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第I卷(选择题共85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节 满分20分)
第一节(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
听下面五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选出最
佳选项,并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。听完每段对话后,你将有5秒钟的时间来
回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. Which invention does the man think is the most important?
2. What festival are they talking about?
3. What did Mary use to look like?
4. How do people in China greet others when they meet for the first time?
5. Where did Lily go on vacation?
第二节(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
听下面四段对话和一段独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各小题;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读三遍。
听第6段材料,回答6 -7题。
6. What does John want to be when he grows up?
A. A runner. B. A musician. C. An astronaut.
7. What does he do every day to be stronger?
A. He studies hard. B. He plays sports. C. He has more healthy food.
听第 7段材料,回答 8 -10题。
8. Who does the boy want to buy a gift for?
A. His father. B. His grandfather. C. His mother.
9. Why doesn't the boy buy the black shirt?
A. Because he doesn't like the color.
B. Because the shirt is on sale.
C. Because he has no enough money.
10. How much will the boy pay for the gift at last?
听第 8段材料,回答 11 -13题。
11. How was Alice's holiday in the country?
A. Terrible. B. Very awful. C. Wonderful .
12. How was the weather there?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
13. What did they think of the people there?
A. Interesting. B. Friendly. C. Very unfriendly.
听第 9段材料,回答 14 - 16题。
14. Why can't the woman find the way?
A. Because Dazhou has changed a lot.
B. Because she is too old to remember the way.
C. Because she has never been to Dazhou before.
15. Why doesn't her daughter come to meet her?
A. Because she is too busy.
B. Because she doesn't know her mother came.
C. Because she is ill in hospital.
16. Where does her daughter work?
A. At the train station. B. In a Children's Hospital. C. In a school.
听下面一段独白,回答 17 - 20题。
17. How long did the speaker volunteer at the local store?
A. For a week. B. For a month. C. For one year.
18. What did the young lady want to buy for her son?
A. A toy. B. A bag. C. A check.
19. What happened to the young lady?
A. She lost her money somewhere. B. She left her wallet at home.
C. A thief took her wallet away.
20. Who helped the young lady finally?
A. The speaker's mother. B. The lady's son. C. The speaker.
第二部分 基础知识运用(共两节 满分30分)
第一节 单项选择(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
从每小题所给的A、 B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
21. —Do you like____movie Dan,gal?
—Yes. It's____educational movie.I like it very much.
A. the;an B.a;an C.a;the D.the;a
22. — Could you please offer me some____ in my research?
—Yes, sure.
A. idea B.message C.suggestion D.advice
23. —What about these two coats, madam?
— of them fits me. Could you show me one?
A. Either; other B. Neither; another C.Neither; else D.Either; another
24.____of the land in that town____covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B.Two fifth; are C.Two fifths; is D.Two fifths; are
25. —Is it____cheaper and____enjoyable to travel by train than by plane?
—Yes,I think so.
A. very; very more B.even;a little
C.more; much more D.much; far more
26. —____fine weather it is!
—Yes. Look! many people are walking around the park.
A. What;So B.How;So C.How; Such D.What a; So
27. —What's the matter,Jack?
—I down while I____on the ice. I got hurt badly.
A. was falling, skated B.fell, was skating
C.fell, skated D.was falling, was skating
28. —Hi, Tina! What are you going to do for the coming summer holiday?
—I am going to cooking because I like eating delicious food.
A. take down B.take up C.pick up D.clean up
29. —May we leave the classroom now?
— No, you . You to leave until the bell rings.
A. needn't; aren't allowed B. may not; are allowed
C. mustn't; aren't allowed D. can't; are allowed
30. —Do you prefer basketball with me?
—No, I'd rather at home and watch TV.
A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay
31. —Does your mother have a hobby?
— No, you call going shopping a hobby.
A. unless B. because C. although D. if
32. —Where's your brother?
—Oh, He the library and .
A. has been to; so Lucy is B. has gone to; so Lucy has
C. has gone to; so has Lucy D. has been in; so has Lucy
33. — kind of tea would you like?
—I love tea has a fruity taste.
A. Which;what B. What; which C. Whose; that D. What; who
34. —Excuse me, how long will it take me to get to the post office?
—Well, it depends on .
A. how you will get there B. when you will get there
C. where you will get D. how will you get there
35. —We failed in the dancing competition.
— . Better times are waiting for you.
A. Good luck B. Best wishes C. Great idea D. Cheer up
第二节 完形填空(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、 B、C、D四个选项中选
出可以填人相应空白处的最佳答案。
A
What is real happiness? Different people have different ideas about it.Some people like money better than 36 in the world in the past. They think if they are rich, they have happiness; nowadays some think if they are 37 ,they have happiness; others think if they help people in trouble, they have happiness.
In fact, everyone in the world needs happiness. Everyone wants to own happiness. Many
people always 38 happiness. Many people live in happiness, but they don't realize it. So you must have your own answers to happiness. You can find happiness 39 .For example, working is happiness; playing is happiness; reading is happiness.... happiness lies in what you do 40 you find and enjoy it.
36. A. nothing else B. anything else C. else nothing D. else anything
37. A. in good health B. in public C. in need D. in danger
38. A. look after B. look out C. look down D. look for
39. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere
40. A. as well as B. as soon as C. as long as D. as far as
B
On Oct. 16, 2016, Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-ll mission(任务), Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong, met the press(新闻发布会)Sunday ahead of Monday's launch.
Sitting under a national flag, the astronauts 41 in good spirits and answered several questions.
“ 42 the job is challenging, risky and dangerous, there is nothing more I would rather
do,” Jing Haipeng, 50, who is commander of this mission, told reporters. It will be Jing's 43 spaceflight following his Shenzhou-7 mission in September 2008 and Shenzhou-9 m/ssion in March 2012.
On Monday, China successfully launched (发射) manned spacecraft Shenzhou-ll carrying the two astronauts who will remain in space for 33 days. The spacecraft was sent up at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in 44 China's Gobi desert at 7: 30 a. m. Beijing time Monday with a Long March-2F Yll carrier rocket. The spacecraft has entered its designated orbit (轨道). The launch 45 a success by Zhang Youxia, about 19 minutes after the blast-off (发射).
Three weeks before the task, the family members of Jing Haipeng and ChenDong still knew nothing. Chen Dong has been a (an) 46 for many years before joining the space team. He and his wife now have a pair of five-year-old twin sons. One-month mission is not the longest time that Chen 47 away from home. When he was a pilot , he once did not come back home for half a year during a mission.
Cheng Dong described the experience as “no seeing, no 48 .” But with the help of Virtual Reality (虚拟现实) (VR) technology, astronauts will meet their family during free time. “If I see them (family members) , it will be different somehow,”Chen said.
For Jing, he looks very calm. In his first space mission on Shenzhou VII, his wife was so nervous 49 she almost did not sleep during those three days. Now that it is his third , his wife has 50 it.
41. A. met B. came C. appeared D. stood
42. A. Until B. Although C. Because D. But
43. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
44. A. northwest B. southwest C. northeast D. southeast
45. A. was told B. was announced C. was spoken D. was said
46. A. astronaut B. engineer C. pilot D. scientist
47. A. has stayed B. left C. has left D. stayed
48. A. listening B. watching C. noticing D. missing
49. A. one B. it C. this D. that
50. A. got used to B. used to C. been used for D. been used by
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节 满分30分)
第一节阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从每题所给的A. B. C.D四个选项中选出最佳答案。(本题共11小题,每小题2分,计22分)
A
For thousands of years, poetry has been the favorite type of literature (文学)for many in China. Chinese literature is one of the major parts of China's ancient traditions, and Chinese poetry is just like the best prize in this famous culture's literary treasure house.
There were many famous poets from different periods of time in Chinese history, and thousands of their poems are still read and appreciated (欣赏) today.
To remind people of those classic Chinese poems and to promote (推广) cultural heritage (遗产) , CCTV has produced a TV show - Chinese Poetry Competition. The final of the hit show's second season was shown on Feb. 7, 2017.
Wu Yishu, 16, who studies at the High School Affiliated to Fudan University in Shanghai,
came out on top. In an earlier program, Wu wowed (赢得喝彩) the audience when performing in a section entitled “Feihualing”.
“I really admire her knowledge of poems,” said Huang Zijin, 16, a senior 2 student from
Ningbo High School . “What's more, she always appears so calm throughout the show, which is
very unusual for her age.” As the old saying goes: “One who is filled with knowledge always
behaves with elegance (优雅).”
“Learning poems isn't about winning or losing. The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner world,” said Li Bo, an expert guest at the Chinese Poetry
Competition's second season. Li Dingguang told China. org. cn. “It's important to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.”
51. What is like the best prize in this famous culture's literary treasure house?
A. Chinese poetry. B. Chinese literature.
C. China's ancient traditions. D. China's ancient culture.
52. Who won the first prize in the Chinese Poetry Competition?
A. Li Dingguang. B. Li Bo. C. Huang Zijin. D. Wu Yishu.
53. According to the article, which of the following is FALSE ?
A. Thousands of famous poets' poems are still read and appreciated today.
B. Wu Yishu appeared so calm throughout the show.
C. It's unimportant to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.
D. Li Bo said, “Learning poems isn't about winning or losing.”
54. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. Enjoying Beautiful Literature
B. Enjoying Beautiful Poetry
C. Joining English Speaking Competition
D. Holding Chinese Literature Competition
B
Fu Yuanhui is an Olympic swimmer from the Chinese city of Hangzhou. She competed in the l00-meter backstroke event in Rio de Janeiro. She finished third in her semi-final swim on August 7. Shortly after the semi-finals, She became a trending topic on Chinese social media and she became famous quickly around the world. It was not her swimming, however, that made her famous. It was some of the words she made afterward.
A Chinese reporter spoke with her after the semi-finals. The reporter told her that she swam the race in under 59 seconds. This seemed to shock her. “58. 95?” she said with excitement. “I was really fast!” She told the reporter that she used “mystical powers” in her swim.
Her shock, joy and honesty won her many friends in China and around the world. People began making GIFs of her excited facial expressions. Those images spread quickly.
One American wrote, “Fu Yuanhui from China is the loveliest person on the planet.” Even the Huffington Post website called her, the “most lovable swimmer at the Rio Olympics.”
Fu's fame only grew on August 9, when she competed in the l00-meter backstroke finals. She beat her semi-final time. She swam the race in 58. 76 seconds. It was fast enough to earn (嬴得) her a share of the bronze medal. She tied for third place with Kylie Masse of Canada.
Her words after the race won her even more followers in China and around the world. At first, the swimmer said she does not think she won a medal. She said she is still pleased with her time because she beat the Asian record. A reporter told her that she was just 0.01 seconds behind the silver medal winner. She said she couldn't reach second place because “her arms are too short.”
Her reaction (反应) and personality have made her one of China's - and the world's – favorite Olympians. The New York Times newspaper wrote Thursday of the swimmer, “Rather than mere happiness at her performances, Ms. Fu, 20, exhibits something closer to pure (纯粹的) joy, bouncing around and making lively faces.”
55. What made Fu Yuanhui famous in China and around the world ?
A. Her bronze medal. B. Her funny words and swimming.
C. Her different lively faces. D. Some of her words and expressions.
56. The underlined words “mystical powers” mean in Chinese.
A.洪荒之力 B.洪荒之利 C.不可思议 D.神秘的力量
57. From the passage, what can we know about Fu Yuanhui ?
A. She is a very brave and honest girl.
B. She is true to reporters as well as to herself.
C. She is a swimmer who is good at making a speech.
D. She is not so strict with herself in the Olympic competition.
58. What does the story mainly tell us in the passage?
A. Fu Yuanhui had more followers in China and around the world.
B. Fu Yuanhui was the most lovable swimmer at the Rio Olympics.
C. Fu Yuanhui showed the world how to express pure happiness.
D. Fu Yuanhui beat the Asian record in the l00-meter backstroke finals.
C
The roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum for Intemational Cooperation (合作) was held on May14, 2017 in Beijing. President Xi Jinping made a theme speech at the Opening Ceremony.
Distinguished guests from over 100 countries attended this important forum on the Belt and Road Initiative.
Over 2,000 years ago, our ancestors opened the transcontinental (横贯大陆的) passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, known today as the Silk Road. They also created sea routes connecting the East with the West, namely, the maritime (海洋) Silk Road. These ancient silk routes opened windows of friendly engagement among nations.
