来看,包括诸多基础知识、课内阅读题、古诗文言知识,它们都来自于课本中,虽然重点考查了课外阅读,也是课内知识的迁移与延伸,也是在课内学习基础上进行的扩展,只有钻透课本,对课本中各类知识理解并会运用,临场时才能举一反三,触类旁通。
2、“读”“思”“问”相结合。
学语文“读”是根本,复习语文“读”还是根本。当然不是盲目的读,而是有选择不可少的环节。因为通过精练,不仅可以巩固旧知识,又能提高分析问题、解决问题的能力,同时也积累了一定的解题经验。高度肯定和重视培养学生的问题意识,为中外学者所共识。早在二千多年前,孔子就要求自己和学生“每事问”,他高度评价问题的价值及意义,认为“疑是思之始,学之端”。宋代著名学者陆九渊说:“为学患无疑,疑则有进,小疑则小进,大疑则大进。”这是对问题意识作用的充分肯定。近代著名教育家陶行知说得更生动形象,他在一首诗里写道:“发明千千万,起点是一问。禽兽不如人,过在不会问。智者问得巧,愚者问得笨。人力胜天工,只在每事问。”国外也有很多学者极力推崇问题及问题意识。苏格拉底认为,问题是接生婆,它能帮助新思想诞生。爱因斯坦也强调:“发现问题和系统阐述问题可能要比得到解答更为重要。”
3、注重作文复习。
作文写得好不好,直接影响到语文成绩的高与低,而它又不是靠一日之功就能提高的。同学们在现实生活中遇到的各式各样的人物,接触的大大小小的事件,在复习中可进行梳理,把有价值的材料制成“半成品”,供你临场时依照题目的要求选用;还可选择各种文体中有代表性的文章来读一读,仔细分析它们的拟题、立意、选材、谋篇等优点,以便掌握一些写作技巧,提高临场作文的能力。
小说三要素:人物、环境、情节。往往文学类文本的问题页也是围绕这三方面展开……
小说人物
一、赏析人物描写的角度
(一)正面描写
1.肖像描写:交代人物的身份、地位,表现人物的精神面貌,刻画人物的思想性格。
2.语言描写:①鲜明的展示人物的性格,深刻地反映人物的内心世界。②推动故事情节的发展③描摹人物的语态,使形象刻画栩栩如生,跃然纸上。
3.动作描写:使人物鲜活的呈现在读者面前,让读者从人物的举手投足中窥见人物的心态性格等。
4.神态描写:表现人物的内心世界,刻画人物性格。
5.心理描写:直接表现人物思想和内在感情(矛盾、焦虑、担心、喜悦、兴奋等)表现人物思想品质,推动情节发展。
6.细节描写:①描写刻画人物性格、爱好、追求。②深化主题。③推动情节发展。④渲染时代气氛、地方特色。⑤渲染人物心情、心理活动。
(二)侧面描写
借助次要人物烘托、借助物象烘托、借助环境烘托。它们的作用:引发读者的联想、想象、含蓄曲折地表现人物形象。
二、分析概括主要人物形象的技巧
1.从小说中交代的人物身份、地位、经历、教养等方面入手。因为这些直接决定人物的言行、影响人物形象(性格)。
2.从塑造人物形象的方法入手:通过对人物的正面侧面描写分析,概括人物形象(性格)特征。
3.从分析环境入手:人物的成长变化,人物性格的形成与社会环境有着密不可分的关系。
4.从分析情节入手:情节展开的过程中,通过描写人物的外貌、行为和心理状态。展现人物鲜明的个性。
5.从分析人物关系入手:小说中的人物往往不止一个。理清人物之间的行为关系,分析他们的交互评价、情感态度。
6.借助作者的议论或借助作品中其他人物对他的评价语句分析。
答题模式:……是一个……样的人物形象。……具有以下性格特点:①……②……③……
三、分析主要人物的作用
1.对情节的作用:主要人物的性格特点,对情节是否有推进作用?
2.对主题的作用:人物形象的典型性,考虑对文章主题的作用也就是作者塑造人物的用意,反映了社会现实和寄托情感。
3.对社会的作用:分析人物形象的社会意义结合社会现实分析人物形象折射的社会现象及给人们带来的某种启示。
四、分析次要人物的作用
1.对“自身”的作用:“自身”是否具有鲜明的性格特点。
2.衬托主要人物:将原本单调的故事情节衬托得有声有色,凸显主要人物的品质,使主要人物品质、使主要人物形象更鲜明。
3.是否起线索作用是否推动故事情节发展。
4.是否与主要人物一起丰富深化了文章主题。
5.文中如有“我”,则是作为见证人,增强了小说真实性。
5.是否为主要人物活动提供具体环境,起渲染氛围奠定感情基调的作用。
五、分析物象的作用
1.他作为小说的形象的一部分,有自身的独到特点,作用和审美,丰富了文章的内容。
2.对“人物的作用”:物象衬托了人物品格、突出人物形象(如梅兰竹菊)
3.对环境作用:物象衬托环境,看其对时代特点、氛围做了怎样的揭示或暗示。看其具有什么样的象征意义。
4.对情节结构作用方面:它往往是组织和推动情节发展的线索物件。物象反复出现,串起相关情节,从而成为全文的线索,兼有使结构更严谨的作用。
5.对主题的作用:揭示了怎样的主题。
答题模板:……是什么……的(主要人物、次要人物、事物)形象,作为(主要人物、次要人物、事物)形象,(他、它)有……样的作用(启示、艺术价值、艺术价值)。
小说的环境
小说的环境描写包括自然环境和社会环境描写
一、概括环境的特点五角度
1.从“时”的角度:“时”泛指时间,具体指时代背景、写作时间,比如抗战时期,也指自然环境中的时令节气,看它们有何特点。
2.从“地”的角度:“地”泛指地点。具体指场所、场合、地域等。看它们呈现怎样的特点。
3.从“人”的角度:“人”指人物。主要指从人与人之间的关系角度分析。人际关系是十分重要而又十分虚化的社会环境。通过理清人物之间的交往判断人际关系是友善,还是紧张冷漠等。
4.从“事”的角度:“事”指事件、情节,主要指从情节发展过程中,生活工作的状态中分析概括,比如“激烈残酷”这一特点。
5.从“景”的角度:“景”指景物。主要指从景的“形、声、色”等角度分析概括环境特点,看这些景物有什么共同特征,如“春意盎然、生机勃勃”。
二、环境描写的作用
1.对环境自身的作用:①表现地域风光和文化,点明时间、季节等,突出环境特点,营造某种意境。②交代故事发生的时间、地点,暗示社会环境:如时代背景、习俗、思想观念以及人与人之间的关系等。③渲染故事气氛,奠定情感基调。作者往往用生动的自然环境描写来渲染故事的气氛,或喜庆,或冷清,或悲凉,用以感染读者或激发读者的阅读兴趣。
2.对人物的作用:①交代人物活动及其成长的时代背景,揭示人物各种复杂的社会关系。②引导人物出场,交代人物身份,表现人物性格或影响人物性格,衬托人物情感,促使人物思想情感发生转变。③烘托人物心情暗示人物命运。
3.对情节的作用:①暗示或推动故事情节的发展。②为后面的情节发展做铺垫或制造悬念。③作为情节发展的线索。④与标题相呼应,诠释标题内涵。
4.对主题的作用:表达、寄托、揭示、暗示、深化主题。
5.作为背景,暗含社会背景揭示社会本质特征。
答题模板:①环境本身(交代了……时间,交代……背景,营造……氛围,渲染……气氛)②情节(推动、暗示、铺垫、埋伏……)③人物(烘托、映衬了……)④主题(表达、寄托、暗示、揭示、深化……)
小说情节
一、梳理概括情节
题中有“情节”“脉络”“过程”“概括”“梳理”等字样。
答题模板:按照“何时+何地+何人+做何事”的格式加以概括,其中“何人+做何事”必不可少。
二、分析情节的作用
(一)结构角度:
①照应前文
②承上启下
③线索
④贯穿全文
⑤设置悬念
⑥埋下伏笔
⑦为后面情节做铺垫
⑧推动情节发展
⑨使情节曲折生动。
关键术语:照应、悬念、伏笔、铺垫等。
(二)内容角度:
①对环境的作用:交代/突出人物活动环境,使环境更具典型性。
②对人物的作用:塑造了……的人物形象,表现了人物……的性格特点或精神面貌,刻画了人物……的心理,使人物形象更加丰满。
③对主题的作用:揭示/表达/寄托/暗示了……的主题,深化主题/突出主题/丰富主题。
④对读者感受的作用:设置悬念,吸引读者注意,引起读者阅读兴趣,引发读者思考。
