高考英语常考知识点(汇总三篇)
做好每一个常考知识点的复习,会让你在考试中大获全胜。下面是百文网小编为大家收集整理的高考英语常考知识点以供大家学习。
高考英语常考知识点:for doing sth
根据英语的搭配习惯,有些名词通常要可接for doing sth作定语,而不接to do sth。这类名词比较常用的有:
1. apology 道歉
用于apology for doing sth,意为“为做某事而道歉”。如:
I make no apology for repeating the question. 我多问一遍又没有错。
I must offer her an apology for not going to her party. 我必须为未参加她的晚会表示歉意。
I must offer my apology for not coming to your party. 我没来参加你的晚会,必须向你道歉。
2. aptitude 才能,天资
用于aptitude for doing sth,意为“做某事的才能(资质、天资)”。如:
He has a natural aptitude for teaching. 他有教书的天赋。
Edison had a great aptitude for inventing things. 爱迪生具有发明创造的卓越才能。
His aptitude for dealing with children got him the job. 他善于与儿童打交道的本事使他得到了这份工作。
有时用于反语。如:
He has an unfortunate aptitude for saying the wrong thing. 他有失言的倒霉本事。
3. excuse 借口
用于excuse for doing sth,表示“做某事的借口”。如:
The student fabricate an excuse for being late. 这名学生为迟到编了一个借口。
His excuse for being late was that he had missed the bus. 他迟到的理由是没有赶上公共汽车。
They invented an excuse for having to leave earlier than usual. 他们为提前离开编造了一个借口。
4. fashion 时尚,流行
用于fashion for doing sth,意为“做某事的时尚”“流行做某事”“时兴做某事”。如:
There is a fashion for painting your nails green. 现在时兴把指甲染成绿色。
There was a fashion for keeping reptiles as pets. 当时流行养爬行动物当宠物。
5. genius 天赋
用于genius for doing sth,意为“做某事的天赋(本领等)”。如:
He has a genius for acting. 他具有表演天才。
He had a genius for making people feel at home. 他有一种能使人轻松自在的本领。
I have a genius for learning languages; I can speak 10 languages fluently. 我有学语言的天赋,能流利地说10种语言。
有时用于反语。如:
He has a genius for getting into trouble. 他是个招惹麻烦的能手。
6. grounds 理由,根据
用于grounds for doing sth,意为“做某事的理由(根据)”。如:
You have no grounds for complaining. 你没有抱怨的理由。
The constable had reasonable grounds for arresting her. 警察有正当的理由逮捕她。
Their lawyer submits that there are no grounds for denying bail. 他们的律师声称没有理由拒绝给予保释。
高考英语常考知识点:have+n.+in doing sth
英语中表示“叔叔”的单词是uncle,表示“阿姨”的词语是aunt。这两个单词看似简单,但在使用方面有很多需要注意的地方。
一、关于词义
英语中aunt 的意思很多,除表示“阿姨”外,还可表示“姑妈”“伯母”“舅妈”等,总之,一个人的父亲或母亲的姐妹,他都叫她aunt。同样的道理,英语中uncle的意思也很多,除表示“叔叔”外,还可表示“叔父”“伯父”“舅父”“姑父”“姨父”等,总之,一个人的父亲或母亲的兄弟,他都叫他aunt。
二、用于称呼
aunt和uncle均可用于称呼,不仅可以单独使用,也可与教名连用。如:
Hi, Aunt (Uncle)! 姑姑(叔叔),你好!
Aunt Mary is my mother’s sister. 玛丽姑妈是我母亲的妹妹。
Take me with you, Uncle Jack. 杰克叔叔,带我一起去吧。
三、词序问题
英语中既可说 aunt and uncle,也可说成 uncle and aunt。如:
My uncle and aunt are both away on holiday. 我的叔叔和阿姨都外出度假了。
Some of my relations, my mother’s aunt and uncle, live in America. 我有些亲戚,如我母亲的姑姑和叔叔,住在美国。
四、背景知识
1. Uncle Sam 意为“山姆大叔”,是美国或美国人的绰号。
比较:John Bull 意为“约翰牛”,是英国或英国人的绰号。
2. Uncle Tom, 意为“汤姆大伯”,指与白人交往且竭力讨好白人的黑人,常带有贬义。
高考英语常考知识点:look up the dictionary
汉语中的“查字典”,说成英语通常是 look up sth in a dictionary 或 consult [refer to] a dictionary。如:
I refer to the dictionary frequently. 我经常查阅词典。
You can look the word up in the dictionary. 你可以在词典里查这个词。
He often consulted a dictionary when he read the book. 他读这本书时经常查字典。
I looked the word up in the dictionary to refresh my memory of its exact meaning. 我查了词典,以便弄清这个词的准确意思。
I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 我经常在字典里或网上查找我不认识的单词。
“Is that the correct spelling?” “I don’t know—look it up in a dictionary.” “那是正确的拼写吗?”“我不知道——查查词典吧。”
I didn’t know what “loquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary. 我不知道loquacious这个是什么意思,所以只好查了词典。
有不少人认为英语习惯上不能直接说 look up the dictionary, 其实这种表达在英语中也可以用,只是比较少见而已。例如:
I spend more time looking up the dictionary than reading the book. 我读这本书时查字典的时间还多些。——摘自 L. G. Alexander 编《新概念英语》(外研社)
Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words. 查字典然后解释斜体词的意思。——摘自张汉熙编《高级英语》(商务印书馆)