In China's Han Dynasty around 140 B. C. , Zhang Qian left Chang'an. He made a journey to the Western regions and opened an overland route connecting the East and the West. Centuries later, in the years of Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, such silk routes, both over land and at sea, great adventurers, including Du Huan of China, Marco Polo of Italy, left their footprints along these ancient routes. In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous Chinese navigator (航海家) in the Ming Dynasty, made seven voyages to the Western Seas, a great achievement which still is remembered today. Generation after generation, the silk routes travelers have built a bridge for peace and East-West cooperation.
The Belt and Road Initiative is rooted c檀根) in the ancient Silk Road. It focuses on the
Asian, European and African continents, but is also open to all other countries. All countries, from
either Asia, Europe, Africa or the Americas, can be international cooperation partners of the Belt
and Road Initiative.
Today, China is trying to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The Belt and Road can create chances in challenges and changes. "Peaches and plums do not speak, but they are so attractive that a path is formed below the trees. " Four years on, over 100 countries and international organizations have supported and got involved in this initiative. We are sure the dream of the Belt and Road is coming true.
59. According to this passage, can we infer which of the following is TRUE?
A. The Belt and Road Initiative focuses on the Asian, European and American continents.
B. Zhang Qian left Chang'an and created sea routes connecting the East with the West.
C. The roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum was held successfully in Beijing.
D. Marco Polo of Italy left his footprints along these ancient routes in the Song Dynasty.
60. Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage.
①These ancient silk routes opened windows of friendly engagement among nations.
②The silk routes travelers have built a bridge for peace and East-West cooperation.
③President Xi Jinping made a theme speech at the Opening Ceremony.
④The Belt and Road can create chances in challenges and changes.
⑤The Belt and Road Initiative is rooted in the ancient Silk Road.
A. ③②④①⑤ B. ②①④⑤③ C. ②③①④⑤ D. ③①②⑤④
61. What's the meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A.使者相望于道,商旅不绝于途。 B.桃李不言,下自成蹊。
C.不积跬步,无以至千里。 D.伟业非一日之功。
第二节 根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文。(本题共 4小题,每小题2分,计 8分)
A young man went to visit a wise man who lived deep in the mountain. He wanted to ask for wisdom of life.
“Excuse me! 62 Is it the day we were born or the day we die? Is it the day we fall in love or the day we are successful?” the young man asked.
“None. The most important day in our lives is today. ” the wise man replied calmly.
“Why?” the young man was very surprised. “ 63 ”
“No. Nothing has happened today.”
“So is it because of my visit?”
“Even if nobody visited me today, today is still very important, because today is the only
wealth we have. No matter how important yesterday is, it has gone by; 64 No matter how
ordinary and boring today is, it is in our hands.”
The young man still wanted to ask something, but the wise man stopped him and said, “When we are talking about the importance of today, we have wasted a lot of it. That is to say, part of ‘today’ has passed.”
Having understood this, the young man nodded and then went down the mountain.
65 Therefore, what we should do now is to forget yesterday and tomorrow and catch hold of today !
A. Is it because there is some unusual event taking place today?
B. Actually today is the only wealth and chance we have.
C. No matter how wonderful tomorrow may be, it hasn't come.
D. Could you tell me what is the most important day in our lives?
第四部分 口语应用(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
从下面的方框中选择适当的选项补全对话。(有两项是多余的)
W: Good evening, Ted! Tell our listeners what you do, please.
M: Good eveningl I help collect rubbish along the Zhou River with other members in our volunteer team.
W: That's great! 66.
M: As you see, the Zhou River is our mother river. It provides us with clear water. 67.
W: I agree with you. 68.
M: Um... 10 girls and 15 boys.
W: When do you do this work?
M: We live near the river. 69. and when we see the rubbish, we collect it.
W: 70.
A. In cities, pollution is mainly from factories.
B. How many members do you have in the team?
C. It's good for your health and the environment, isn't it?
D. How did you come up with the idea?
E. What about rubbish pollution?
F. We don't want it to be polluted.
G. After dinner every evening, we take a long walk along the side of the river
M: Yeah, I think so.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)
第五部分 任务型阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
根据短文后所给的任务,完成71 - 75小题。
How do you decide if someone is smart? One way is to find A the person's intelligence quotient(智商),or IQ.
A 12-year-old girl recently took an IQ test. People found that her IQ is higher than Albert
Einstein's and Stephen Hawking's! Rajgauri Pawar, an Indian girl studying in England, scored 162 in the famous Mensa(门萨)IQ test, reported the Independent. Mensa, founded in England in 1946, is the largest and oldest high IQ society in the world. To become a Mensa member, you must have an IQ that falls in the top 2 percent of the population that take the tests. Hawking got a score of 160. Although Einstein never took the test,①Hawking's, his, said, as, would, same, experts, score, the, be.
However, what does having a high IQ mean? Will those with a high IQ definitely become the next Einstein or Hawking?
Not necessarily. Most IQ tests, including the Mensa one, test one's ability in math, language
and memory. However, these tests don't test abilities B knowing how to make things work, according to Richard Nisbett,a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, US. It doesn't test your creativity or curiosity, either. Also,a lot of things can affect one's IQ score, including poverty, nutrition【营养),stress and how familiar you are with the tests.
Lisa Van Gemert,a Mensa expert, said that good habits, perseverance and a strong work ethic are just as important as intelligence. ② “If you don't develop those other qualities, you can waste a smart IQ,” she said.
任务一:请分别在文中A、B两处的横线上填人适当的单词。
71. (A)_______ ; (B) __________
任务二:请将文中①处后面斜体单词连成句子。
72.____
任务三:请将文中②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
73.____
任务四:请回答问题:What can also influence one's IQ score?
74.____
任务五:请给短文拟一个适当的题目。(10词以内)
75. _______________________
第六部分 词汇运用(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
run she use thank compare foot healthy important will burn
Being a fit and healthy person is very important for lots of people today. In fact, some people like running and exercising so much that they love keeping track of it.
76. to fitness apps and gadgets (小机械) , people can measure (/Amij量) every step they take, what they eat and every calorie they burn. They might wear a special watch on their
wrist, shoes on their 77. or use different apps on their phone to measure their
movements. 78. , once they have done that they post it on social media. All of their
friends can see where they 79. . what activities they've done or what they had for lunch.
Sounds familiar?
Doctor Daniel Kraft from the United States makes gadgets for people like this. He told the
Digital Health Summit that these people 80. become the norm(帝态) in the future.
And I think he's right. I can see the world of 81. and fitness changing around me every day.
One of my friends, named Anna Palmer, is always 82. the latest fitness gadgets. Her favorite is an app called Argus. She uses it on her phone to measure her steps, heart rate and amount of calories she has 83. . She always posts these things, and pictures of 84. exercising, on social media. “It's nice to know exactly how much exercise you have
done, rather than guess,” she said. “That way I can keep pushing myself to improve.”
Also, my friends in China use WeChat 85. how many steps they've taken each day. They are very competitive about this!
第七部分 完成句子(共两节 满分10分)
第一节句型转换(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
按要求完成下面各句。每空一词。
86. The little girl put her things on the floor.(改为一般疑问句)
______the little girl____her things on the floor?
87. This warning sign tells us not to pick flowers.(保持句意基本不变)
This warning sign says,“____ ____flowers!”
88. The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating. (改为被动语态)
The plates____ _____away by the waiter after we finished eating.
89. Mr. Black decided to send his son to China.(改为同义句)
Mr. Black____the____to send his son to China.
90. Whose schoolbag is on the desk? Father asked.(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Father asked _____ schoolbag____on the desk.
第二节汉译英(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
根据所给的中文意思完成句子,每空一词。
91.请认真对待老师所说的话。
Please____what the teacher said____.
92.他们已经决定成立一个帮助留守儿童的团体。
They have decided to____ _____a group to help the stay-at-home children.
93.莲花湖公园被认为是达州最美的公园之一。
LianHua Lake Park is____ ______one of the most beautiful parks in DaZhou.
94.如果我们都齐心协力,我们就会完成这项任务。
If all of us____ ______,we're going to finish the task.
95.孩子们高兴地在那儿互相扔雪球。
The children are happily____snowballs____each other over there.
第八部分 书面表达(10分)
96.某班英语课上,就“争当中华好少年”进行小组交流活动,请你根据活动记录情况,以
“How to be a good student?”为题,写一篇英语短文。
要求:1.全文字数90词左右。文章开头已给出,不计入单词总数。
2.条理清楚,书写T整,句式规范,标点符号和大小写使用正确。
3.内容必须包含表格中的提示信息,并适当发挥;文中不能m现真实的人名、
地名。
How to be a good student?
It's very important to be a good student. As teenagers, how to be a good student?
In my opinion,______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2018年的四川省中考时间已经确定,英语成绩不太好的同学,应该多花点时间多做英语试卷。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年四川省中考英语试卷,希望对大家有帮助!
第I卷(选择题共85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节 满分20分)
第一节(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
听下面五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选出最
佳选项,并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。听完每段对话后,你将有5秒钟的时间来
回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. Which invention does the man think is the most important?
2. What festival are they talking about?
3. What did Mary use to look like?
4. How do people in China greet others when they meet for the first time?
5. Where did Lily go on vacation?
第二节(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
听下面四段对话和一段独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并将答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各小题;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读三遍。
听第6段材料,回答6 -7题。
6. What does John want to be when he grows up?
A. A runner. B. A musician. C. An astronaut.
7. What does he do every day to be stronger?
A. He studies hard. B. He plays sports. C. He has more healthy food.
听第 7段材料,回答 8 -10题。
8. Who does the boy want to buy a gift for?
A. His father. B. His grandfather. C. His mother.
9. Why doesn't the boy buy the black shirt?
A. Because he doesn't like the color.
B. Because the shirt is on sale.
C. Because he has no enough money.
10. How much will the boy pay for the gift at last?
听第 8段材料,回答 11 -13题。
11. How was Alice's holiday in the country?
A. Terrible. B. Very awful. C. Wonderful .
12. How was the weather there?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
13. What did they think of the people there?
A. Interesting. B. Friendly. C. Very unfriendly.
听第 9段材料,回答 14 - 16题。
14. Why can't the woman find the way?
A. Because Dazhou has changed a lot.
B. Because she is too old to remember the way.
C. Because she has never been to Dazhou before.
15. Why doesn't her daughter come to meet her?
A. Because she is too busy.
B. Because she doesn't know her mother came.
C. Because she is ill in hospital.
16. Where does her daughter work?
A. At the train station. B. In a Children's Hospital. C. In a school.
听下面一段独白,回答 17 - 20题。
17. How long did the speaker volunteer at the local store?
A. For a week. B. For a month. C. For one year.
18. What did the young lady want to buy for her son?
A. A toy. B. A bag. C. A check.
19. What happened to the young lady?
A. She lost her money somewhere. B. She left her wallet at home.
C. A thief took her wallet away.
20. Who helped the young lady finally?
A. The speaker's mother. B. The lady's son. C. The speaker.
第二部分 基础知识运用(共两节 满分30分)
第一节 单项选择(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
从每小题所给的A、 B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
21. —Do you like____movie Dan,gal?
—Yes. It's____educational movie.I like it very much.
A. the;an B.a;an C.a;the D.the;a
22. — Could you please offer me some____ in my research?
—Yes, sure.
A. idea B.message C.suggestion D.advice
23. —What about these two coats, madam?
— of them fits me. Could you show me one?
A. Either; other B. Neither; another C.Neither; else D.Either; another
24.____of the land in that town____covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B.Two fifth; are C.Two fifths; is D.Two fifths; are
25. —Is it____cheaper and____enjoyable to travel by train than by plane?
—Yes,I think so.
A. very; very more B.even;a little
C.more; much more D.much; far more
26. —____fine weather it is!
—Yes. Look! many people are walking around the park.
A. What;So B.How;So C.How; Such D.What a; So
27. —What's the matter,Jack?
—I down while I____on the ice. I got hurt badly.
A. was falling, skated B.fell, was skating
C.fell, skated D.was falling, was skating
28. —Hi, Tina! What are you going to do for the coming summer holiday?
—I am going to cooking because I like eating delicious food.
A. take down B.take up C.pick up D.clean up
29. —May we leave the classroom now?