三、小说开头段的作用
1.设疑(悬念式)开头的作用:①激发读者的阅读兴趣。②引出下文的情节,③突出人物形象④揭示小说的主题。
2.写景式开头的作用:①交代故事发生的环境,②渲染气氛,③烘托人物的心情,④为情节的发展做铺垫,⑤暗示故事结局。
四、小说中间段的作用
1.结构上起过渡、承上启下:要求分析如何承上,如何启下。
2.表达上起衬托、对比、铺垫。如果描写的物象是次要物象,且与主要物象在形象、意境和情感上一致,作用就是正面烘托、衬托、铺垫;如果描写的物象不一样,意境或情感不一致,其表达作用就是反衬、对比。
3.内容上扩展思路,丰富内涵,具体展示,深化主题或照应前文。
五、小说结尾段的作用
1.出人意料的结局:①从结构安排上看,能使平淡的故事凸起波澜,猛烈撞击读者的心灵,产生震撼人心的力量,②从表现手法上看,与前文的伏笔照应,使人觉得在情理之中。
2.令人伤感的结局:①从主题上看能更好地深化主题,②从表现人物性格看,能更好地塑造人物性格,③这种结局令人感动,令人回味引人思考。
3.令人欢喜的结局:①从表达效果上看,小说喜剧结局给读者留下广阔的想象空间,耐人寻味,②从读者的情感体验看,喜剧性的结尾与主人公、作者的意愿构成和谐的一体,给人以欣慰、愉悦之感,③从主题上看,这样的结局,突显出美好的人性,符合大众对审美的追求。
4.留下空白的结局:耐人寻味,留下“空白”,让读者进行想象,进行艺术再创造。
小说的艺术技巧
一、情节叙述手法
1.叙述人称和叙述视角
①第一人称:叙述亲切、真实、自然、拉近与读者的距离,同时便于抒发感情。
②第二人称:拉近叙述者与读者之间的距离,增强小说的抒情性和亲切感,便于感情交流。
③第三人称:不受叙述者的见闻和感觉的约束,相对自由,能较直接的展现丰富多彩的生活,不受时间,空间的限制,反映现实比较灵活自由。
2.叙述方式
①顺序:按事件发生、发展的先后(时间)顺序来写,文章条理清晰,层次分明,便于读者了解所叙来龙去脉,符合读者的阅读习惯。
②倒叙:能增强文章的生动性,使文章产生悬念,更能引人入胜,同时避免叙述的平板和结构的单调。
③插叙:对主要情节起补充、衬托、解释、说明的作用,丰富文章内容,使情节更加完整,让文章结构富于变化,避免平铺直叙,推动情节发展。
④补叙:对前文的内容做补充交代,有助于更好地表达主题,使文章结构完整,行文跌宕起伏,收到出人意料的效果。
⑤平叙:即叙述同一时间不同地点发生的两件及以上的事,可以把头绪纷繁错综复杂的事情写得眉目清楚,有条不紊。
二、情节安排手法
1.悬念:在叙述中,先设置一个谜面藏起谜底,在适当的时候予以点破,使读者的期待心理得到满足,悬念的主要作用是吸引读者、引人入胜。
2.伏笔:对将要在作品中出现的人物或事件,预先给的提示或暗示,使全文前后呼应,结构更严谨,情节发展更合理,前因后果更分明。
3.抑扬:对写作对象或欲扬先抑或欲抑先扬,从而使文势曲折变化,产生峰回路转,跌宕起伏的效果。
4.照应:又叫呼应,能使情节连贯,脉络清晰,结构紧凑。
5.对比:把两种事物或同一事物的两个不同方面放在一起比较,作用一般是表现人物或突出主题。
6.衬托:指描绘某一人或事物来表现另一人或事物的表现手法。它分为正衬和反衬。可以使作品更生动,人物、事物形象更突出,主题更鲜明。
7.突转:在小说结尾采用突转的方法形成情节的某种“巧合”某种意料之外的反转,或者是形成人物性格的“急剧变化”,这种突转常收到意料之外,情理之中的效果,对小说主旨起到画龙点睛的作用。
三、语言风格
1.生动形象:语言活灵活现,具体形象。艺术效果:①人物语言个性化,言如其人,②描写逼真,绘声绘色、惟妙惟肖;③运用各种修辞手法,新鲜活泼;④注意词语选用,注意句式变换,使行文变化有致。
2.朴素自然:语言自然不做作,少雕饰。艺术效果:
①发自内心,出于真诚,感情真挚;
②明白如话,清新自然,不堆砌,少修饰,不做作;
③真切平实、通俗易懂。
3.含蓄蕴藉:语言含义深刻,含而不露,言在此而意在彼。艺术效果:
①引而不发,含而不露,欲言还休。
②富有言外之意,弦外音,话中话;
③深沉厚重,深奥含蓄。
4.幽默风趣:语言诙谐机警,活泼有趣。艺术效果:运用夸张、反语、仿词、双关等修辞手法,突出事物的特征,揭露事物本质,富于讽刺意义,增强批判性和说服力,令人轻松愉快,忍俊不禁,雅俗共赏。
5.庄重典雅:语言平实沉稳,严肃庄重。
①采用典范书面语;
②常用古词语、成语;
③多用专用名词、术语;
④多用长句复句;
⑤深沉厚实,义正言辞。
6.清新明快:语言干净利落,明白晓畅。艺术效果:
①直接了当,不拐弯抹角,斩钉截铁,单刀直入,一语中的,一针见血痛快淋漓。
7.整散结合:整句与散句错杂。
艺术效果:使语言具有整齐美、对称美、复叠美、回还美、错落美、活泼多姿、丰富多彩,显得文采飞扬、文气十足,情浓意满,酣畅淋漓。
四、赏析小说的叙述技巧
设问标志:题中有“线索”“处理”“安排”“情节展开”“构思”“布局”等字样。
解题思路:“四抓”“一想”
一抓:叙述人称,结合具体内容分析其作用
二抓:叙述方式,了解叙述方式结合具体内容分析表达效果
三抓:情节安排,结合文本具体分析
四抓:语言风格,结合文本具体分析
一想:想作品的叙述背景:叙述背景主要起衬托人物渲染气氛的作用,有的背景还富有象征意义,在分析时也应考虑此方面的作用。
答题模板:点出叙述技巧+结合文本分析+技巧效果
小说的主题与标题
一、标题
(一)小说标题的含义:
①表面意义与深层意义。
②指代意义与比喻意义。
③一语双关,双层含义
(二)根据标题特点分析标题作用
1.如果以时间、地点、环境为题,则作用可能具有“点名时间、地点、创设故事背景,渲染环境氛围,隐含比喻象征意义等”。
2.如果以物件(物象)为题,则作用可能具有“作为线索贯穿全文,概括故事情节,寄托作者情感,揭示文章主题,隐含比喻象征意义等。”
3.如果以形象特征为题,则作用可能具有“铺开情节、呼应细节、对比讽刺、强化效果等”。
4.如果以问题为题,则作用可能具有“设置悬念,激发阅读兴趣,引人思考”。
5.标题的作用还包括:①为塑造和突出人物形象服务;②推动情节的发展或转折;③化解人物矛盾冲突;④对小说主题的概括,或是一语双关或是画龙点睛。
(三)标题是否可以替换?
1.从是否有助于突出人物形象、主题?
2.是不是小说的线索?
3.能否概括小说主要内容。
4.能否制造悬念、讽刺、双关等角度分析两个标题的优劣进而确定是否可以替换。
二、探究思想主题
1.启示类:①从与小说相对应的人物(如孩子、学生、父母、老师等)。②小说所反映的社会问题(如环境保护、弘扬优秀传统文化、道德沦丧等)不同角度切入。
2.人物体现的思想类:从人物的言行举止,精神境界以及为人处事等角度进行分析。
3.小说主旨类:从不同人物的表现,不同主题词的阐释,不同层面(如现实、历史、哲理)的深化等角度进行分析。
4.主旨辨别类:从文本对某个主题的呈现,现实生活对某个主题的呼吁等角度进行分析。
5.谈谈看法类:从文字本身的内涵,与现实的关联,与自我的关联等角度分析。
答题模式;观点:(我认为……/我赞同……)+原因(阐述理由可以从情节、人物、环境、主题等角度展开)+总结(可视具体情况做取舍)。
三、小说主题
1.以小说主要人物的性格特点,道德风貌,思想品德等,揭示人性中的真善美、假恶丑。
2.用故事的形式针贬时弊(以小见大的手法)。
3.通过寓言,寄寓人生哲理(常用象征手法)。
4.虚构生活经历,反映人物生存状态和心理状态。
物理学习要允许有一些自己的东西,学得越多,自己的东西越多,一定要有笔记本。下面给大家分享一些关于高一高二物理学习方法技巧,希望能够对大家有所帮助。
同学们我们已经学过了电荷的定向移动形成电流,并且把正电荷定向移动的方向规定为电流的方向。电荷是看不到,摸不到的,我们怎样知道电荷的存在及电荷的移动呢?
