英语单项选择题的答题技巧合集4篇
项选择题是继听力题后考查学生语言水平的第一项大题,单选题的成败关系到考生整场考试的心理状态和水平的发挥。现分享2015高考英语单选题解题技巧,供考生参考复习。
第一步:理解语境,推敲语义。
第二步:化繁为简,锁定考点。
第三步:寻找题眼,排除干扰项,确定答案。
除了经常用到的直接法和排除法,以下两种解题方法在答单项选择题时非常有效:
还原法:把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构,如将感叹句、倒装句、疑问句的题干改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,将强调句式、从句、插入语去掉,或者是将省略句补全;
类推法:如对题目的备选答案没有把握,利用“如果A对,那么B也对”进行判断和推理,排除A、B两个选项。要注意语境,利用信息,适当分析句子结构,特别注意疑问句、感叹句、定语从句中的句子成分还原;选定答案后尽量不琢磨,不轻易改动所选答案;注意这部分一定不要花过多的时间,尽量以30秒一题的速度答题。
删除法
(二模,22)-Why are you so familiar with my close friend Nipple?
-Yeah,I happen,believe it or not,____ him in a packed trip.
A. to meet B.to be meeting C.to have met D.to be met
正确答案为C。将believe it or not删除,使句子简化,即I happen ____him in a packed trip.因为说话人遇见Nipple 是在happen to (碰巧)之前,所以用to have met。
(一模,35)____ in running for head of the department,which most colleagues had not expected,made her parents very upset.
A.Lucy was defeated B.Lucy being defeated
C.Lucy's been defeated D.Lucy's being defeated
正确答案为D。题目中的非限制性定语从句起到补充说明的作用,可以先行删去使句子简化。句子的主干则变为____ in running for head of the department make her parents very upset.通过句子成分分析可知横线中的成分充当句子的主语,选择D,动名词的复合结构做句子主语。B项应该排除,因为动名词的复合结构做主语时,只能用名词的所有格,不能用普通格。
代入法
(二模,21)This course is based on a project,one of ____ aims is to improve the students' comprehensive ability in English.
A.whose B.which C.its D.what
正确答案为A。此题是考查的非限制性定语从句,先行词为project,可将project 代入定语从句中分析,即one of the project aims is to……不难发现,划线处应为the project's,原题中的划线处成分充当aims 的定语,所以选A。此题的难度不大,关键是考生在做题时要认真细致。如果审题不清,遗漏了“one of ____ aims is to improve”中的“is”,错误地看成了“aims to improve”,就容易误选成which了。
转换法
(二模,25) Look, ____beautiful flowers ____ the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.
A.such;is B.so;are C.how;is D.what;are
正确答案为A。此题是一个such在句首的结果状语从句的倒装现象,第二空考查了主谓一致。乍一看,这道题有点无从下手。我们可以将倒装句转换成正常的语序来降低句子难度,即The girl ____ carrying beautiful flowers that she becomes the focus in the room.如此一来,不难看出选A。The girl is carrying such beautiful folwers that she becomes the focus in the room.这个女孩捧着如此美丽的花以至于她成为了房间里瞩目的焦点。
(一模,21)-Kim,give me your report by 10am.
- ____ have you been in charge of this project?
A.Since when B.By whom C.For what D.From where
正确答案为A。此题答句是一个时间状语前置的疑问句,可将其改为肯定句,即You have been in charge of this project ____.根据语境,应该选since when,意思为“从何时起你负责这个项目?”
结合语境法
(二模,26)-Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?
-I ____ in Xinjiang for one year,volunteering services as a doctor.
A. have stayed B.stay C.stayed D.am staying
正确答案为C。由第一句话可知,答语中的人已经回来了,即已经不在新疆了。所以他曾经在新疆呆过一年,这个是过去发生事情,现在已经不在新疆了。由此可得出C。
(2014江苏高考,23)-How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
-Well,the media ____ it in a variety of forms.
A.cover B.will cover C.have covered D.covered
正确答案为C.。由答语中的“Well”可知,说话人对于南京青奥会非常了解,所以说媒体已经以各种形式报道过了。这题特别要注意语境,第一句话问道 “你对即将举行的南京青奥会了解多少?”很多考生会把答语中的“Well”理解为 “好吧,那么”,再根据第一句话中的“to be held in Nanjing”得出是“即将举行”,因此容易误选成B,用了将来时。实际上,答语中首先要回答前者的提问,所以考生在答题时一定要仔细审题,把握好语境。
此外,动词短语和同义词辨析也是近年来高考和模考考查的重点,2014年江苏高考英语单选题里共5道题涉及了动词短语或同义词辨析,今年的二模卷和一模卷里各有6道,占了单选这一项总题量的近一半。这类题要求学生平时善于总结和积累,整理易错题,及时复习,考前注意查漏补缺,知己知彼才能百战不殆。