— No, you . You to leave until the bell rings.
A. needn't; aren't allowed B. may not; are allowed
C. mustn't; aren't allowed D. can't; are allowed
30. —Do you prefer basketball with me?
—No, I'd rather at home and watch TV.
A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay
31. —Does your mother have a hobby?
— No, you call going shopping a hobby.
A. unless B. because C. although D. if
32. —Where's your brother?
—Oh, He the library and .
A. has been to; so Lucy is B. has gone to; so Lucy has
C. has gone to; so has Lucy D. has been in; so has Lucy
33. — kind of tea would you like?
—I love tea has a fruity taste.
A. Which;what B. What; which C. Whose; that D. What; who
34. —Excuse me, how long will it take me to get to the post office?
—Well, it depends on .
A. how you will get there B. when you will get there
C. where you will get D. how will you get there
35. —We failed in the dancing competition.
— . Better times are waiting for you.
A. Good luck B. Best wishes C. Great idea D. Cheer up
第二节 完形填空(本题共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、 B、C、D四个选项中选
出可以填人相应空白处的最佳答案。
A
What is real happiness? Different people have different ideas about it.Some people like money better than 36 in the world in the past. They think if they are rich, they have happiness; nowadays some think if they are 37 ,they have happiness; others think if they help people in trouble, they have happiness.
In fact, everyone in the world needs happiness. Everyone wants to own happiness. Many
people always 38 happiness. Many people live in happiness, but they don't realize it. So you must have your own answers to happiness. You can find happiness 39 .For example, working is happiness; playing is happiness; reading is happiness.... happiness lies in what you do 40 you find and enjoy it.
36. A. nothing else B. anything else C. else nothing D. else anything
37. A. in good health B. in public C. in need D. in danger
38. A. look after B. look out C. look down D. look for
39. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere
40. A. as well as B. as soon as C. as long as D. as far as
B
On Oct. 16, 2016, Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-ll mission(任务), Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong, met the press(新闻发布会)Sunday ahead of Monday's launch.
Sitting under a national flag, the astronauts 41 in good spirits and answered several questions.
“ 42 the job is challenging, risky and dangerous, there is nothing more I would rather
do,” Jing Haipeng, 50, who is commander of this mission, told reporters. It will be Jing's 43 spaceflight following his Shenzhou-7 mission in September 2008 and Shenzhou-9 m/ssion in March 2012.
On Monday, China successfully launched (发射) manned spacecraft Shenzhou-ll carrying the two astronauts who will remain in space for 33 days. The spacecraft was sent up at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in 44 China's Gobi desert at 7: 30 a. m. Beijing time Monday with a Long March-2F Yll carrier rocket. The spacecraft has entered its designated orbit (轨道). The launch 45 a success by Zhang Youxia, about 19 minutes after the blast-off (发射).
Three weeks before the task, the family members of Jing Haipeng and ChenDong still knew nothing. Chen Dong has been a (an) 46 for many years before joining the space team. He and his wife now have a pair of five-year-old twin sons. One-month mission is not the longest time that Chen 47 away from home. When he was a pilot , he once did not come back home for half a year during a mission.
Cheng Dong described the experience as “no seeing, no 48 .” But with the help of Virtual Reality (虚拟现实) (VR) technology, astronauts will meet their family during free time. “If I see them (family members) , it will be different somehow,”Chen said.
For Jing, he looks very calm. In his first space mission on Shenzhou VII, his wife was so nervous 49 she almost did not sleep during those three days. Now that it is his third , his wife has 50 it.
41. A. met B. came C. appeared D. stood
42. A. Until B. Although C. Because D. But
43. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
44. A. northwest B. southwest C. northeast D. southeast
45. A. was told B. was announced C. was spoken D. was said
46. A. astronaut B. engineer C. pilot D. scientist
47. A. has stayed B. left C. has left D. stayed
48. A. listening B. watching C. noticing D. missing
49. A. one B. it C. this D. that
50. A. got used to B. used to C. been used for D. been used by
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节 满分30分)
第一节阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从每题所给的A. B. C.D四个选项中选出最佳答案。(本题共11小题,每小题2分,计22分)
A
For thousands of years, poetry has been the favorite type of literature (文学)for many in China. Chinese literature is one of the major parts of China's ancient traditions, and Chinese poetry is just like the best prize in this famous culture's literary treasure house.
There were many famous poets from different periods of time in Chinese history, and thousands of their poems are still read and appreciated (欣赏) today.
To remind people of those classic Chinese poems and to promote (推广) cultural heritage (遗产) , CCTV has produced a TV show - Chinese Poetry Competition. The final of the hit show's second season was shown on Feb. 7, 2017.
Wu Yishu, 16, who studies at the High School Affiliated to Fudan University in Shanghai,
came out on top. In an earlier program, Wu wowed (赢得喝彩) the audience when performing in a section entitled “Feihualing”.
“I really admire her knowledge of poems,” said Huang Zijin, 16, a senior 2 student from
Ningbo High School . “What's more, she always appears so calm throughout the show, which is
very unusual for her age.” As the old saying goes: “One who is filled with knowledge always
behaves with elegance (优雅).”
“Learning poems isn't about winning or losing. The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner world,” said Li Bo, an expert guest at the Chinese Poetry
Competition's second season. Li Dingguang told China. org. cn. “It's important to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.”
51. What is like the best prize in this famous culture's literary treasure house?
A. Chinese poetry. B. Chinese literature.
C. China's ancient traditions. D. China's ancient culture.
52. Who won the first prize in the Chinese Poetry Competition?
A. Li Dingguang. B. Li Bo. C. Huang Zijin. D. Wu Yishu.
53. According to the article, which of the following is FALSE ?
A. Thousands of famous poets' poems are still read and appreciated today.
B. Wu Yishu appeared so calm throughout the show.
C. It's unimportant to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.
D. Li Bo said, “Learning poems isn't about winning or losing.”
54. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. Enjoying Beautiful Literature
B. Enjoying Beautiful Poetry
C. Joining English Speaking Competition
D. Holding Chinese Literature Competition
B
Fu Yuanhui is an Olympic swimmer from the Chinese city of Hangzhou. She competed in the l00-meter backstroke event in Rio de Janeiro. She finished third in her semi-final swim on August 7. Shortly after the semi-finals, She became a trending topic on Chinese social media and she became famous quickly around the world. It was not her swimming, however, that made her famous. It was some of the words she made afterward.
A Chinese reporter spoke with her after the semi-finals. The reporter told her that she swam the race in under 59 seconds. This seemed to shock her. “58. 95?” she said with excitement. “I was really fast!” She told the reporter that she used “mystical powers” in her swim.
Her shock, joy and honesty won her many friends in China and around the world. People began making GIFs of her excited facial expressions. Those images spread quickly.
One American wrote, “Fu Yuanhui from China is the loveliest person on the planet.” Even the Huffington Post website called her, the “most lovable swimmer at the Rio Olympics.”
Fu's fame only grew on August 9, when she competed in the l00-meter backstroke finals. She beat her semi-final time. She swam the race in 58. 76 seconds. It was fast enough to earn (嬴得) her a share of the bronze medal. She tied for third place with Kylie Masse of Canada.
Her words after the race won her even more followers in China and around the world. At first, the swimmer said she does not think she won a medal. She said she is still pleased with her time because she beat the Asian record. A reporter told her that she was just 0.01 seconds behind the silver medal winner. She said she couldn't reach second place because “her arms are too short.”
Her reaction (反应) and personality have made her one of China's - and the world's – favorite Olympians. The New York Times newspaper wrote Thursday of the swimmer, “Rather than mere happiness at her performances, Ms. Fu, 20, exhibits something closer to pure (纯粹的) joy, bouncing around and making lively faces.”
55. What made Fu Yuanhui famous in China and around the world ?
A. Her bronze medal. B. Her funny words and swimming.
C. Her different lively faces. D. Some of her words and expressions.
56. The underlined words “mystical powers” mean in Chinese.
A.洪荒之力 B.洪荒之利 C.不可思议 D.神秘的力量
57. From the passage, what can we know about Fu Yuanhui ?
A. She is a very brave and honest girl.
B. She is true to reporters as well as to herself.
C. She is a swimmer who is good at making a speech.
D. She is not so strict with herself in the Olympic competition.
58. What does the story mainly tell us in the passage?
A. Fu Yuanhui had more followers in China and around the world.
B. Fu Yuanhui was the most lovable swimmer at the Rio Olympics.
C. Fu Yuanhui showed the world how to express pure happiness.
D. Fu Yuanhui beat the Asian record in the l00-meter backstroke finals.
C
The roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum for Intemational Cooperation (合作) was held on May14, 2017 in Beijing. President Xi Jinping made a theme speech at the Opening Ceremony.
Distinguished guests from over 100 countries attended this important forum on the Belt and Road Initiative.
Over 2,000 years ago, our ancestors opened the transcontinental (横贯大陆的) passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, known today as the Silk Road. They also created sea routes connecting the East with the West, namely, the maritime (海洋) Silk Road. These ancient silk routes opened windows of friendly engagement among nations.
In China's Han Dynasty around 140 B. C. , Zhang Qian left Chang'an. He made a journey to the Western regions and opened an overland route connecting the East and the West. Centuries later, in the years of Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, such silk routes, both over land and at sea, great adventurers, including Du Huan of China, Marco Polo of Italy, left their footprints along these ancient routes. In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous Chinese navigator (航海家) in the Ming Dynasty, made seven voyages to the Western Seas, a great achievement which still is remembered today. Generation after generation, the silk routes travelers have built a bridge for peace and East-West cooperation.
The Belt and Road Initiative is rooted c檀根) in the ancient Silk Road. It focuses on the
Asian, European and African continents, but is also open to all other countries. All countries, from
either Asia, Europe, Africa or the Americas, can be international cooperation partners of the Belt
and Road Initiative.
Today, China is trying to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The Belt and Road can create chances in challenges and changes. "Peaches and plums do not speak, but they are so attractive that a path is formed below the trees. " Four years on, over 100 countries and international organizations have supported and got involved in this initiative. We are sure the dream of the Belt and Road is coming true.
59. According to this passage, can we infer which of the following is TRUE?
A. The Belt and Road Initiative focuses on the Asian, European and American continents.
B. Zhang Qian left Chang'an and created sea routes connecting the East with the West.
C. The roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum was held successfully in Beijing.
D. Marco Polo of Italy left his footprints along these ancient routes in the Song Dynasty.
60. Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage.
①These ancient silk routes opened windows of friendly engagement among nations.
②The silk routes travelers have built a bridge for peace and East-West cooperation.
③President Xi Jinping made a theme speech at the Opening Ceremony.
④The Belt and Road can create chances in challenges and changes.
⑤The Belt and Road Initiative is rooted in the ancient Silk Road.
A. ③②④①⑤ B. ②①④⑤③ C. ②③①④⑤ D. ③①②⑤④
61. What's the meaning of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A.使者相望于道,商旅不绝于途。 B.桃李不言,下自成蹊。
C.不积跬步,无以至千里。 D.伟业非一日之功。
第二节 根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的选项补全短文。(本题共 4小题,每小题2分,计 8分)
A young man went to visit a wise man who lived deep in the mountain. He wanted to ask for wisdom of life.
“Excuse me! 62 Is it the day we were born or the day we die? Is it the day we fall in love or the day we are successful?” the young man asked.
“None. The most important day in our lives is today. ” the wise man replied calmly.
“Why?” the young man was very surprised. “ 63 ”
“No. Nothing has happened today.”
“So is it because of my visit?”
“Even if nobody visited me today, today is still very important, because today is the only
wealth we have. No matter how important yesterday is, it has gone by; 64 No matter how
ordinary and boring today is, it is in our hands.”
The young man still wanted to ask something, but the wise man stopped him and said, “When we are talking about the importance of today, we have wasted a lot of it. That is to say, part of ‘today’ has passed.”
Having understood this, the young man nodded and then went down the mountain.
65 Therefore, what we should do now is to forget yesterday and tomorrow and catch hold of today !
A. Is it because there is some unusual event taking place today?
B. Actually today is the only wealth and chance we have.
C. No matter how wonderful tomorrow may be, it hasn't come.
D. Could you tell me what is the most important day in our lives?
第四部分 口语应用(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
从下面的方框中选择适当的选项补全对话。(有两项是多余的)
W: Good evening, Ted! Tell our listeners what you do, please.