前面在讲摩擦起电时,验电器等可以验证电荷的存在,如何验证电流的存在呢?课本采用转换法通过灯泡发光或二极管发光说明电路中有电流;采用类比法通过自来水的流动有方向,汽车移动有方向来说明电流是有方向的。其实当电流流过导体时,都会产生一些特有的现象,这就是电流效应,根据这些现象就可以判断电流的存在。
我把电流效应的三个方面介绍给大家,希望同学们多注意观察。
当电灯泡里的灯丝通过电流发光的时候,用手摸摸灯泡,可以觉得它比不发光的时候热。从实验证明,一切导体,有电流通过时,都要发热,这种现象叫做电流的热效应。生活中电炉、电烙铁、电饭锅等都是利用电流的热效应来工作的。
当电流通过导电的溶液时,溶液里要发生化学变化,这种现象叫做电流的化学效应。工业上的电解和电镀,利用电流来提炼铝、铜等金属,以及在容易生锈的金属物品上镀一层防锈的金属等都是用电流的化学效应来工作的。
当把绝缘导线缠绕在一根铁钉上,电流通过时,铁钉能吸引轻小铁质物体如大头针、铁屑等,说明铁钉变成了磁铁,电路一断开,电流停止流通,被吸的物体掉了下来。可见当导线中有电流的时候,在导线周围就产生跟磁铁相同的作用,故这种现象叫做电流的磁效应。我们的发电机就的用这种电流的磁效应工作,生活中利用电流磁效应的地方很多,同学们要细心观察呀,后面我们还要继续学习它的。
电流的各种效应,不但能使我们觉察到电流的存在,而且使电流在许多方面得到了广泛的应用。
从题型的设计以及考查知识点的连续性来看,化学学科相对稳定。下面给大家分享一些关于高二化学学习方法(完整版),希望能够对大家有所帮助。
第一,熟记基本知识内容。在平时的学习中,比如看书,做练习等,有意识地记住一些与化学相关的生活常识,物质的颜色、状态,部分方程式等。另外,注重口诀记忆或关键词记忆,如:化学反应平衡有4个关键字(等、定、动、变)。
第二,熟悉并理解化学实验和化学工艺流程,学会应用。书本中的实验、流程,都综合了多个知识点,是熟悉并掌握化学实验和化学工艺流程非常好的学习材料,如:实验室制取氯气,工业制硫酸,制备乙酸乙酯等,以及各个化学仪器的作用和除杂、干燥、尾气处理的方法。同学们在做化学实验题往往失分严重,就是没有重视对课本里的实验准确理解和应用。在了解了书本的基本实验后,对于以后遇到的实验题、流程题,才能进行类比迁移。
第三,及时总结,补缺补漏。适当做一些练习题,并做一本“错题集”,查漏补缺,将自己做错的,有价值的题目,记录下来,写明错因和正解,时时翻阅,理解透彻。另外,在练习中,要逐步总结,形成一定的化学思维方式,如:对于推断题,马上联想到相关知识点;对于工业流程题,注意联系生活实际;对于物构题,则注重理论分析和类比推理等等。
第四,有意识的建立知识网。在高二阶段,每学习一个阶段后,梳理相应的知识点,建立知识网,对于不清楚的知识点,要及时请教老师或同学,不要留下知识缺漏。
高中地理学好方法:端正学习态度,积极主动。作为一名学生,一定要有一个学生该有的样子。下面给大家分享一些关于高二地理学习方法5篇,希望能够对大家有所帮助。
一、自学探究
以自学或探究为主的教学方法,是指教师组织学生自学或引导学生通过探究、讨论等活动而获得知识的方法。这一类教学方法的特点在于,改变了“教师占中心地位,学生处被动地位”,“教师讲,学生听”的传统基本格局,鼓励学生自学和探索发现,注意激发学生的学习兴趣,使学生的独立性得到发挥,从而培养和发展了学生的自学能力、创造能力、思维能力以及各种活动能力。
在以自学或探究为主的教学方法实施过程中,教师需要事先设计出让学生能顺利自学、探究的学习程序。在采用这种方法的教学过程中,虽然学生有了较大的活动自由,但教师仍需要作为引导人或成员参与到学生的自学探究活动中去,并且事实上由于采用了自学、探究、讨论等方式致使教学活动趋于复杂化,从而对教师提出了更高的要求。
在地理教学中,以自学或探究为主的教学方法,主要有程序教学法、自学辅导法、发现法、“读议讲练”法等。
二、实际训练
以实际训练为主的教学方法,主要是指通过练习、实习等活动,巩固和完善对地理知识的理解,形成地理基本技能,发展智力的方法。对于地理知识的掌握来说,以实际训练为主的教学方法,首先可以使学生亲自检验所学地理知识的本身是否正确,检验自己对地理知识的理解是否正确;其次,它有利于加强对地理知识的理解和巩固;第三,它可以为将来在实践中应用地理知识作准备。对于地理基本技能的形成来说,以实际训练为主的方法更是一条基本的途径。此外,以实际训练为主的方法对学生智力的发展和意志、品德的提高也具有积极的促进作用。
三、语言传递信息
以语言传递信息为主的教学方法,是指教师和学生通过口头语言或者运用书面语言传授知识、技能,发展智力,进行思想教育的教学方法。口头语言和书面语言是人与人之间的重要交际工具,它在教学过程中则是一种非常重要的认识媒体,教师和学生之间信息的传递大量是靠语言来实现的。对于学生来说,口头语言的训练、书面语言的表达“也是培养思维品质的一个重要方面”。因此,以语言传递信息为主的方法不仅历史悠久、源远流长,而且至今仍是一种非常重要和行之有效的教学方法。
在地理教学过程中,以语言传递信息为主的教学方法主要有讲授法、谈话法、读书指导法、板书笔记法等。
四、直接感知
以直接感知为主的教学方法,是指教师演示各种地理教具、地理实验和组织课外参观等,使学生利用各种感官直接感知地理事物而获得知识的方法。以直接感知为主的教学方法,主要包括演示法和参观法。这类方法的特点是具有直观性、形象性和真实性。直观是“领会的开端环节”,地理学科的直观性相对于其他学科来说更具特殊意义,这是由于地理知识本身“具有一定程度的复杂性和间接性”所决定的。以直接感知为主的方法,对于形成学生丰富的地理表象具有极为关键的作用。
由于条件限制,对于有些教学内容,如地下、高空或发生在久远地质年代、历史年代的地理事象,教师较难或不可能都让学生进行直接观察和感知。所以,以直接感知为主的方法,必须和以语言传递信息为主的方法以及其他方法合理结合起来运用,才能取得更好的教学效果。
五、象征符号认知
以象征符号认知为主的教学方法,是指教师通过地图、地球仪、剖面图、示意图等以象征符号表征的图象,使学生获取地理知识的方法。与演示法展示地理事物外部形象的直观教具不同,地图是以一系列惯用的象征符号来表征地理事物的,它能揭示地理事物空间分布的特征以及地理事物发展变化、相互联系的特点,对于地理教学来说,具有极为特殊的意义。可以说,同语文学科运用词典,生物学科运用显微镜,物理、化学学科运用实验一样,地理学科运用地图是其教学过程中极其重要和不可缺少的手段与方法。对于地理教学来说,无论是教师的讲授,还是学生的学习,离开了地图都是不可想象的。当然,地图或者其他象征符号表征的图象仅是一种工具或手段,以象征符号认知为主的方法必须结合以直接感知为主的方法,并且与以语言传递信息为主的方法紧密配合,做到符号认知和直接感知相结合,图象信息和语言文字相结合,才能取得更佳的教学效果。
学习数学要循序渐进,只要打好了根基,才能逐步提高,节约时间,提高做题速度和质量,提高应变能力。下面给大家分享一些关于高二数学学习方法必备,希望能够对大家有所帮助。
一、养成良好的学习习惯
有些人会把数学成绩的高低与孩子的智商说在一起。智商的高低确实会对学习数学有着一些影响,但绝对不是起决定性作用。其实发挥决定性作用的是学习习惯,而非智商。
学习过程中主要是要养成“听课”和“练习”的良好习惯。所有人都知道上课认真听讲,认真完成作业是学好功课的基本前提。那么到底上课到底该怎么认真听讲,作业练习该怎么去认真完成呢?很多人说不出个所以然来。正如上面说的,数学这门学科更多是讲究一个理解和运用。而“理解”地好坏首先取决于听课效率的高低。目前中学一节课的时间是45分钟。处于学龄阶段的孩子,受生理和心理的影响, 45分钟都全神贯注地听讲是很难做到的。一节课下来有10分钟左右的时间走神实属正常。但关键是这10分钟是在哪个阶段。有些孩子一上课就开始神游,等回过神来就完全不知道老师在讲什么了。所以,要让孩子养成集中注意力的好习惯,尤其是老师在刚开始讲课以及重点内容时段不能走神。其次,在听课过程中与老师思路同步也很重要,这就要求课前做些预习了,预习时没有必要事无巨细,只要大致了解新课的大概内容即可。曾有学生说,自己课后做很多补习却赶不上某些孩子课后练习做得少的同学,这种情况很大程度上就是听课效率低的问题了。除了上课时的听讲外,也可以适当地选择一些参考书。
然后是关于作业和练习的习惯。大多数孩子把做练习当成是完成任务,他们不明白做练习其实是一个巩固复习、查漏补缺的过程。现在大多数学校的老师对每天的作业或练习都会进行批改和校对答案。孩子或多或少都会遇到错题或是不会的题目。出错或者不会就意味着有问题存在,订正题目其实就是在解决问题,也就是补漏洞了。这个时候很重要!很多学生直接把正确答案写在题目边上就完事了,下次碰到类似题目还是照样出错。这不叫订正,而是“写答案”。必须要做到把解题方法理解透彻,以后碰到类似问题不再出错才算是真正的“订正错题”。平常要做到把练习当考试,把考试当作业才行。同时还希望孩子们要脸皮厚些,更主动些。遇到不会或不清楚的一定要及时请教老师或同学,千万不要堆积问题。那些考试分数低的同学十有____就都存在有不懂却不去问的情况,积累的问题太多到最后来弥补会十分辛苦。要学好数学没有所谓的捷径,多做多练才是王道。
这里还有个关于计算的问题。很多孩子不喜欢计算,惧怕复杂的计算题,甚至平常练习会使用计算器来逃避计算。这种现象很危险!因为计算是学好数学的必备能力,良好的计算能力不但能确保做题的正确率还能提升解题速度。而该能力的提高关键还得靠熟能生巧,因此大家必须重视,在平常练习中要有意识地去多算多练。
二、数学概念、公式、定理的学习方法
1、概念的学习方法
数学中有许多概念,如何让学生正确地掌握概念,应该指明学习概念需要怎样的一个过程,应达到什么程度。数学概念是反映数学对象本质属性的思维形式,它的定义方式有描述性的,指明外种延的,有种概念加类差等方式。一个数学概念需要记住名称,叙述出本质属性,体会出所涉及的范围,并应用概念准确进行判断。这些问题老师没有要求,不给出学习方法,学生将很难有规律地进行学习。