M: Good eveningl I help collect rubbish along the Zhou River with other members in our volunteer team.
W: That's great! 66.
M: As you see, the Zhou River is our mother river. It provides us with clear water. 67.
W: I agree with you. 68.
M: Um... 10 girls and 15 boys.
W: When do you do this work?
M: We live near the river. 69. and when we see the rubbish, we collect it.
W: 70.
A. In cities, pollution is mainly from factories.
B. How many members do you have in the team?
C. It's good for your health and the environment, isn't it?
D. How did you come up with the idea?
E. What about rubbish pollution?
F. We don't want it to be polluted.
G. After dinner every evening, we take a long walk along the side of the river
M: Yeah, I think so.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)
第五部分 任务型阅读(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
根据短文后所给的任务,完成71 - 75小题。
How do you decide if someone is smart? One way is to find A the person's intelligence quotient(智商),or IQ.
A 12-year-old girl recently took an IQ test. People found that her IQ is higher than Albert
Einstein's and Stephen Hawking's! Rajgauri Pawar, an Indian girl studying in England, scored 162 in the famous Mensa(门萨)IQ test, reported the Independent. Mensa, founded in England in 1946, is the largest and oldest high IQ society in the world. To become a Mensa member, you must have an IQ that falls in the top 2 percent of the population that take the tests. Hawking got a score of 160. Although Einstein never took the test,①Hawking's, his, said, as, would, same, experts, score, the, be.
However, what does having a high IQ mean? Will those with a high IQ definitely become the next Einstein or Hawking?
Not necessarily. Most IQ tests, including the Mensa one, test one's ability in math, language
and memory. However, these tests don't test abilities B knowing how to make things work, according to Richard Nisbett,a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, US. It doesn't test your creativity or curiosity, either. Also,a lot of things can affect one's IQ score, including poverty, nutrition【营养),stress and how familiar you are with the tests.
Lisa Van Gemert,a Mensa expert, said that good habits, perseverance and a strong work ethic are just as important as intelligence. ② “If you don't develop those other qualities, you can waste a smart IQ,” she said.
任务一:请分别在文中A、B两处的横线上填人适当的单词。
71. (A)_______ ; (B) __________
任务二:请将文中①处后面斜体单词连成句子。
72.____
任务三:请将文中②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
73.____
任务四:请回答问题:What can also influence one's IQ score?
74.____
任务五:请给短文拟一个适当的题目。(10词以内)
75. _______________________
第六部分 词汇运用(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
run she use thank compare foot healthy important will burn
Being a fit and healthy person is very important for lots of people today. In fact, some people like running and exercising so much that they love keeping track of it.
76. to fitness apps and gadgets (小机械) , people can measure (/Amij量) every step they take, what they eat and every calorie they burn. They might wear a special watch on their
wrist, shoes on their 77. or use different apps on their phone to measure their
movements. 78. , once they have done that they post it on social media. All of their
friends can see where they 79. . what activities they've done or what they had for lunch.
Sounds familiar?
Doctor Daniel Kraft from the United States makes gadgets for people like this. He told the
Digital Health Summit that these people 80. become the norm(帝态) in the future.
And I think he's right. I can see the world of 81. and fitness changing around me every day.
One of my friends, named Anna Palmer, is always 82. the latest fitness gadgets. Her favorite is an app called Argus. She uses it on her phone to measure her steps, heart rate and amount of calories she has 83. . She always posts these things, and pictures of 84. exercising, on social media. “It's nice to know exactly how much exercise you have
done, rather than guess,” she said. “That way I can keep pushing myself to improve.”
Also, my friends in China use WeChat 85. how many steps they've taken each day. They are very competitive about this!
第七部分 完成句子(共两节 满分10分)
第一节句型转换(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
按要求完成下面各句。每空一词。
86. The little girl put her things on the floor.(改为一般疑问句)
______the little girl____her things on the floor?
87. This warning sign tells us not to pick flowers.(保持句意基本不变)
This warning sign says,“____ ____flowers!”
88. The waiter took away the plates after we finished eating. (改为被动语态)
The plates____ _____away by the waiter after we finished eating.
89. Mr. Black decided to send his son to China.(改为同义句)
Mr. Black____the____to send his son to China.
90. Whose schoolbag is on the desk? Father asked.(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Father asked _____ schoolbag____on the desk.
第二节汉译英(本题共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)
根据所给的中文意思完成句子,每空一词。
91.请认真对待老师所说的话。
Please____what the teacher said____.
92.他们已经决定成立一个帮助留守儿童的团体。
They have decided to____ _____a group to help the stay-at-home children.
93.莲花湖公园被认为是达州最美的公园之一。
LianHua Lake Park is____ ______one of the most beautiful parks in DaZhou.
94.如果我们都齐心协力,我们就会完成这项任务。
If all of us____ ______,we're going to finish the task.
95.孩子们高兴地在那儿互相扔雪球。
The children are happily____snowballs____each other over there.
第八部分 书面表达(10分)
96.某班英语课上,就“争当中华好少年”进行小组交流活动,请你根据活动记录情况,以
“How to be a good student?”为题,写一篇英语短文。
要求:1.全文字数90词左右。文章开头已给出,不计入单词总数。
2.条理清楚,书写T整,句式规范,标点符号和大小写使用正确。
3.内容必须包含表格中的提示信息,并适当发挥;文中不能m现真实的人名、
地名。
How to be a good student?
It's very important to be a good student. As teenagers, how to be a good student?
In my opinion,
2018年的盐城市中考正在复习当中,往年中考的英语试卷大家都做了吗?下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年盐城市中考英语试卷,希望对大家有帮助!
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)
一、单项选择(共15小题;每小题1分,计15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( )1. April 1 China announced that it would build the Xiongan New Area in Hebei
province.
A. On B. In C. At D. To
( )2. Jackie Chan won an Oscar after 56-year-long career in the film industry.
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
( )3. fine weather it is! Let’s go on a picnic!
A. What a B. what C. How D. How a
( )4. When a virus comes into our body, we get ill. The same thing also happen to a computer.
A. should B. need C. can D. must
( )5. Fire is very dangerous. You can’t be careful with it!
A. very B. quite C. so D. too
( )6. China has seen a trend(潮流)of shared bikes since last year.
A. ride B. riding C. take D. taking
( )7. I felt much after I told the problems to my close friend.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
( )8. It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts to teach soccer school students.
A. invite B. invited C. to be invited D. will be invited
( )9. — have you studied in this school?
—For nearly three years.
A. How often B. How far C. How much D. how long
( )10. You will be able to see something you climb onto those rocks.
A. if B. though C. until D. unless
( )11. My brother the Indian film Dangal when I phoned him yesterday.
A. watches B. has watched C. is watching D. was watching
( )12. To athletes, the most important thing is not to win a gold or silver, but to .
A. take part B. take notice C. take place D. take care
( )13. Today is Father’s Day, I’m thinking about .
A. what present I gave my father B. if I planned a party for my father
C. how I can give my father a surprise D. where will my father and I have a big meal
( )14. —I had a very good time at the charity show. Thanks for your invitation.
— .
A. All right B. You are welcome
C. Good luck to you D. Not too bad
( )15. “______”means that you have to do something before others in order to be successful.
A. A miss is as good as a mile B. A friend in need is a friend indeed
C. The early bird catches the worm D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do
二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,计15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
My name is Philippe and my wife’s name is Sophie. We’re from 16 . Recently we were faced with a l7 situation while traveling by car in the mountains with our hired driver. Just as we began to doze(打盹), the car made a strange, loud noise and then 18 working.
We tried communicating with the driver but with little 19 because he couldn’t speak French. He tried to tell us with body language that he was going to get help and then he left.
We were in a poor area, with 20 houses in sight. We started to bear the cries of wild animals Sophie was very afraid. We didn’t have much food and it was getting 21 and darker I began to lose 22 . Should we leave the car? Would our driver ever 23 ? Was he a trustworthy man? We were very worried.
A couple of hours passed 24 , the headlights from another car appeared in the dart. A man got out of the car. Finding us cold and hungry, he kindly asked us to 25 his car.
26 we left, he put a note on the windshield of the car with his phone number on it. Then he drove us to a nearby village, and we met his family. His cousin spoke French and he 27 us tea and local foods. 28 asked us questions and they were excited to have unexpected guests.
Later that evening, the phone rang. It was our 29 . He had kept his word and fixed the car.
I will 30 forget the warmth we received on that day because we depended on a complete stranger for help.
( )16. A. America B. Germany C. France D. Brazil
( )17. A. difficult B. suitable C. pleasant D. hopeful
( )18. A. started B. stopped C. continued D. finished
( )19. A. suspect B. advice C. magic D. success
( )20. A. no B. some C. several D. many
( )21. A. colder B. warmer C. heavier D. lighter
( )22. A. memory B. way C. confidence D. interest
( )23. A. leave B. return C. drive D. wait
( )24. A. Suddenly B. Sadly C. Exactly D. Safely
( )25. A. get to B. get on C. get off D. get into
( )26. A. Whenever B. After C. Before D. Until
( )27. A. donated B. offered C. sold D. lent
( )28. A. Someone B. No one C. Every one D. Any one
( )29. A. farmer B. waiter C. doctor D. driver
( )30. A. almost B. sometimes C. usually D. never
三、阅读理解
A.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项(共15小题,每小题2分,计30分)
A
Science Night
It’s almost time for Science Night.
I need a partner. Who should I ask?
I have three friends who all want to help.
How can I choose just one for the task?
My best friend Jule is fun to be around.
But she’s as chatty as a bird.
When she start to talk-just watch out!
I can’t get in a single word.
Still, that might work for Science Night;
She’d show our project to the crowd.
Jule’s voice would boom out like a drum.
I wouldn’t mind if she were extra loud!
And then there’s Dan, who’s really shy
But wise as an owl-he’s so smart?
He’d help with the thinking for the job.
He wouldn’t talk, but he’d do his part.
But what about Shel, who’s good at art?
He paints and draws and sculpts so well.
Our project would look great no doubt!
I’m sure I should be asking Shel.
How can I choose just one from three?
I need them all! I’m feeling sick.
I’m as dizzy as a spinning top.
When trying to choose. I just can’t pick!
But wait-why not ask them all to help?
A group of four is better than one.
I’d love to work with all my friends.
In such a group, we’d have such fun!
The work could be shared by four of us.
Be me and Shel and Dan and Jule.
We’d fit together like puzzle pieces.
And take the grand prize in the school!
( )31. How many friends does the speaker talk about?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
( )32. Who is the speaker of the poem?
A. A reporter at a school science night.
B. A student who does not like science.
C. A science teacher hosting science project.
D. A student choosing a partner for a science project.
( )33. Why does the speaker compare Jule’s voice to a drum?
A. To show how loud Jule’s voice is.
B. To show that Jule likes to play drums.
C. To show how she likes to order others.
D. To show that her voice makes many sounds.
( )34. How does the speaker feel about Shel?
A. He is talkative. B. He is a good artist.
C. He is shy but very smart. D. He helps with the thinking for the job.
( )35. What does the speaker learn in this poem?
A. Everyone has a talent. B. Projects should be done alone.
C. Puzzles are easy to put together. D. Deciding on a topic for a project is difficult.
B
Is advertisement really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise to get people’s attention to sell products!
Not every company thinks that way, however. The NO-AD company doesn’t advertise in traditional ways. It sells its products by word of mouth. In this way, they can save money and keep costs down, which makes their products cheaper for customers.
“Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when one person tells another about a good experience with a product or service. That next person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague (同事). And so a chain of information is created.
Usually, advertisers talk about how good their product is Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best.” or “Everyone loves this product.” It can sound unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from a family, member or friend who has used it and liked a Our loved ones’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.
Word-of-mouth advertising has other advantages, too. It’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free) and a company doesn’t have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small businesses about word-of-mouth advertising.
● Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.
● Only say good things about your company. Don’t say bad things about your competition.
● Help other companies by recommending people to them. The more you help others, the more good luck will come back to you…and that’s good business.
( )36. Why do some companies spend lots of money on advertisements?
A. To attract people to their products. B. To make the environment beautiful.
C. To tell people the names of their companies. D. To make their products very useful.
( )37. In the picture, by saying, “I always buy it…”, the speaker probably means to .