下面我们归纳出数学概念的学习方法:
(1). 阅读概念,记住名称或符号。
(2). 背诵定义,掌握特性。
(3). 举出正反实例,体会概念反映的范围。
(4). 进行练习,准确地判断。
2、公式的学习方法
公式具有抽象性,公式中的字母代表一定范围内的无穷多个数。有的学生在学习公式时,可以在短时间内掌握,而有的学生却要翻来覆去地体会,才能跳出千变万化的数字关系的泥堆里。教师应明确告诉学生学习公式过程需要的步骤,使学生能够迅速顺利地掌握公式。
我们介绍的数学公式的学习方法是:
(1). 书写公式,记住公式中字母间的关系。
(2). 懂得公式的来龙去脉,掌握推导过程。
(3). 用数字验算公式,在公式具体化过程中体会公式中反映的规律。
(4). 将公式进行各种变换,了解其不同的变化形式。
(5). 将公式中的字母想象成抽象的框架,达到自如地应用公式。
3、定理的学习方法
一个定理包含条件和结论两部分,定理必须进行证明,证明过程是连接条件和结论的桥梁,而学习定理是为了更好地应用它解决各种问题。
下面我们归纳出数学定理的学习方法:
(1). 背诵定理。
(2). 分清定理的条件和结论。
(3). 理解定理的证明过程。
(4). 应用定理证明有关问题。
(5). 体会定理与有关定理和概念的内在关系。
有的定理包含公式,如韦达定理、勾股定理、正弦定理,它们的学习还应该同数公式的学习方法结合起来进行。
三、总结建议
第一,重视基础理论学起。近几年数学中考试题分值比例为“六三一”,即基础题分值占60%,中等题占30%,而难题占10%。可见打牢基础是应对中考的关键。在学习数学的过程中每一个理论或者每一个环节都是以前一个基础理论为前提的,是环环相扣的理论链的关系。带着这种观点去学习也就不必去死记硬背一些定理、推理之类的知识了,学习起来自然就显得更加容易了。
第二,培养学习兴趣。俗话说“兴趣是最好的老师”,很多孩子或许天生就有对数学这方面有很大的兴趣,能快乐的学习数学。目前,在中考的压力下,很多孩子都是被动地学习,导致学习效率不高。我认为家长可以从以下几个方面来帮助孩子提高学习兴趣:激发孩子求知欲;增强孩子的自信心;启发孩子的创造力;引导孩子思维多元化。
第三,选择课外辅导要谨慎。近几年,课外辅导机构犹如雨后春笋遍地都是。有些培训机构甚至打着某某名校,某某专家的名义开班授课,而且价格不低。其实,往往这些辅导机构并非很好,一边找老师上课(其中大多数是在校大学生,没有很多教学经验),另一边找生源,他们提供个教室就开始上课了。建议家长在选择辅导机构时一定要,并多和授课老师沟通了解情况,避免花冤枉钱。
上面提到的学习数学的方法大家是否记住了呢?大家要相信,任何一门学科只要你用心去学习了,就一定会有收获,数学当然也是不例外的。只要你掌握了方法,并且用心去学习了,你就会发现数学其实也不过如此!
物理是一门引人入胜的自然科学,物理学习为帮助人们了解周围的世界和技术发展做出了巨大贡献。下面给大家分享一些关于高二物理学习方法五篇,希望能够对大家有所帮助。
物理实施新课程,对于教师是一个挑战,而由于学生在八年级刚开始接触物理,所以初中物理教学带有启蒙的性质。一方面是要传授一定的物理知识,更重要的是要激发学生对物理的兴趣,为以后的学习开创一个良好的开端。在实施的过程中,以学生为主体,老师为主导,注重教师与学生在探究性活动能力的培养。因而在教学中要注意引导学生逐步学会透过现象看实质,从物理意义上认识物理现象,逐步学会提出问题,逐步学会深入地思考物理现象的内在规律。初中学生普遍感到物理课难学,如果我们教给学生学习物理课的基本方法,就能减轻学生的学习负担,提高学习质量。
1.学好相关学科,垫石铺路
物理课是初中学生感到难学的课程,其原因是:物理课不但有系统、严密的物理概念和知识,而且物理课与数学、语文课的知识联系也很密切。数学中的方次运算、小数分数混合运算、极值的讨论等知识在物理教学中经常应用。物理中的概念、定理、定律的文字叙述言简意深,需具备一定的语文基础。所以学好数学和语文对学好物理课很重要。(特别是在八年级物理,要学会建立图像,其中T-t,s-t,m-v的理解)
2.联系生活实践,培养学习兴趣
理论物理课与生活实践联系很密切,鼓励学生联系生活实际,不但是学以致用的学习方法,而且能培养学生的兴趣。在物理运算中也要联系实际。数学运算中有一个四舍五入的原则,但在物理运算中不一定适用。有一次我在讲浮力时让学生计算8个人渡河需几根相同的原木时,学生计算结果是需要5.2根,几乎全班同学都采取四舍五入,答案是5根。我让学生从实际出发分析5根原木受到的浮力与8人重力相比哪个大,会有什么结果,从而使学生知道,物理中有时不能生搬硬套数学原则。
3.总结交流学习方法
在一章或一个单元学完后让学生总结这部分知识的基本结构,即这部分知识的基本概念、基本原理、基本方法以及它们之间的相互联系。在总结的基础上让每个学生写出学习小结,提出不懂的问题。在对知识归纳总结的基础上让学生进行相互交流、相互学习。交流知识的重点、难点,交流学习方法。
4.注重实验探究性活动的培养
在新课程中物理探究性的活动非常多,如:
1.平面镜中成像的问题,
2.比较物质的物理属性(如硬度跟那些因素有关)等等,在日常生活中,体育课上掷铅球,你认为铅球是不是用纯铅做的,在活动中,因注意观察现象、与原理的理解。通过自己的交流与合作,掌握理解新知识。
高二年级英语下学期期末试卷
学习外语一天也不能中断。倘若确实没有时间,哪怕每天挤出十分钟来也行,今天小编就给大家分享了高二英语,欢迎参考哦
第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。考试时间120分钟,满分150分。考试结束后,请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who wears short hair?
A. Linda. B. Rose. C. Jenny.
2. What do the two speakers mainly talk about?
A. Life. B. Marriage. C. Children.
3. How much did the speakers have to pay the hospital at last?
A. Over three thousand dollars. B. Nothing. C. Only part of it.
4. Why did the woman get home in a hurry?
A. To avoid rush hour. B. To avoid a ticket. C. To get rid of the police.
5. What will the man do?
A. Go to a big party. B. Attend a small party. C. Wear a short coat.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man put the soft drinks?
A. In the car. B. In the picnic basket. C. In the fridge.
7. What will the woman ask Nancy to do?.
A. Prepare knives and forks. B. Take some wine. C. Make the sandwiches.
请听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a shop. B. At a birthday party. C. Near a swimming pool.
9. What will the woman do next?
A. Go home. B. Leave for another place. C. Ask for more advice.
请听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. Who taught the man to make coffee?
A. Joan. B. Mary. C. Mike.
11. When will the woman’s friends arrive?
A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00.
12. What doesn’t the man need to buy?
A. Sugar. B. Bananas. C. Apples.
请听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. How many classes has the woman attended?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
14. What did the woman think of her classes?
A. Reasonable. B. Big. C. Small.
15. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Student and teacher. C. Schoolmates.
16. How does the man go to class?
A. In a hurry. B. At ease. C. Often late.
请听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the speed limit on American highways?
A. 25 miles per hour. B. 35 miles per hour. C. 55 miles per hour.
18. What does a driver see on the ticket?
A. The amount of money. B. The reason to be stopped. C. The name of the police.
19. What’s the result if you receive too many tickets?
A. You lose the right to drive.
B. You are put into prison.
C. You are forbidden to drive for a while.
20. What’s the advantage of driving on rush hours?
A. Drivers drive their cars more carefully.
B. Drivers are much safer driving there.
C. Drivers get fewer tickets for speeding.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Favorite Books for Kids
◆Me and Marvin Gardens by A. S. King
Image Source: Scholastic
This middle-grade novel is perfect for introducing kids to recycling, but with a fun science fiction story. Obe lives on his family’s farmhouse that was built a hundred years ago-and now it’s being taken over by developers. While adventuring on the land, he discovers a creature, Marvin Gardens, which only eats plastic. Kids will love this charming story.
Available from Amazon, $11.89
◆Wrinkle in Time: A Guide to the Universe by Kari Sutherland
Image Source: Disney Publishing World Wide
Kids may get excited to see A Wrinkle in Time. While the original novel may be too hard of a read for them right now, they can dive into the fantastical world the film takes place in with this awesome guide to the characters and locations.
Available from Amazon on March 6, $11.04
◆Rivers of Sunlight by Molly Bang and Penny Chisholm
Image Source: Scholastic
Get kids going green with a little help from this educational picture book! Filled with excellent artwork and helpful explanations, these pages are filled with important lessons about the Earth. Kids will learn about how the sun keeps the ocean currents(流)moving and how the sun can power all living things—it’s pretty amazing.
Available from Amazon, $7.67
◆How to Code a Sandcastle by Josh Funk
Image Source: Penguin Random House
Pearl’s sandcastle keeps getting ruined by puppies (who could be mad at that?). So she teams up with her Robot friend Pascal to solve the problem with code(编码). Combining the fun of building a sandcastle with the discovery of coding, a future engineer will love paging through this story.
Available from Amazon on May15, $16.99
21. What can kids benefit from Me and Marvin Gardens?
A. Learning the skill of building farmhouses.
B. Developing awareness of environmental protection.
C. Enjoying natural beauty of the countryside.
D. Forming the interest in exploring the secret of nature.
22. What do you know about How to Code a Sandcastle?
A. It describes a means of problem solving. B. It shows the work of a future engineer.
C. It is the cheapest of the four books. D. It is a bit hard to read.
23. Which of the following deals with the movement of water on the earth?
A. A Wrinkle in Time. B. River of Sunlight.
C. Me and Marvin Gardens. D. How to Code a Sandcastle.
B
Rescue officials in Poland are working quickly to clear one of the country’s highways. The roadway is covered with a sticky brown material. It is blocking cars from both directions.
What is causing the mess? Milk chocolate. The problems began early Wednesday, after a huge truck carrying many tons of liquid chocolate overturned. Chocolate spilled out. It spread across six driveways of Poland’s A2 highway.
The liquid chocolate solidified(凝固)as it cooled, causing even more difficulties. The accident happened near the western Polish town of Slupca. Bogdan Kowalski is with the fire fighters of Slupca. He told the Associated Press that “the cooling chocolate is worse than snow”.
Videos published on social media showed rescuers and cleaners were trying to move the sticky brown mess with a bulldozer(推土机).
The private Polish broadcaster TVN24 reported that the driver of the truck was taken to a hospital with a broken arm. The accident happened in the morning when there was little traffic. Nobody else was harmed.
The sticky situation became a hot topic on social media. Some people offered to help the clean-up workers by eating the chocolate themselves.
Marlene Kukawa is a media officer for Slupea police. She told the New York Times that rescue workers needed to remove the truck from the highway first. “The cleanup”,she said at the time, “will take a few hours or more.” She added that accidents are rare in this part of the A2 highway. And, she told the New York Times, she is sure the area has never experienced something quite like a huge chocolate spill.
24. What caused the traffic trouble?
A. A broken-down car. B. Cars stuck on the highway.
C. Serious traffic accidents. D. The liquid chocolate.
25. What made the situation even worse?
A. The difficulty to get rid of the chocolate. B. Fear caused by videos on social media.
C. The chocolate becoming hard. D. Snow falling on the highway.
26. Why did some people offer to eat the chocolate?
A. To avoid wasting the chocolate. B. To reduce loss for the driver.
C. To play a joke. D. To solve the problem.
27. What did Marlene Kukawa think of the incident?
A. It happened very rarely. B. It was the most serious accident.
C. It was unexpected by other drivers. D. It was lucky that no one was killed.
C
Even now, almost a year after their astonishing act of group heroism, the dozens of people who risked their lives to save two boys from drowning in Panama City Beach, are still remembered.
The story began on July 8, 2017. Members of the Ursrey family, eight in total, were enjoying an evening together at the beach. As the sun sank lower on the horizon(地平线), the two boys—Noah, 11, and Stephen, 8—took their skateboards and walked into the waves without the grown-ups noticing. When the boys were about 70 yards from shore, they realized that the ocean pulled them out to sea. After trying and failing to paddle(涉水)back, they started waving and screaming for help. But the lifeguards had clocked out for the evening.
The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Brittany and Tabatha Monroe, a married couple from Georgia, wandered by. They didn’t see the boys at first, but they heard them.
They jumped into the water and easily reached the brothers, who were still in fairly shallow water. The woman reassured the frightened boys and seized their skateboards, telling them they would be safe and then discovered that they, too, were now in a world of trouble. They couldn’t get back to shore and could barely and only occasionally hit the sandy bottom with their feet. After a few minutes, it was clear to the woman that they were all trapped in a terrible whirlpool.
Then scores of tourists were walking to them, hand in hand, forming a line. Soon the first person held the woman’s hand. In turn, her husband and the two boys joined her. The long line moved slowly until they were back to the safety of the beach.
The rescuers call it the Human Chain. But it was the deeply “human” aspect of the rescuers’ cooperation(合作)that made it so astonishing and successful.
28. What happened to the two boys?
A. They got into deep sea by chance. B. They couldn’t be seen in the sea.
C. They went out without supper. D. They met with danger in the sea.
29. What does the underlined word “reassured” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Saved. B. Comforted. C. Congratulated. D. Accompanied.
30. Which of the following best describes the water the young couple stayed in?
A. It appeared calm on the surface. B. It was very deep.
C. It was mixed with sand. D. It moved fast.
31. What made the four persons in the sea escape the risky situation?
A. Team spirit. B. Confidence. C. Good luck. D. Bravery.
D
You may be surprised to learn that English gets 30 to 45 percent of its words from French. The reason goes back to the year 1066, when Norman forces invaded(入侵)what is now Britain. The Normans were from northern France and spoke French. During the Norman occupation, French became the language of England’s rulers and wealthy class. This lasted for more than 300 years. Other people in England continued to speak English during this period.
Over time, the two languages combined and shared words. Some researchers believe that about 10,000 French words eventually entered the English language. However, although English took many French words, their meanings have not always stayed the same. Sometimes the differences in meanings can be very important, and lead to funny or strange situations if the words are used in the wrong way.
Take, for example, the French word college. In English, college can often be used in place of the word university, or sometimes as a school within a university. However, in French, college actually means “middle school”, or the level of schooling for students in grades five or six through eight.
There are many other similar words in the two languages with completely different meanings. In English, the word chat is a verb which means “to talk casually”; but in French, the word chat is the word for an animal: a cat.
If an English speaker says someone is jolly, that means they are cheerful or friendly. But in French, jolie means someone is good-looking or pleasant to look at. In any case, both are nice things to say to someone.
32. What does the author stress about the French words in English?
A. Their spelling forms. B. Their changes in history.
C. Their puzzles for English. D. Their different meanings.
33. What does a Frenchman mean if he says he likes a chat?
A. He likes a kind of pet. B. He wants to have a talk.
C. He hates to speak English. D. He prefers to chat in French.
34. What is the French word “jolie” used to do?
A. Replace “jolly” in English. B. Describe people's looks.
C .Refer to people’s happiness. D. Prove the change in French.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. Comparison between two languages. B. Difficulty in grasping English.
C. French words in English. D. Development of English
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Compared to the history of China, the history of the United States is quite short. 36 In 1776, 13 colonies(殖民地)located on the eastern coast of North America declared independence and fought a revolution against the British. In 1783 the colonists won the revolution and gained their independence.
After the revolution, the United States bought a large section of country from Napoleon of France. This purchase doubled(加倍)the size of the United States. 37 If he hadn’t needed that money, the United States might have stayed a small country. Texas and most of what is now the southwestern part of the United States belonged to Mexico. The people of Texas fought a revolution against Mexico. 38 Later, the United States and Mexico went to war. If Mexico had defeated the United States in that war, California and New Mexico would have been part of Mexico today.
The British and the Americans both claimed the northwestern part of the country. They settled their differences with a compromise. South of the 49th parallel was the United States. North of the 49th parallel was Canada. In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half. 39 President Lincoln wanted to free slaves. He was supported by the North but opposed by the South. The South wanted to separate from the rest of the country and become independent. 40
Following the Civil War, the United States bought Alaska from Russia. Today it is the largest state in the country and a very important one, too.