A. sell the product to her relative. B. tell her customer about the service.
C. buy the product for her colleague. D. recommend the product to her friend.
( )38. What does the underlined word “unconvincing” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. uncomfortable B. unimportant C. unbelievable D. unusual
( )39. What might NO-AD companies do according to the passage?
A. Create complex business plans.
B. Say bad things about other companies.
C. Improve their products and service all the time.
D. Help other companies by wishing them good luck.
( )40. The writer’s main purpose of writing the passage is .
A. to tell us to care more about advertisements.
B. to introduce some information about NO-AD.
C. to show us how to sell products by advertising on TV.
D. to make us believe there is no need to make advertisements.
C
Every boy wants to find treasure. And Tom was no different One summer day Tom told Huck about his idea.
“Where can we look for treasure?” asked Huck.
“It’s hidden on islands, under dead trees, but mostly under the floors in haunted(闹鬼的) houses.”
So, one Saturday afternoon Tom and his friend went to look for treasure as the haunted house on Cardiff Hill. It was a quiet and lonely which made the boys feel very frightened. They entered quietly, and explored downstairs. There were cobwebs everywhere and everything was old and broken. Then they threw their tools in a corner and walked upstairs, but there was nothing there. They were just about to go downstairs and start digging when Tom stopped.
“What is it?” whispered Huck, going white with fright.
“Keep quiet! There’s someone downstairs.”
The boys lay down, looking through the holes in the wooden floor. There were two men downstairs. One was an old Spaniard in a wide sombrero hat and the other was duty and unpleasant-looking.
Tom and Hack shook with fear when they heard the Spaniard speak because they found it was Indian Joe He said.
“It’s time for us to move, partner. What will we do with the $650 form the robbery(抢劫)?”
“Let’s keep $30 each and leave the bag here.”
The dirty man went to the fireplace and moved a stone. Then he lifted out a bag full of money and look out some coins. The two boys forgot all their fears when they saw there was real treasure downstairs.
Then Indian Joe started digging a hole with his knife and the knife hit something.
“What is it?” asked the other man.
“It’s a box,” said Indian Joe. And he put in his hand and pulled out a handful of gold coins. The other man found the boys’ tools, and they soon pulled out the box.
“Where’s thousands of dollars in there,” Said Indian Joe.
“The Murrell Gang used this area one summer,” said his partner.
“They most have hidden their money here.”
“What will we do with this, Joe? Will we bury(埋)it again?”
“No, someone might find it,” said Indian Joe. “Let’s bury it in the member two den.”
Tom and Huck got up as soon as the two men left. They decided to watch out for the “man in the sombrero” when he came to town and find out where the member two den was.
( )41. Where did the two boys go to find treasure one Saturday afternoon?
A. To a haunted house. B. To a small island.
C. To some dead trees. D. To a faraway den.
( )42. Who does the underlined word “He” refer to?
A. Tom B. Hunk C. Indian Joe D. The dirty man
( )43. Where was the bag of money probably from?
A. The two men robbed others of it. B. Some villagers hid it there.
C. The owner of the house left it there. D. Tom and Huck buried it there.
( )44. which is the right order of what happened in the story?
a. The two boys threw their tools in a corner.
b. The duty man lifted out a bag full of money.
c. Tom and Huck went to look for treasure one day.
d. Indian Joe found a box full of gold coins.
e. The Murrell Gang hid their money in the house.
A. c-a-b-d-e B. c-d-b-e-a C. e-c-a-d-b D. e-c-a-b-d
( )45. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A. The real treasure was $650 in the bag.
B. The man in the sombrero was Indian Joe.
C. Tom would join Indian Joe and be a robber.
D. Tom and Hack would try to get the treasure.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共60分)
B.任务型阅读 (共10小题,每小题1分,计10分)
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一词。
Do you know how many bones are there in your body? When you were a baby you had about 330 bones, and now you have just over 200 bones. The number reduces because some bones join together as you grow. Your wonderful bones work together to protect you and support your body.
Many uses
Many bones protect your body. For example, the bone that makes up your head is called the skull. The skull surrounds your brain and protects it. The ribs that cover your chest protect your heart and lungs.
Other bones are used to support the body. The many bones in your feet allow you to walk, and stand on your tiptoes. Your hands and feet have more than half of the bones in your body!
Biggest Bone
The longest and strongest bone in your body is in your leg. It is called the femur and it goes from your hip to your knee. It is a very important bone because it carries all of your weight and helps you move from place to place.
Smallest Bone
Would you believe the smallest bone in your body is in your car? It is about the size of a grain of rice and is called the stirrup. When sound waves come into your car the stirrup shakes back and forth, allowing the sound waves to reach your brain. When the waves reach your brain you bear the sound.
“Funny” Bone
Hah! The funny bone isn’t really a bone at all. It is actually a nerve (神经). When you hit the nerve that is near your elbow, it really hurts or tingles. What’s so funny about that? The funny bone probably got its name from the bone that is above your elbow. That bone is called the humerus, which sounds like the word “humorous”, meaning “funny”.
The bones that make up our bodies help us grow, and allow us to move. When you think, about it our bones really are wonderful.
Title Wonderful (46)
Man body You have more than 200 bones when you (47) up Your bones work together to protect you and support your body.
Many uses To protect your body
*The skull protects your brain (48) harm.
*The ribs protect your heart and lungs.
To (49) your body.
*Bones in your feet help you to walk and stand.
*Over (50) of the bones are in your hands and feet.
Different
(51)
of bones Biggest Bone
*The femur is the biggest bone
*It carries all of your weight and helps you move (52)
Smallest Bone
*The stirrup is (53) than any other bone.
*It helps you to hear the (54) .
“Funny” Bone
*The funny bone is a nerve in fact.
*(55) you hit the nerve near your elbow it hurts or tingles.
Conclusion Our bones are really wonderful.
C.阅读与回答问题 (共5小题,每小题2分,计10分)
Last month, heads of state from 29 foreign countries came to Beijing to attend the Belt and Road Forum (论坛) for International Cooperation(合作). The main goal of it is to make the countries work together in more areas. It has won the support of more than 130 countries and international groups.
As a Chinese student, you must know something about the Silk Road.
Long ago, traders brought treasures from the East to the West Trips to the East became more favorable when traders found silks and sprees (香料). These treasures were not ordinary goods that were easy to get. Many people wanted them and it was a good way to become wealthy.
The Silk Road was not a real road. It was a route (线路) between the East and West. It went through China. Turkey, and Greece Some traders traveled over land and others sailed across the sea. There was danger along both routes.
Traders who went over the land used camels and horses. First, the traders crossed the dessert. Then, they climbed over mountains. After that, the traders still had hundreds of miles to go Bad weather was often a problem. Robbers who stole the silks and spices also caused trouble.
Traders who crossed the sea faced some of the same problems. There were storms on the sea. Water and winds could push the boats in the wrong direction Pirates (海盗) also chased the ships and they stole the goods and look control of the ships.
Over time, the Silk Road changed people in both the East and West. Traders shared stories about faraway lands. They brought back drawings of the places and things they had seen, which helped people learn about new cultures. As a result of the Sill Road, the world seemed much smaller.
回答下面5个问题,每题答案不超过5个词。
56. What’s the main goal of the Belt and Road Forum for the countries?
57. Why did the traders travel a long way to the East?
58. How many routes were there in the Silk Road?
59. What was one of the same problems traders over land and across the sea faced?
60. What’s the title for the passage?
四、词汇(共20小题,每小题1分,计20分)
A.根据句意和汉语提示写出单词,完成句子。
61. Dr Ma was (自豪的) to work for ORBIS and help people see again.
62. It’s wrong of us to believe or (扩散)some untrue news on the Internet.
63. Yao Ming scored 41 points in a game (对抗) the Atlanta Hawks in 2004.
64. China has ended its one-child policy and let families have two children (代替).
65. Lily often helps her classmates and teachers and she often gets (表扬)from then.
B.根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。
66. Taking a pair of binoculars can help you see the birds (clear).
67. At the (begin) of the concert, Tan Dun played a piece of music with water.
68. It seems (possible) for Spring Festival Gala to satisfy all 1.3 billion Chinese.
69. Yancheng has the (two) largest population of more than 8 million in Jiangsu Province.
70. The poor (home) boy often did his homework in the street by the light of a restaurant.
C.根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。
The Cinderella story is a famous one Cinderella was living happily with her family when her mother died. Her father remarried. Cinderella’s new stepmother and two stepsisters t 71 her poorly. She had to wear old clothes and work hard w 72 the sisters wore beautiful clothes and had fun.
You know the r 73 of the story. A good fairy turned Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful dress. Cinderella went to a party and a prince f 74 in love with her Cinderella left the party in such a h 75 that she left a glass slipper and the Prince used that to find her F 76 Cinderella and the Prince married and lived happily ever after.
That’s one telling of the story, but the Cinderella fairy take is found in many different countries. And Cinderella is not always a young l 77 . In an Irish story, a young gentleman, Becan, marries a princess and lives happily ever since.
Why is the Cinderella story so p 78 and found in so many cultures? There are several r 79 First of all it’s a romantic story Also, Cinderella a kind girl with a hard life And m 80 the most important is that in the Cinderella story, a person faces many difficulties but overcomes them in the end.
71. t 72. w 73. r 74. f 75. h
76. F 77. l 78. p 79. r 80. m
五、书面表达(共1题,计20分)
学校将举办英语写作比赛,请根据所给提示,以“My life in 20 years”为题,写一篇短文,分享你对未来的憧憬。
注意事项:
1.词数: 100词左右(文章开头已给出,不计入总词数);
2.文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息;
3.文章必须包含所提供的主要信息,并作适当发挥。
My life in 20 years
I’m always working hard for a bright future I imagine
2018年连云港是的中考正在复习当中,英语基础不好的同学,应抓紧时间多做几份英语试卷。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年连云港市中考英语试卷,希望对大家有帮助!
一、单项选择。
1. Donald Trump, ______71-year-old businessman, was chosen _____President of the US last year.
A. a; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; the
2. —I am planning a trip to Lianyungang this summer. How is the weather there?
—Not so hot. Sometimes ____is a bit cool and wet.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
3. —_____delicious food you served us tonight! Thank you very much.
—I’m glad that you enjoyed it.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
4. —Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huguo Moutain at Qingming Festival?
—Yes. Luckily, hundreds of firemen went there and _____the fire immediately.
A. put off B. put away C. put down D. put out
5. —_____do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day?
—At least an hour.
A. How often B. How long C. How much D. How far
6. —Could I ride an electric bicycle to school, Mr. Wang?
—No, you _____. Students under the age of 16 aren’t allowed to ride electric bicycles.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t
7. —I’m thirsty. I’d like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Dad?
—I prefer a cup of coffee ____nothing in it.
A. with B. without C. for D. to
8. — How do you like the sone Chenddu sung by Zhao Lei?
—Oh, I have never enjoyed a ____one before.
A. worst B. best C. worse D. better
9. The newly-opened company _____the local people with more chances to work.
A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows
10. The Reader has been a popular programme since last year, _____ there is still something not satisfying.
A. though B. until C. if D. unless
11. — Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday?
— Because I ______.
A. didn’t invite B. isn’t invited C. wasn’t invited D. haven’t invited
12. It’s really ____him to drive after drinking so much wine.
A. crazy of B. gentle of C. brave for D. wise for
13. —I am sorry to hear that our women badminton players lost the Sudirman Cup.
—______. Failure is the mother of success.
A. Never mind B. It’s a pity C. With pleasure D. No problem
14. —Do you know_____The Betl and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛) began?
—On May 14th,2017.
A. that B. when C. if D. where
15. —I promise I will work harder this term, Miss Li.
—Well, just as the saying goes, “_____” I do hope that you will act soon.
A. It never rains but pours B. Many hands make light work
C. Actions speak louder than words D. A friend in need is a friend indeed
二、完形填空(共15小题,每小韪1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body. Through the years I kept trying to give t he correct answer.
When I was young, I thought 16 was very important to us as humans, so I said, “My ears, Mommy.”
She said, “No. Many people are deaf. Keep thinking about it and I will ask you again.”
Several years 17 , she asked me again. This time I told her, “Mommy, sight is very important to 18 , so it must be our 19 . ”
She 20 me and told me, “You are learning fast, 21 the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.”