A. This was the Civil War.
B. It was controlled by England then.
C. It began little more than 200 years ago.
D. After 4 years of war, the South was defeated.
E. Napoleon needed money for his European wars.
F. They became independent and joined the United States.
G. At that time many people didn’t think Alaska was important.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Recently I was shopping in the local Walmart. There I 41 a former coworker. We started 42 about old times when we worked together at the store. Looking at her I could 43 that she was not in the best of health so I asked, “When are you going to 44 ?” She told me with tears in her eyes that she had 45 retired but had to come back to 46 because she couldn’t make ends meet with her retirement 47 . I told her how sorry I was and left the store.
A week later, I was 48 to have a little extra cash and I was looking for someone to 49 it with. It wasn’t a ton of money 50 it was more than what I had and I wanted to show my 51 by giving a bit of it to someone else. I was 52 at Walmart again and I noticed the same 53 I had talked to a week earlier.
As soon as I 54 her I thought she could be one of the people I share my blessing with. I walked up to her. I 55 her by name and asked her, “If 1 56 you something, will you keep it and not try to give it back?” She 57 at me, puzzled and said yes. At the same 58 I reached in my pocket and pulled out a $ 100 bill and put it in her hand. When she saw what it was she looked 59 and asked “Why me?” I saw her tears rolling down her face.
I walked away because I 60 myself about to cry.
41. A. ran into B. turned to C. cared about D. suffered from
42. A. complaining B. talking C. quarrelling D. thinking
43. A. debate B. doubt C. sense D. consider
44. A. retire B. change C. leave D. improve
45. A. exactly B. honestly C. hardly D. actually
46. A. wait B. work C. escape D. survive
47. A. time B. offer C. cost D. income
48. A. fancy B. certain C. confident D. fortunate
49. A. share B. keep C. count D. waste
50. A. for B. and C. so D. but
51. A. savings B. possession C. blessing D. congratulations
52. A. wandering B. resting C. shopping D. applying
53. A. stranger B. lady C. saleswoman D. customer
54. A. saw B. judged C. ignored D. encouraged
55. A. praised B. called C. introduced D. reminded
56. A. give B. return C. show D. borrow
57. A. glared B. looked C. shouted D. laughed
58. A. hour B. day C. store D. moment
59. A. terrified B. entertained C. shocked D. annoyed
60. A. calmed B. limited C. felt D. admitted
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Joris Hutchison, 10 years old, of Seattle, has worked hard all year to save cheetahs(猎豹)from the very real threat of extinction. He has raised more than $14,000 to purchase GPS devices, 61 follow and protect the animals. He earns money by selling lemonade, flowers and T-shirts, and by 62 (organize) skating parties and a garage sale. What moved the public 63 (be) that Joris donated all that he raised to a wildlife conservation organization and shelter in Namibia where he and his mother have volunteered for 64 past three summers.
As the group’s 65 (young) of all the volunteers, Joris prepares food, cleans enclosures(围场), and creates improvement 66 (item) for the cheetahs that live there, all of whom 67 (injure) or raised by human beings in the past. The shelter protects cheetahs in the wild by convincing farmers not 68 (shoot) the animals and instead, to allow the ones accused 69 killing farm animals to be fixed with GPS devices. “I’ve learned that everyone can make a 70 (different), even if you’re just a kid!” Joris told Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes. “You just have to start somewhere.”
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My mother loves planting vegetables or she couldn’t do it without some land. Last month she bought the tiny piece of land for a peasant, who used to plant fruits and vegetables. Now he has divided his land into piece for sale, providing water for each piece of land. So it is very convenient grow vegetables. He also directs people how to farm.
My mother has already planted several vegetables. Various seeds came out, health and fast. I also love my mother’s garden. I often work with Mom, planting, watered and weeding, which bring much pleasure to us. We are sure to have safe vegetables to eat them this year.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华,你校英国交换生Thompson邀请你去参观美术展览,但你已经看过。现在你邀请他参观另一个展览。内容包括:
1. 说明不去的理由;
2. 邀请他参加因特网科技展览;
3. 参观时间地点。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
英语试题答案
第一部分 听力
第一节
1-5 CBBAB 6-10 CBABA 11-15 BBABC 16-20 ACACC
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21-23 BAB 24-27 DCCA 28-31 DBDA 32-35 DABC
第二节
36-40 CEFAD
第三部分 语言知识运动
第一节 完形填空
41-45 ABCAD 46-50 BDDAD 51-55 CCBAB 56-60 ABDCC
第二节 语法填空
61. which 62. organizing 63. was 64. the 65. youngest
66.items 67. were injured 68. to shoot 69. of 70. difference
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
My mother loves planting vegetables or she couldn’t do it without some land. Last month she bought the tiny
but any a
piece of land for a peasant, who used to plant fruits and vegetables. Now he has divided his land into piece for sale,
from pieces
providing water for each piece of land. So it is very convenient ∧ grow vegetables. He also directs people how to
to
farm. My mother has already planted several vegetables. Various seeds came out, health and fast. I also love my
healthy
mother’s garden. I often work with Mom, planting, watered and weeding, which bring much pleasure to us. We are
watering brings
sure to have safe vegetables to eat them this year.
删除them
第二节 书面表达
书面表达参考范文:
Dear Thompson,
I’m grateful that you’ve invited me to visit the art show. But it’s a great pity that I can’t go with you as I’ve already seen it. However, I’d like to invite you to go to another exhibition, which is about the technology of the Internet. It is said that some most advanced products and inventions of telecommunication will be on show, including the newest cellphones. Many new functions have added to them, making the phones more useful. I’m sure you will have a good time.
The show will be held at 9 o’clock a.m. next Monday at the city exhibition centre.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
高二级英语下学期期末试卷题
学习外语绝不要脱离上下文孤立地去死记硬背,今天小编就给大家分享了高二英语,一起来多多学习和阅读哦
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1. What is the man?
A. A driver. B. A passenger. C. A doctor.
2. What kind of problem is Henry trying to solve?
A. English. B. Geography. C. Physics.
3. What did the speakers do yesterday?
A. They played tennis. B. They played video games.
C. They stayed alone at home.
4. How much did the woman pay for her air cleaner in total?
A. $ 226. B. $229. C. $232.
5. Who is Jessie?
A. The man’s sister. B. The woman’s sister. C. The woman’s classmate.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. How long does the man lift weight?
A. For 30 minutes. B. For 45 minutes. C. For 1 hour.
7. How many times did the man go to work out last week?
A. Four times. B. Twice. C. Once.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. Why did the man put the paper on the floor?
A. He saw other people doing this.
B. The basket had been taken outside.
C. The basket was full.
9. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In the playground. B. In the classroom. C. At the back of the school.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. What class are the speakers talking about?
A. Biology. B. History. C. Chemistry.
11. What does the man think about the professor?
A. Smart and fun.
B. Easy-going but boring.
C. Demanding but an easy grader.
12. How does the woman feel after hearing about the professor?
A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Angry.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman want to buy?
A. Some bread. B. A coat. C. Some sandwiches.
14. What is the woman probably?
A. A mother. B. A teacher. C. A waitress.
15. What can we learn about the boy?
A. He answered a phone from his father.
B. He likes playing tennis.
C. He helps the woman find the sandwich.
16. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Call her husband. B. Go shopping. C. Have lunch with the boy.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. When was Michael Douglas born?
A. In 1944. B. In 1945. C. In 1975.
18. What was his role in the TV series, The Streets of San Francisco?
A. A star. B. A showman. C. A policeman.
19. How many Oscars did the film, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, win?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
20. When did Michael Douglas’s output begin slowing down?
A. After he married. B. After he had two children. C. After he had throat cancer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
All Summer Camp Programs
Llandovery, Wale, UK
Language and Music for Life (LMFL) — Founded in 1997, LMFL offers unique 2-week summer music and language courses. LMFL provides quality one-to-one training in a wide range of instruments & voice lessons for highly-motivated musicians of all ages.
Study programs & classes include: 2 weeks with Musical Masterclasses: Composition; Violin; Piano; Recorder; Guitar and Classical Singing...
Saint-Raphael, France
France Langue and Culture (FLC) — Experience a fun, educational language holiday for all the family this summer! FLC is the most family-friendly language school providing French summer classes for teens and young children.
Study programs & classes include: 1- 4 Week Sessions. Children’s Summer Camps for ages 4-12, with homestay accommodation by French host families.
Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
Edu-Inter Summer Language School (EI) — EI offers summer French programs for children and teenagers (ages 10-17) and adults (16+). Quebec City is the only major city in Canada that offers a 100% French-speaking environment, making it the ideal location for learning and practicing French.
Study programs & classes include: 2 weeks’ Summer French Programs: For Children & Teenagers (ages 10-17). French & Dance. French & Horse Riding...
Cambridge, England, UK
Reach Cambridge — Academic Camps (RC) — RC offers UK & international high school students the opportunity to gain an invaluable academic experience through a summer course. We provide unique and academic programs for students (ages 14-18).
Study programs & classes include: 3 weeks’ Summer Camps. Chemistry & Medicine. Computer Science & Math. Economics & ESL...
21. Why is Quebec the ideal location for learning and practicing French?
A. It offers summer French programs.
B. It is the only major city in Canada.
C. It has a Summer French Language School.
D. It has a 100% French-speaking environment.
22. If a boy is 18 and loves computer science, which summer camp suits him best?
A. LMFL. B. FLC. C. EI. D. RC.
23. It can be learned from the passage that ____________.
A. RC helps kids improve their horse-riding skill
B. kids can enjoy one-to-one training at LMFL
C. kids can stay at French host families at EI
D. FLC was founded in 1997 in France
B
I was wandering around the Albuquerque International Sunport Airport. My flight had been delayed and I heard an announcement: “If anyone near Gate A – 4 understands Arabic(阿拉伯语),please come to the gate immediately. ” Gate A – 4 was my own gate. I went there.
An older woman was crumpled (蜷缩成一团的) on the floor, she reminded me of my grandmother.
“Talk to her,” urged the flight agent. “We told her the flight was going to be late, and she did this.”
I bent over to put my arm around the woman and spoke uncertainly. “Shu-dow-a, shu-bid-uck, habibti? She stopped crying. She thought the flight had been canceled. She needed to be in El Paso for a medical treatment the next day. I said, “You’ll get there, just late. Who is picking you up? Let’s call him.”
We called her son. In English, I told him that I would stay with his mother until we got on the plane. She talked with him. Then we called her other sons just for fun. Then we called my dad, and they spoke for a while in Arabic and found out that they had several shared friends. After that, I called some Palestinian poets I know and let them chat with her.
She was laughing a lot by then, patting my knee and answering questions. She pulled a bag of home-made cookies filled with nuts and topped with sugar from her bag and offered them to the women at the gate. To my amazement, no one refused. It was like a sacrament (圣餐). The traveler from Argentina, the mom from California, the lovely woman from Laredo —we were all smiling, covered with the same sugar.
I looked around that gate and thought: This is the world I want to live in, one with no anxiety. This can still happen anywhere, I thought. Not everything is lost.
24. What can we learn about the author?
A. She was highly skilled in speaking Arabic.
B. Her grandmother saw her off at the airport.
C. She took the same flight with the older woman.
D. Her father was an acquaintance of the older woman.
25. Why did the older woman burst into tears at the boarding gate?
A. Her flight ticket seemed to have got lost.
B. She couldn’t make herself fully understood.
C. Her flight was canceled because of bad weather.
D. She thought she couldn’t make it for her treatment.
26. Which words can best describe the author?
A. Brilliant. B. Considerate.
C. Generous. D. Extraordinary.
27. What could be the best title for this passage?
A. A Delayed Flight in Albuquerque B. A Strange Palestinian Woman
C. Cookies at Gate A – 4 D. A Wonderful World
C
Standing in line for the latest iPhone at the Apple store, queueing for tickets to Wimbledon or even just waiting at the post office might just have got a lot easier. Japanese car-maker Nissan (尼桑)claims to have just the thing to relieve the sore(酸痛的) legs of tired queuers.
The new system of “self-driving” chairs is designed to detect when someone at the front of the queue is called, and automatically move everyone else one step forward in line. The new invention is shown off in a company video, which shows a busy restaurant with customers waiting outside.
In the video, diners are sitting in a row of chairs, but will not have to stand when the next hungry diner is called to a table. Instead, the chairs, equipped with autonomous technology that detects the seat ahead, move along a path toward the front of the line. When the person at the front of the queue is called, the empty chair at the front can sense it is empty and so moves out of pole position. Cameras on the remaining chairs then sense the movement and follow automatically.
The system, which is similar to the kind used in Nissan’s autonomous vehicle technology, will be tested at selected restaurants in Japan this year. Nissan said. “It appeals to anyone who has queued for hours outside a crowded restaurant: it eliminates the boredom and physical pain of standing in line,” Nissan added.
Although Tokyo has some 160,000 restaurants, long queues are not uncommon. Chosen restaurants that meet the criteria will be able to show the chairs outside their restaurant next year. Nissan also released a short video showing the chairs being used in an art gallery, moving slowly in front of the various paintings to let viewers appreciate the art without the need to stand up.
28. What can we know about the “self-driving” chairs from the text?
A. They are in hot demand like iPhone.
B. They are intended for queueing diners.
C. They are the invention of a car company.
D. They are completely different from vehicle technology.
29. What enables the chairs to detect the seat ahead?
A. Pole position. B. Autonomous technology.
C. Cameras equipped on them. D. Sensors equipped along the path.
30. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminates” in Paragraph 4?
A. Steals. B. Reduces. C. Removes. D. Hides.
31. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Queueing is a rare scene outside Japanese restaurants.
B. “Self-driving” chairs are the most useful in art galleries.
C. Japanese people prefer eating in restaurants to at home.
D. “Self-driving” chairs haven’t been in official use in restaurants.
D
Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable part of all children’s education, according to a new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University’s school of education, says that “enforced (强制的) silence” is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children’s natural ability. But she says that teaching children about the benefits of “enforced silence” — deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to focus and reflect in a stress-free environment — can have a significant effect on pupils’ concentration and behaviour.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and pupils’ academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children’s exam results were cut by as much as a third if they taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions and some educationalists claim that too much clutter(杂乱的东西) on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.
Dr. Lees said: “When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better self-confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person’s life and an individual’s education is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit.”
Dozens of schools across Britain already introduce periods of “reflective silence” into the timetable.
Kevin Hogston, head of Sheringdale Primary, south London, has just introduced a minute’s silence at the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
32. According to Dr. Helen Lees, “enforced silence” _____________.
A. is an effective way of punishment
B. does not make much sense in class
C. can improve pupils’ confidence
D. can make pupils more creative
33. The underlined word, “suppress”, in the second paragraph probably means “_________”.
A. prevent something from developing
B. make something better than before
C. get something back
D. unite with something.
34. What can be inferred from the research on school settings?
A. Students are more creative if taught in noisy classrooms.
B. Silence makes a great difference to pupils.
C. Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate.
D. Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures.
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to arrange classroom settings.
B. How to achieve silence in class.
C. Encouraging pupils in class is beneficial.
D. Keeping quiet in class can improve academic ability.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
A rejection letter is one of those letters that are not very easy to write. 36 . For example, organizations usually have to send rejection letters to applicants they cannot hire. So how to write a rejection letter?
Make the words professional and proper
What matters most in a rejection letter is the professional tone and wording. 37 . Instead, your choice of words should make the reader feel that he or she would do the same thing if they were in your place.
Keep it clear and simple
38 . Nobody likes to read a long, winding rejection letter. Therefore, it is better to deliver the message of rejection in the beginning itself. Clearly state that you have decided to reject the request or application. Don’t beat about the bush and don’t try to give the impression that your decision could change. 39 . Explain why your decision is good for everyone.
40
Conclude with a statement of goodwill(友好). You may have rejected this application, but if you intend to consider this person for another job in the future, you may express that as well. However, that isn’t always necessary. In some situations such endings might offend(冒犯) the reader.
A. End on a positive note
B. Make your decision as soon as possible
C. Never give away what you are going to do
D. Briefly state how you came to your decision
E. A rejection letter doesn’t have to be necessarily long
F. Don’t write anything that may make the reader feel bad
G. Although writing a rejection letter can be difficult, there are situations when it’s
absolutely necessary.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共20 小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position. One day, I took the subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. The following account of what happened to me has taught me much about culture 41 .
Since all the 42 were taken, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag. 43 I probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion(动作), I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash it was 44 . I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or any 45 . My heart sank and I began to 46 .
I glanced around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my 47 . I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to 48 it up, she quickly grabbed(抓住) it back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any 49 of the situation. Trying not to cause a(an) 50 , I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as best as I could, but she 51 my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how 52 it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to 53 me.
At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, 54 it on her lap. They didn’t talk; 55 this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.
As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman 56 handed me back my bag. But 57 I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.
Sadly, this considerate custom was more 58 to me than if I had been robbed. Everyone back home had heard of being robbed—that was 59 city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of 60 , in a city of twelve million people—that was truly unusual.
41. A. loss B. difference C. cause D. aim
42. A. seats B. cars C. buses D. stations
43. A. Deciding B. Expecting C. Admitting D. Assuming
44. A. broken B. gone C. opened D. emptied
45. A. dangerous B. nervous C. cautious D. suspicious
46. A. scream B. panic C. leave D. regret
47. A. book B. money C. bag D. map
48. A. bring B. pull C. check D. open
49. A. advantage B. charge C. notice D. photo
50. A. scene B. attack C. accident D. change
51. A. received B. handled C. ignored D. considered
52. A. heavy B. useful C. small D. special
53. A. remind B. tease C. frighten D. help
54. A. dropping B. tapping C. setting D. closing
55. A. or B. so C. because D. yet
56. A. gently B. gratefully C. angrily D. anxiously
57. A. before B. once C. until D. while
58. A. amusing B. surprising C. annoying D. disappointing
59. A. practical B. harmful C. usual D. suitable
60. A. curiosity B. pity C. desperation D. kindness
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why All Disney Princesses Wear Blue
If they’re not sleeping and waiting for Prince Charming to rescue them, they’re busy getting poisoned by poisonous apples or being forced 61 (do) heavy housework by evil relatives. But 62 turns out that even the most laidback(悠闲的) beauty is supposed to send a message of strength to young 63 (girl).