Over tne next few years, she asked me a few more times and always her answer was, “ 22 , but you are getting smarter every year, my child.”
Then last year, my grandpa 23 . Everbody was hurt, and everybody was crying. My mom asked me, “Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?”
I was greatly 24 when she asked me this now. I always thought this was a 25 between her and me. She saw the confusion (困惑) on my face and told me, “This 26 is very important. It shows that you have 27 lived your life.” I saw her eyes filled up with tears. She said, “My dear, the most important body part is your shoulder.”
I asked, “Is it bec ause it 28 your head?”
She replied, “No, it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they 29 . Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometimes in life, my dear. I only hope that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it.”
Then and there, I knew the most important body part is not a 30 one. It is sympathetic (同情的) to the pain of others.
16. A. sight B. sound C. taste D. sense
17. A. later B. earlier C. ago D. after
18. A. someone B. everyone C. something D. everything
19. A. hands B. legs C. ears D. eyes
20. A. looked after B. looked around C. looked at D. looked down
21. A. though B. although C. but D. however
22. A. Yes B. No C. None D. Neither
23. A. went away B. died away C. ran away D. passed away
24. A. knocked B. surprised C. pleased D. moved
25. A. match B. competition C. game D. contest
26. A. question B. problem C. puzzle D. saying
27. A. completely B. happily C . totally D. really
28. A. holds up B. sets up C. builds up D. puts up
29. A. sing B. cry C. shout D. sigh
30. A. childish B. selfish C. foolish D. bookish
三、阅读理解(共l5小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文.从每小照所给的A、B、D、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
The Importance of First Aid
First aid is the immediate care given to a penion who has been injuredor suddenly ill, includin self-help and home care if medical help is not available or delayed. First aid knowledge means life of death during anemergency situation so that greatest possible good may be done for thegreatest number of people.
General Treatment to Burns
● Move the injured away from the heat source.
● Check the breathing and pulse as well as the extent and depth of burns.
● Flush the burnt area with water to reduce pain.
● Cover the wound with a sterilized (消毒的) dressing.
● For facial burns,use sheet or something else to cover the burnt area.
Heatstroke(中暑)
To avoid heakstroke, you should stoop rough activities in hot weather. If you are still go outdoors, you should:
● wear light loose-fitting clothing;
● rest in a cool place as often as possible;
● drink pure water or fruit juice;
● avoid beverage(饮料) such as milk, tea, wine, beer.
First Aid training
There are some organizations giving first aid courses recognized by the local govemment. For more information, you tan call the Fire Services Ambulance Command Training School on 2640 3708.
31. lf someone is burnt, you should let him or her _____________.
A. wear light loose-fitting clothing
B. move away from the heat source
C. rest in a cool place as often as possible
D.be covered with a sheet or something else
32. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. First aid is given when medical help is unavailable or delayed.
B. A sterilized dressing is used to cover the wound to reduce pain.
C. Beverage should be avoided if someone is suffering heatstroke.
D. A call on 2640 3708 can offer information about first aid training.
33.What is the author’s main purpose. of writing the pasaage?
A.To introduce some first aid trainins courses and schools.
B. To show the importance of first aid with some examples.
C. To praise an organization that is related to first aid training.
D. To tell the readers how to perform some first aid treatment.
B
A psychologist walked around a room while teaching stress management to audience. As she raised a glass of water, everyone expected they’d be asked the “half or half full” question. Instead, with a smile on her face, she asked, “_______”
Answers come out from 8 oz(盎司) to 20 oz.
She replied, “The real weigh doesn’t matter. It depends on how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it’s not a problem. If I hold it for an hour, I’ll have an ache in my arm. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb(麻木). In each case, the weigh of the glass doesn’t change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”
She continued, “The stesses and worries in life are like the glass of water. Think about them for a while and nothing happens. Think about them a bit longer and they begin to hurt. And if you think about them all day long, you will feel numb—unable to do anything.”
It’s important to remember to let go of your stresses. As early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. Don’t carry them through the evening and into the night. Remember to put the glass down!
34. Which of the following can be put at the end of the first paragraph?
A. How much is this glass of water? B. How heavy is this glass of water?
C. How long can I hold this glass of water? D. How soon can I drink this glass of water?
35. According to the passage, people often feel bad when having stresses because ______.
A. they think about them for a while B. they think about them for an hour
C. they think about them too often D. they think about them too long
36. The writer expressed his opinion through _______.
A. taking an example B. giving a fact
C. having a discussion D. telling a story
37. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Let go of your problems B. Let’s think of our worries for a while
C. Let go of you stresses D. Lets’ put down our glasses of water
C
Denny was famous photographer. Her travelled all over the world, taking pictures for magazines and newspapers, and won many prizes.
“I’ll do anything to get a good photo,” he often said. “I’ll go anywhere at any time, even if it is dangerous.”
And he told the truth. He had photos of earthquakes, forest fires, floods and even wars.If something ineresting happened, Denny went to photograph it.
He was a married man and his wife often asked him take her with him, but he always refused. “I’ll travel for my work, not for pleasure,” he told her. “You won’t have fun, and I won’t have time to look after you. Sometimes there’s not even anywhere to stay, and I have to sleep outside. I often don’t have a good meal or a bath for days. You won’t like it.”
“Denny, I am not a child,” his wife didn’t agree. “I can look after myself. Please take me with you the next time you go overseas.”
Denny didn’t say anything, but he thought about it, and when he was asked to go to Africa, he said to his wife, “You can come to Africa with me if you want to. I have got to take photos of wild animals there.It shoud be interesting and not too uncomfortable.”
His wife was very excited, and at first she had a very enjoyable time. Then Denney went to the forest to find some lions to photo. His wife went with him, but before long they became separated.
She walked down one path while he walked down the other.
Suddenly, Denny heard her crying. He ran back and saw her running towards him. A huge lion was chasing her. Quickly Denny took his camera out of its case and pointed it at his wife and the lion. Then he shouted, “Slow down, woman! I can’t get you both in the picture!”
38. Denny had photos of all the following EXCEPT ______.
A. natural disasters B. wild animals C. travel magazines D. interesting event
39. The couple became separated in the African forest, probably because _____.
A. on e of them left to take a bath B. either of them had lost his/her way
C. they didn’t have a good meal for days D. they had nowhere to stay for the night
40. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph mainly tells us that ______.
A. Denny was in fact playing a joke with his wife
B. Denny trained the wild lion to play with his wife
C. Denney loved wonderful pictures more than his wife
D. Denny was too busy taking photos to protect his wife
41. According to the passage, a famous photographer’s live must be ______.
A. safe, cheerful and colorful B. pleasant, comfortable and meaningful
C. enjoyable,excting but regrettable D. interesting,successful but dangerous
D
Imagine having a ear made out of an apple. It seems like a crazy idea from a horror movie. But it could happen in the near future.
Canadian biophysicist Andrew Pelling used an apple to grow a human ear. He think fruit and vegetables can be used to cheaply repair human body parts in the future.
Scientists have been trying to grow organs (器官) in labs to replace our old ones. But it is a hard job. For example, liver cells (肝细胞) can grow in a lab, but he cells still need things like blood vessels (血管) to actually work.These things have to grow inside a scaffold(支架).
In the past, scientists have used man-made materials, animals parts and even dead people as scaffolds. But that has proved to be difficult and expensive.
Pelling and his team, however, f ound the apple to be a cheap and easy-to-use scaffold.
They first cut an apple into the shape of an ear. Then they used a special way to take out the apple’s cell and make it a scaffold. The team then added human cells to the apple, and watched it grow.
“You can implant these scaffolds into the body, and the body will send in cells and a blood supply and actually keep these things alive,” Pelling said during a Ted Talk speech.
The team put the apple scaffold inside a living mouse and the mouse’s cells slowly took over the piec es of apple.
Now Pelling is thinking of other fruit, plants or vegetables to use.
He says that the shape of flower petals could be perfect for repairing skin. And asparagus(芦笋) could fix a broken spine(脊柱).
Now, Pelling and his team are trying hard to put these crazy ideas into reality.
42. Pelling’s idea of man-made ear seems crazy because he use _____as scaffolds.
A. animal parts B.dead people C.man-made materials D.ordinary apples
43. The underlined word “implant” in Paragraph 7 probably means ______.
A. pick B. put C. produce D. protect
44. Which is the right order of making an ear out of an apple according to the passage?
a. put the apple scaffold inside a mouse
b. add human cells to the apple scaffold
c. cut an apple into the shape of an ear
d. make the apple ear a scaffold
e. take out the apple’s cells in a special way
A. a-b-c-d-e B.b-c-d-a-e C.c-e-d-b-a D.c-d-a-e-b
45. From the last three paragraphs, we can infer that Pelling will experiment with other fruit, plants or vegetbales _______.
A. to make human ears B. to repair burnt skin
C. to fix a broken spine D. to make human body parts
四、词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
A. 根据句意和汉语提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
46. Some classical pieces at the concert are traditional and have a lasting _____(价值).
47. Our government has done a lot to protect the environment, Lots of _____(被污染的) rivers are much cleaner now.
48. If we keep using our natural resources ______(满不在乎地), they will run out of sooner or later.
49. —What do think of the Art Festival in your school?
—Colorful! All the students enjoy ______(他们自己) and show their different talents.
50. —Why are the students talkin about ______(募集) money for the people in Sri Lanka?
—Because a heavy storm hit it at the end of May and thousands of people lost their homes.
B. 根据短文意思和所给首字母,写出一个完整正确的单词。
Pepole in the Netherlands(荷兰) are quite (51) e______this month. That’s because they welcomed the first pair of Chinese pandas on April 13th. The two pandas, named Xing Ya and Wu Wen, are both more than 3 years old and will stay in the country for scientific (52) r______ for 15 years, according to Xinhua.
The pandas will live at a zoo with (53) n ______500,000 visitors each year. It has built the most beautiful panda house in history for the pandas, reported China Daily.
At a cost of nearly 7 million euros(51 million yuan), the panda house covers 9,000 square meters and (54) l______ like an ancient Chinese palace. It has areas for the pandas to sleep and play, as well as rooms for their (55 ) f _____babies to live in.
五、选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
final; be tired out ; take the lead; not decide; take up;
twelve; by oneself; cross a road; lose one’s way; calm down
56. —You seem to have made great progress in English. Who helped you with it?
—Nobody, I learnt it _______.
57. We are often told ______in face of danger.
58. —Jim, playing computer games _____too much of your time.
— Sorry, Sir. I will spend more time on my study from now on.
59. Take a GPS with you when you go travelling, or you _____in a strange place.
60. To celebrate my ____birthdya, my parents will take me to go camping in the nearby forest park.
61. — I called you last night, but there was no answer.
—Oh, I am sorry. I _______ after playin basketball for hours and went to bed early.
62. After years of searching, the police _____found the lost boy and sent him back to his family.
63. —What’s your plan after graduating from college?
—I _____yet. Maybe I will go abroad for further study.
64. —Look! Nora _____in the running competition!
—Yes, she is good at running.
65. —Frank, you worried. Anything wrong?
—My mum fell over and was badly hurt while she _____on a rainy day.
六、完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据所给汉语和句子意思,用英语补全句子。
66.—Did you watch the 24th Beijing College Student Film Festival on TV tonight?
—Yes, it has ______(结束) for five minutes. Feng Xiaogang won Best Director Award.
67. —I have difficulty in learning English, How can I improve it?
—One of the best way is ______(大声朗读) every day.
68. When I saw so many models of places of interest in the World Park. I simply couldn’t _______(相信自己的眼睛).
69. No matter how hard your situation is, you had better _______(别灰心).
70. When Manchester City terriorist attack happened on May 22nd, people were so afraid that they ran _______(四面八方).
七、任务型阅读(共5小 题;每小题1分,满分5分)
请阅读下面短文,在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词(注意:每空1个单词)。
A Crepenter’s Story
An elderly carpenter was ready to retire(退休). He told his boss of his plans to leave the house-building business to live a more leisurel life with his wife and family.
The boss was sorry to see his skillful worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes,but over time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He used shoddy workmanship (粗糙的手艺) and low-quality materials. It was an unfortunate way to end a perfect career.
When the carpenter finished his work, his boss came to inspect the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said,"This is your house. . . my gift to you. "
The carpenter was shocked!
“What a shame!If I had only known he was building my own house, I would have done it all so differently…” The carpenter said to himself.
So it is with us . We build our lives, a day at a time,often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with a shock;we realize we have to live in the house we have built. If we could do it over,we would do it much differently.
But, you cannot go back. Someone once said,“Life is a do-it-yourself project. ”Your attitude and the choices you made today,help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow. Therefore,build wisely!
Title : A Carpenter’s Story
Passage outline Supporting details
Introduction An elderly carpenter was asked to build an extra house as a presonal favor to his boss (71) ______he retired.
Process of building the extra house ●He agreed to build he house, but he didn’t do it whole-heartedly.
●He was quite (72)______, but he didn’t try his best.
●He had many good materials, but he used low-quality ones.
(73) of getting the house as a present ● He was surprised to get the house as a gift to him.
●He was (74) _____for putting less than his best to build it.
●He would do it much differently if he could do it again.
Conclusion Life is a do-it-yourself project, and no one can go back. So no matter (75) ______you have chosen to do, try your best to do it well.
八、书面表达 (共1小题;满分25分)
(2017连云港)青少年是祖国的未来,也是城市的名片。在创建全国文明城市的过程中,我市举办了“美德少年”评选活动。假如你是“美德少年”的争创者,请根据下列表格中的提示,以“Be a virtue teenager, build a civilized city”为题,用英语写一份倡议书,号召大家积极争做“美德少年”,为港城添彩。
主题 做“美德少年”,创文明城市
内容 待人方面:尊老爱幼,友好互助
言谈方面:语言文明,耐心倾听
出行方面:遵守交规,主动礼让
你的观点 联系实际,谈谈你的观点(至少两点)
注意:1、90词左右。短文标题和开头已给出,不计入总词数。
2、文中不得提及有关考生的个人的身份的任何信息,如: 校名,人名等。
Be a virtue teenager, build a civilized city
Being a teenager of Lianyungang, what should we do to help buid a civilized city? Firstly, when in public places, we should respect the elderly and take care of the young. We should also be friendly and helpful to others; Secondly, when having a conversation, we should speak politely and be patient enough to listen; Thirdly, when on the road, we should obey the traffic rules and give seats when necessary.
As s junior students, I think it’s our duty to do as the above. At the same time, we should try our best to study hard and obey all the school rules. In this way, we can be a virtue teenager and help to build our city into a civilived one. I hope everyone will join us and try to be a virtue teenager.
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第一节
听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案,每段对话读两遍。
1.What color does the boy like best?
A. White. B. Green. C.Blue.
2.Who is the woman?
A. Mike’s teacher. B. Mike’s mother. C. Mike’s friend.
3.How does the girl go to school?
A. By bus. By bike. C. By car.
4.What will the two speakers start tomorrow morning?
A. At 6 o’clock. B. At 7 o’clock. C. At 8 o’clock.
5.Where are the two speakers?
A.In a park. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant.
第二节
听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6至第7两个小题。
6.What size does the woman want?
A.Size S. B. Size M. C. Size L.
7.How much does the woman pay in the end?
A.$20. B.$30. C.$40.
听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10三个小题。
8.When does the man take exercise?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
9.What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. She will have a party.
B. She will have a meeting.
C. She will have a driving test.
10.Where will they meet on Saturday?
A.At the school gate. B. At the park gate. C. At the garden gate.
听下面一段独白,回答第11至第12两个小题。
11.Who is the speaker?
A. A passenger. B. A guide. C. A tourist.
12.How long will the visit last?
A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C .Four hours.
听下面一段对话,回答第13至第15三个小题。
13.When did the boy have the traffic accident?
A. Three days ago. B. One week ago. C. Two weeks ago.
14.What did the knock into?
A. A car. B. A bike. C. A bus.
15.What was the result of the accident?
A. The boy got his right leg hurt.
B. The boy got his left arm broken.
C. The boy got his head badly hurt.
第三节: 听下面一篇短文。根据短文内容,找出与每个人物活动相符的图片。短文读两遍。
二、单项选择(15小题,每小题1分,共15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
21.Mr Smith is old man and he usually walks his dog after supper.
A. a; the B. an; a C. an; 不填 D. the ; 不填
22.—Is this photo taken in Tibet?
—Yes. You can see beautiful snow mountain in the of the photo.
A. form B. background C.shape D. introduction
23.Whenever Mary reads an interesting story, she can’t keep it to and wants to share
it with her friends.
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
24.I heard the new song on the radio. I high and low in the music store, but I can’t find the song.
A.search B.have searched C.am searching D.will search
25.—What a clear blue sky!
—Yes, I have never seen sky.
A. a more beautiful B. a most beautiful
C. the more beautiful D. the most beautiful
26.—What’s the matter with tom? He has been absent for two days.
—Oh! He be ill. Let’s go and ask ms brown.
A. can B. need C. may D. would
27.Soccer is a wonderful game for children. It great exercise, such as running and kicking.
A. provides B. remains C. practises D. receives
28.Wild animals are our friends. We shouldn’t kill them food or clothing.
A. in B. with C. about D. for
29.Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to .
A.deal with B. keep up with
C.agree with D. come up with
30. we keep our hearts open, we can experience the happiness friendship brings us.
A.Since B. If C. Unless D. Though
31.—Did yo watch the football match on TV last night?
—I wanted to, but my mother her favorite TV programme.
A.watches B. watched C. was watching D. had watched
32.Now it’s much easier to shop online when your order is ready, the things you want to buy
to you soon.
A. send B. were sent C. are sending D. will be sent
33.—Why don’t you like fishing?
—Fishing a hobby needs much patience, but I’m not patient at all.
A.who B. that C. it D. what
34. kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in.
A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been
35.—Hi, Tony! Do you know ?
—Yes, there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.
A. when I can a cup of coffee B. when can I get a cup of coffee
C. where I can get a cup of coffee D. where can I get a cup of coffee
三、完形填空(10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
I was flying to New York at night. Suddenly, a storm broke and the plane began to be tossed(颠簸)around.
When I looked 36 the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid. The future seemed terrible and many were 37 if they would make it through the storm.
Then , I 38 saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 39 to her. She sat on her seat reading a book. Sometimes she closed her eyes, then she would read again, with no 40 or fear in her eyes. When the other passengers were scared(惊恐的) half to death, that child was completely calm and 41 . I couldn’t believe my eyes.
When the plane finally reached New York, I was not surprised to 42 that all the passengers were hurrying to come out. I stopped and spoke to the girl whom I had 43 for such a long time. I asked 44 she had not been afraid.
The child replied, “My daddy is the 45 , and he is taking me home.”
36.A.at B. around C. up D.into
37.A.wondering B.expecting C.dreaming D.realizing
38.A.probably B.luckily C.suddenly D.certainly
39.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
40.A.pride B.worry C.anger D.regret
41.A.unafraid B.nervous C.active D.tired
42.A.say B.hear C.find D.think
43.A.known B.watched C.helped D.protected
44.A.whether B.how C.when D.why
45.A.guard B.driver C.pilot D.traveller
四、阅读理解(20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
阅读下面四篇语言材料,然后按文后要求做题。
A
Once a king got two nice falcons(猎鹰)from his son. He had never seen such beautiful falcons before. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train then to fly.
After several months, the king came to see how the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other was staying on the branch(树枝) of a tree quietly, just keeping still.
The king called all his falcons together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly. But none of them succeeded. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to his mind. Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could solve this problem. He spent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once.
The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying above in the sky freely. “ it is unbelievable !” shouted the king. How could you make it happen?”
The farmer replied,“It’s very easy. I just cut off the branch where the falcon rested.”
It is always the same to human beings. We all have “two flying wings” in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we just for safety and comfort. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the “branch” we are resting on breaks.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
46.What did the king do after he got the two falcons?
A. He kept them on the branch of a tree.
B. He sent them to a farmer in the forest.
C. He made the best falconer train them to fly.
D. He set them free and let them fly in the sky.
47.Why did the king call all his falconers together?
A. Because he wanted to get more falcons.
B. Because he wanted the other falcon to fly.
C. Because he wanted them to see his falcons.
D. Because he wanted to know more about his falcons.
48.Who did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky?
A.The king. B. The king’s son.
C. The farmer. D. The best falconer.
49.How did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky?
A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Worried. D. Relaxed.
50.What is the best title for the text?
A. The Wise King B. The Nice Falcons
C. The Best Falconer D. The Flying Wings.
B
There is little doubt that house cat first developed naturally from ancient wild cats. The cleverest relative is the America wild cat which still lives in Africa today. This is understandable because the first house cats came from Africa.
Cats first started to live around people in Egypt about 6,000~7,000 years ago. From Egypt, cats started to move around the world. This is about the same time that Egyptians began storing grain(谷物)in buildings. Scientists used to believe that people tamed cats to catch mice and protect the grain. However, cats don’t like to be told what to do! Now, scientists believed that cats followed the mice and learned to accept people. Finally, some of the cats began to grow comfortable around people, these were smaller cats that needed protection. As these cats and people got used to each other, then they moved in together. Around 5,000 years ago, cats started to live with people.
Soon cats were in Greece, then the Middle East and China. They moved along Egyptian business roads keeping away mice and keeping people around them. After the Romans came to Egypt, they also accepted the cats and brought them to Europe. These cat likely bred(繁殖) with other cats to form the many kinds of house cats we have today.
Cats are relatively recent house animals. House cats still have a lot in common with their wild relatives. Cats sleep a lot to save energy just like wild cats. They will often get food at night as well. House cats are generally peaceful and friendly, but be careful! If a cat feels it is in danger, it will fight back—just like a wild cat.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
51.Where did the first house cats come from?
A.Asia. B. Africa. C.Europe. D.America.
52.When did cats start to live with people?
A.About 4,000 years ago. B.About 5,000 years ago.
C.About 6,000 years ago. D.About 7,000 years ago.
53.According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?
A.Cats started to move around the world from China.
B.Cats get food at night to save energy like wild cats.
C. Cats have a little in common with their wild cats.
D.Cats were accepted and brought to Europe by Romans.
54. What does the underlined word “tamed” mean in Chinese?
A.驱散 B.捕捉 C.驯化 D.引进
55.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.The development of house cats.
B.Different cats in different countries.
C.The relationship between cats and people.
D.The differences between house cats and wild cats.
注:souvenirs 纪念品;legislative 议会
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
56. You may call if you want to know more about the Forks Market.
A.204-986-6450 B.204-924-4000 C.204-942-6302 D.204-945-5813
57.What can you do in the Manitoba Legislative Building?
A. Buy food and fruits. B. Watch public programs.
C. Have a self-guided tour. D. Enjoy music and movies.
58.When can you go to the Millennium Library?
A. At 9 a.m. on Tuesday. B. At 7 p.m. on Friday.
C. At 8 p.m. on Saturday. D. At 4 p.m. on Sunday.
59.You can take a walk in Eaton’s Santa’s Village in during the holiday season.
A. the Forks Market B. the Children’s Museum
C. the Millennium Library D. the Manitoba Legislative Building
60.Where is text most probably from?
A.A guide book. B. A picture book.
C.A history book. D. A science book.
Why is setting goals(目标) important? Because goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.
Successful people in life imagine how their life should be and set
lots of goals. 61 It‘s like having a sign to show you where you
want to go. Think of it in this way. There are two drivers.One has a
place to go to clearly in mind which can be found on a map. He can
drive straight there surely without any wasted time. The other driver has no goal , or a map.
62 But she drivers aimlessly(无目的地) around, never getting anywhere, just using up oil. Which driver do you want to be?
63 They decide what they want in life and then get there by setting goals and making plans. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren‘t difficult to set, and they aren‘t difficult to reach. 64 You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.
Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it.
65 They are harder to forget. Also when you write your goals in your own way, you are able to make yourself realize situations that will bring you nearer to your goals.
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A.Written goals can be reviewed usually
B.He starts off at the same time from the same place.
C.It‘s up to you to find out what your goals really are.
D.By setting goals you are taking control of your life.
E.Winners in life set goals and follow through on them.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65
五、词语运用(10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。请每空限填一词,每词限用一次。方框中有两项多余的。
Are you still doing the V for victory sign? It’s out. The latest popular hand gesture(手势)is putting both of your hands and put them together to make a heart—shape. It is 66 “hand heart”.