That’s because they all wear blue. From Jasmine to Belle, from Ariel to Snow White, they all wear blue. Far from stereotypical(老一套的) pinks, these princesses 64 (dress) in bold aqua(水蓝色), cornflower(矢车菊蓝). Even Dorothy form the Wizard of Oz (绿野仙踪) 65 (wear) a light blue pinafore and socks.
Why? Well, blue is 66 (apparent) the colour of trust, calmness as well 67 confidence. According to experts, we all have 68 natural preference for blue, partly because of the sky. It’s something to look forward to, to see that blue sky. It’s 69 (rely). It might cloud up, but we know it’s there.
Perhaps, Disney puts princesses in the colour to show that they’re those 70 are loyal and dependable.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有三处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词;
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉;
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I went to Mount Tai with one of my friends. Mount Tai is famous as the green mountains. When they arrived at the destination by the bus, we caught sight of many mountains by looking through the mist. Mount Tai was just like sleeping baby at that time. That impressed me most was the sunrise on Mount Tai. Stood on the top of the mountain, I see the sunshine giving out in all directions. The green mountains in the mist and the shocking expression on people’s face made a peaceful picture. The scenery of Mount Tai left a greatly impression on me.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是高三(1)班李华,你们班要举办一个联欢会(party), 请给外教Mike写一封E-mail邀请他来参加,并通知以下事宜:
1.举办时间:下周五下午6:00—8:30;
2.有游戏环节,建议Mike穿休闲装;
3.希望Mike准备一首英文歌曲表演。
注意:1词数:100左右。
2可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
高二英语联考试题答案
第一部分:听力
1-5 ACBCB 6-10 BCCBB 11-15 CBAAC 16-20 CACCA
第二部分:阅读理解
21-25 DDBCD 26-30 BCCBC 31-35 DCABD 36-40 GFEDA
第三部分:语言知识应用
41 - 45 BADBD 46 - 50 BCBCA 51- 55 CADCD 56 - 60 AABCD
61. to do 62. it 63. girls 64. are dressed 65. wears
66. Apparently 67. as 68. a 69. reliable 70. who
第四部分:写作
第一节 短文改错
I went to Mount Tai with one of my friends. Mount Tai is famous as the green mountains. When they arrived at the destination by the bus, we caught sight of many mountains by looking through the mist. Mount Tai was just like∧ sleeping baby at that time. That impressed me most was the sunrise on Mount Tai. Stood on the top of the mountain, I see the sunshine giving out in all directions. The green mountains in the mist and the shocking expression on people’s face made a peaceful picture. The scenery of Mount Tai left a greatly impression on me.
第二节 书面表达
Dear Mike,
We’re very glad that you have accepted our invitation to the party. I would like to offer our warm welcome to you and inform you of something that you need to know.
According to the plan, the party will begin at 6 pm next Friday and end at 8:30 pm. We will sing and play games at the party so I suggest that you wear casual clothes for your convenience. And we hope that you can prepare an English song and give a performance that day. I’m sure you’ll have a pleasant time with us. We are looking forward to seeing you next Friday afternoon.
高二数学高效常规学习方法_高二数学学霸的必备学习方法
学习方法的应用需要与实际生活相结合,通过学以致用,将所学知识转化为实际能力,从而实现学习的根本目的。这里给大家分享一些关于高二数学高效常规学习方法,供大家参考学习。
数学,数学是让很多理科和文科学生头疼的科目。我也不好把握它应该怎么学习,但是最近我确实偿到了学习的快乐。我是这样学习的。
数学重要的课本的见解和例题,大家要把握好这个点,一定要注意课本,就是说你刚刚学完一节,作习题时如果没有思路,你就要好好的回忆课本讲了什么,要做到课本与习题的巧妙结合。
建议高二的同学,分几步走。
要课前预习,很多书都这么说,可是很多同学都不屑,但是我要告诉你,如果您能落实好预习,你的数学就可以好一半,你预习时的态度要端正,不是看一遍书就完事,而是要认真的思考,看看讲解的内容和例题是怎么联系的。然后看懂后就做书上习题,不要小看书的习题,进几年高考题目有好多都是根据书的习题改的,这个要做好的。一定要做出数来,对照答案。
其次要上课认真听讲,看看老师是怎么演绎数学的,看看老师的说法和你预习时的一样不,最好记下老师的例题,这例题绝对经典,可以当作对象研究的。
最后就是要课下的习题,认真的完成老师布置的作业,体会课上所讲的内容,不会的及时问老师。还有就是课外的练习册最好别买,因为根据我上了高三的经验,买的就是浪费的,千万别买啊!如果你觉得没有事情做了,那么你就学习英语和语文吧!这两科如果学好了,高三都可以不用复习的。
学习方法的应用需要与实际生活相结合,通过学以致用,将所学知识转化为实际能力,从而实现学习的根本目的。这里给大家分享一些关于高二数学高效常规学习方法,供大家参考学习。
(1)制定计划使学习目的明确,时间安排合理,不慌不忙,稳打稳扎,它是推动我们主动学习和克服困难的内在动力,但计划一定要切实可行,既有长远打算,又有近期安排,执行过程中严格要求自己,磨炼学习意志。
(2)课前预习是上好新课、取得较好效果的基础。课前预习不仅能培养自学能力,而且能提高学习新课的兴趣,掌握学习的主动权。预习不是走过场,要讲究质量,力争在课前把教材弄懂,理清哪些内容有疑问或看不明白,分别标识下来,形成期待老师解析的心理定势。这种需求的心理定势必将调动我们的学习热情和高度集中的注意力。上课时就着重听老师所讲的自己疑问和不明白的地方以及老师的解题思路,把握重点,突破难点,尽可能把问题解决在课堂上。
(3)上课是理解和掌握基本知识、基本技能和基本方法的关键环节。“学然后知不足”,课前预习过的同学上课更能专心听课,他们知道什么地方该详,什么地方可以一带而过,该记的地方才记下来,而不是全抄全录,顾此失彼。
听讲课是获取知识的最佳捷径。老师传授的是经过历史验证的真理,是老师长期学习和教学实践的精华。因此提高课堂效率尤为重要。那么课堂效率如何提高呢?
a、做好课前准备。精神上的准备十分重要。保持课内精力旺盛、头脑清醒,是学好知识的前提条件。另外,上课前也不应做过于激烈的体育运动或看小说、下棋、打牌、激烈争论等。以免上课后还喘嘘嘘,或不能平静下来。
b、集中注意力。思想开小差会分心等一切都要靠理智强制自己专心听讲,靠意志来排除干扰。
c、认真观察、积极思考。不要做一个被动的信息接受者。要充分调动自己的积极性,紧跟老师讲课的思路,对老师讲解积极思考。结论由学生自己的观察分析和推理而得,会比先听现成结论的学习效果好。
d、充分理解、掌握方法。
e、抓住老师讲课的重点。有的同学在听课时往往忽视老师讲课的开头和结尾,这是错误的。开头,往往寥寥数语,但却是全堂讲课的纲。只要抓住这个纲去听课下面的内容才会眉目清楚。结尾的话也不多,但却是对一节课精要的提练和复习提示。同时还要注意老师反复强调的部分。
f、做好课堂笔记。笔记记忆法是强化记忆的最佳方法之一。笔记,一份永恒的笔录,可以克服大脑记忆方面的限制。
俗话说,好记忆不如烂笔头。因此为了充分理解和消化,必须记笔记。同时做笔记充分调动耳、眼、手、心等器官协同工作可帮助学习。
g、注意和老师的交流,目光交流、提问式交流,都可以促进学习。
(4)及时复习是高效学习的重要一环。通过反复阅读教材,多方面查阅有关资料,强化对基本概念知识体系的理解与记忆,将所学的新知识与有关旧知识联系起来,进行分析比较,一边复习一边将复习成果整理在笔记本上,使所学的新知识由“懂”到“会”。
(5)独立作业是通过自己独立思考、灵活分析问题,解决问题,进一步加深对所学新知识的理解和对新技能的掌握过程。这一过程也是对我们意志毅力的考验,通过运用使我们对所学知识由“会”到“热”。作业的过程能提高思维能力,反映情况掌握知识,提高解题速度。但作业千万不能COPY,那样毫无意义。另外,作业中不明白的地方要及时弄明白,避免一错再错。
(6)解决疑难是指对独立完成作业过程中暴露出来对知识理解的错误,或由于思维受阻遗漏解答,通过点拔使思路畅通,补遗解答的过程、解决疑难一定要有锲而不舍的精神。做错的作业再做一遍。对错误的地方没弄清楚要反复思考。实在解决不了的要请教老师和同学,并要经常把易错的地方拿来复习强化,作适当的重复性练习,把求老师问同学获得的东西消化变成自己的知识,长期坚持使对所学知识由“熟”到“活”。
(7)系统小结是通过积极思考,达到全面系统深刻地掌握知识和发展认识能力和重要环节。小结要在系统复习的基础上以教材为依据,参照笔记与资料,通过分析、综合、类比、概括,揭示知识间的内在联系,以达到对所学知识融会贯通的目的。经常进行多层次小结,能对所知识由“活”到“悟”。