Many young pop 67 in the US have done the move in recent photos. “The‘hand heart’gesture means something 68 ‘I love you’ and ‘thank you’, ”said Taylor Swift,the country singer. “You can send a sweet,simple message without 69 a word.”
Swift often does it at her concerts. And she is believed to be the first to 70 it popular.
Last month,Justin Bieber and 71 superstar friends did the “ hand heart” and put the photos online.They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident.
“It used to take much 72 for nonverbal(非语言的)culture to move. But now ,It moves faster 73 we have smart phones and the Internet.
In the Republic of Korea, the “hand heart “ has been 74 for a long time, but in a different 75 . People there put their hands above their heads and making a bigger heart shape with their arms. It means: “I love you.”
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
六、补全对话(5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Morning, Tina. Did you enjoy your holiday in the country last week?
B: Yes, I really had a lot of fun there.
A:Great! 76. ?
B: With some of my friends.
A:77. ? In a hotel?
B: No. We camped in a mountain village. And we cooked our meals over an open fire.
A:Sounds wonderful. How was the weather there?
B:78. . When we took a walk in the countryside, we met some villagers and had tea
with them.
A:79. ?
B: Yes. I will bring you some pictures tomorrow. By the way, what did you do last weekend?
A: 80.
B: Wow, pretty cool. I believe you had a great time, too.
七、书面表达(15分)
在每个人的心中,总会渴望拥有某样东西,你想拥有什么?请以“I want to have
” 为题,用英语写一篇短文,谈谈你想拥有它的理由及你会有怎样的想法或感受。
要求:1.请补全标题,如 a football, a mountain bike 或 a magic paintbrush 等;
2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3.词数80词左右。
I want to have
2018年的德阳同学们,中考临近,不知道大家物理复习得如何?物理其实可以通过做物理试卷的方法来进行复习。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年四川德阳中考物理试卷答案解析,希望对大家有帮助!
18.刘伟同学为了探究“运动和力的关系”,设计了如图所示的斜面实验.
(1)为了使小车在滑到水平面时的初速度相同,在实验中刘伟让小车从同一斜面的同一高度由静止开始滑下,刘伟采用的研究问题的方法是控制变量法.
(2)从甲、乙、丙三次实验小车所停位置情况看,甲图中小车所受阻力最大.
(3)刘伟从实验推理可知,若水平面绝对光滑,则运动的小车会在水平面上做匀速直线运动.
(4)牛顿在前人研究成果的基础上,总结处牛顿第一定律,它的内容是:一切物体在没有受到力的作用时,总保持静止状态或匀速直线运动状态,除非作用在它上面的力迫使它改变这种运动状态.
【考点】6N:阻力对物体运动影响的探究实验.
【分析】(1)当小车从斜面的同一高度由静止开始滑下时,其重力势能相等,到达水平面时的动能相等,速度相同;
(2)小车运动的距离长短与所受的摩擦力大小有关,小车运动的距离短,表明受到的摩擦力大;
(3)(4)当水平面是光滑的,小车不受摩擦力作用,小车的运动状态将不会改变,小车进行匀速直线运动;据此推出牛顿第一定律.
【解答】解:(1)让小车每次从斜面的同一高度由静止开始滑下,这样做是为了使小车到达水平面时的机械能相同,速度相同;采用的方法是控制变量法;
(2)在这三次实验中,小车在毛巾表面上运动的距离最短,这是因为毛巾表面最粗糙,小车在该表面受到的阻力最大;
(3)若水平面绝对光滑,小车在水平方向上不受力的作用,小车的运动状态将不发生改变,小车将保持原来的速度进行匀速直线运动;
(4)牛顿第一定律的内容是:一切物体在没有受到力的作用时,总保持静止状态或匀速直线运动状态,除非作用在它上面的力迫使它改变这种运动状态,这就是牛顿第一定律,也叫惯性定律.
故答案为:(1)控制变量法;(2)甲;(3)匀速直线;(4)一切物体在没有受到力的作用时,总保持静止状态或匀速直线运动状态,除非作用在它上面的力迫使它改变这种运动状态.
19.王小军同学用如图1所示实物电路研究小灯泡的电阻,已知小灯泡的额定电压是3V.
(1)图中部分导线已连好,请用笔画线代替导线将电路连接完整.
(2)根据实物图在虚线方框内画出实验电路图.
(3)将滑动变阻器的滑片移到某位置时,电路中电流表示数为0.2A,电压表的示数如图3所示,则电压表示数为2.5V,此时灯丝的电阻为12.5Ω.
(4)改变滑动变阻器的电阻,经多次实验,测得多组电压、电流值如表所示,请根据表中数据,在图4中作出小灯泡的U﹣I图象.
次数 1 2 3 4 5
电流/A 0.06 0.1 0.15 0.18 0.2
电压/V 0.3 0.5 1 2 2.5
【考点】IM:伏安法测电阻的探究实验.
【分析】(1)滑动变阻器按一上一下的原则的串联在电路中,据此进行解答;
(2)由实物电路图画电路图时,可以根据电流流向法,从电源的正极出发依次画出各电路原件回到负极,然后把电压表并联在相应的部分即可;
(3)根据电压表的量程和分度值读出示数,根据欧姆定律求出此时灯丝的电阻;
(4)利用描点法结合表格数据作出小灯泡的U﹣I图象.
【解答】解:(1)滑动变阻器按“一上一下”的原则串联在电路中,如下图所示:
(2)先画出电源,从电源的正极出发,依次画出开关、滑动变阻器、灯泡、电流表回到负极,然后把电压表并联在灯泡两端,如下图所示:
(3)由图3可知,电压表的量程为0~3V,分度值为0.1V,灯泡两端的电压为2.5V,
由I= 可知,此时灯丝的电阻R= = =12.5Ω;
(4)利用描点法结合表格数据作出小灯泡的U﹣I图象,如下图所示:
故答案为:(1)实物图的连接如上图所示;
(2)电路图如上图所示;
(3)2.5;12.5;
(4)小灯泡的U﹣I图象如上图所示.
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10.某兴趣小组在探究“影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素”时,用如图所示的装置进行实验.
实验一:将长方体木块平放在长木板上,用力F拉长木板,当长木板与木块发生相对滑动后,记录弹簧秤的示数于表一.再将木块分别侧放、竖放,重复实验.
实验二:将长方体木块平放在长木板上,用力F拉长木板,当长木板与木块发生相对滑动后,记录弹簧秤的示数于表二.再分别将一个砝码、二个砝码放在木块上,重复实验.
表一
实验次数 压力大小 木块放置情况 弹簧秤示数/牛
1 木块的重 平放 1.0
2 木块的重 侧放 1.0
3 木块的重 竖放 1.0
表二
实验次数 压力大小 木块放置情况 弹簧秤示数/牛
1 木块的重 平放 1.0
2 木块和一个砝码的总重 平放 1.5
3 木块和二个砝码的总重 平放 2.0
(1)实验一的第3次实验时,木块与长木板之间的滑动摩擦力为1.0牛;
(2)实验一探究的问题是滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面积是否有关;
(3)表二中的实验数据可得出的结论是在接触面粗糙程度相同时,压力越大滑动摩擦力越大.
【考点】7L:探究摩擦力的大小与什么因素有关的实验.
【分析】(1)弹簧测力计拉动木块时,弹簧测力计显示拉力大小,要使滑动摩擦力等于拉力,根据二力平衡条件,木块一定进行匀速直线运动;
(2)要探究滑动摩擦力大小与压力和接触面的粗糙程度关系,结合表格中数据得出研究的问题;
(3)滑动摩擦力与物体间的压力、接触面的粗糙程度有关,结合表格中数据进行分析即可.
【解答】解:
(1)实验中,必须沿水平方向拉动木块做匀速直线运动,此时,木块受到的摩擦力与拉力是一对平衡力,所以f=F=1.0N;
(2)由表一实验数据可知,三次实验压力和接触面的粗糙程度相同,接触面积大小不同,所以实验一探究的问题是滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面积是否有关?
(3)由表二实验数据可知,三次实验接触面积和接触面的粗糙程度相同,压力大小不同,压力越大滑动摩擦力越大,所以可得结论:在接触面粗糙程度相同时,压力越大滑动摩擦力越大.
故答案为:(1)1.0;(2)滑动摩擦力的大小与接触面积是否有关;(3)在接触面粗糙程度相同时,压力越大滑动摩擦力越大.
11.小科连接好如图1所示电路,闭合开关,按一定操作来测量“小灯泡的电阻”,获得实验数据如表:
实验次数 1 2 3 4
电压U/伏 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
电流I/安 0.22 0.20 0.17 0.13
电阻R/欧 11.36 ? 8.82 7.69
(1)表中第2次实验时,小灯泡电阻为10欧;
(2)将表中电流、电压数据转换为I﹣U图象(图2),正确的是A;
(3)小科发现第3、4两次实验小灯泡不发光,出现这种现象的原因是小灯泡的实际功率太小;
(4)小君按小科的方法连接好电路,闭合开关后发现小灯泡不发光,电流表指针不偏转,电压表指针偏转,若此电路只有一处故障,你认为该故障是小灯泡断路.
【考点】IM:伏安法测电阻的探究实验.
【分析】(1)根据R= 算出灯泡的电阻;
(2)灯泡的电阻不是定值,I﹣U图象不是直线;
(3)灯泡的亮度是由灯泡的实际功率决定的;
(4)常见的电路故障有断路与短路,根据故障现象分析电路故障原因.
【解答】解:(1)表中第2次实验时,小灯泡的电压U=2.0V,电流I=0.20A,
灯泡的电阻为:R= = =10Ω;
(2)随电压的增大,灯丝的温度升高,而灯丝的电阻随温度的升高而增大,所以小灯泡的电流随两端电压变化的图象不是直线,故A正确;
(3)灯泡的亮度是由灯泡的实际功率决定的,第3、4两次实验电压低,电流小,灯泡的实际功率太小,达不到灯泡的发光功率,所以第3、4两次实验小灯泡不发光;
(4)灯不发光,电流表指针不偏转,说明电路存在断路;电压表有示数,说明电压表与电源两极相连,电压表并联部分之外的电路不存在断路,综合分析可知,电路故障是小灯泡断路.
故答案为:(1)10;(2)A;(3)小灯泡的实际功率太小;(4)小灯泡断路.
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11.同学们对“声音的产生和传播”有下面两种看法,请根据你的知识,对每种看法作出评论.
(1)“声音是由于物体的运动产生的”,评论:错误.
(2)“声音的传播速度是340m/s”,评论:错误.
【考点】声音的产生;93:声速.
【分析】一切声音都是由物体的振动产生的,当振动停止,发声也停止;声音在空气中的传播速度约为340m/s.
【解答】解:(1)声音是由于物体的振动产生的,一切正在发声的物体都在振动,振动停止,发声也停止,故此种说法错误;
(2)声音在空气中的传播速度约为340m/s,声音在不同的介质中的传播速度是不相同的,故此种说法错误;
故答案为:(1)错误;(2)错误.
12.一束光在空气与某透明物质的界面处发生了反射和折射现象,其光路如图所示.界面上方为空气(选填“空气”或“透明物质”);反射角=40°.
【考点】光的折射规律.
【分析】(1)光的反射定律的内容:反射光线与入射光线、法线在同一平面上;反射光线和入射光线分居在法线的两侧;反射角等于入射角.
(2)光的折射定律的内容:入射光线、法线、折射光线在同一平面内,折射光线和入射光线分别位于法线两侧,当光线从空气射入其它透明介质时,折射角小于入射角;当光线从其它介质斜射入空气时,折射角大于入射角.
【解答】解:由图可知,上面的两条线在同一种介质内,故应该是反射光线和入射光线;反射光线和入射光线间的夹角的角平分线是法线,法线与界面垂直,故入射角为90°﹣50°=40°;下面的那条线为折射光线,折射光线与法线间的夹角即折射角为90°﹣70°=20°,折射角小于入射角,故下方为透明物质,上方为空气.
故答案为:空气;40°.
13.小可为测量如图中酸奶的密度,先借助天平测量了一些数据并记录在下表中,则酸奶的密度为1.15×103kg/m3,然后观察了盒上标注的净含量,计算出酸奶的体积为200mL.
测量步骤 ①测整盒酸奶的质量 ②喝掉部分酸奶后,测质量 ③用纯净水将喝掉的酸奶补齐后,测质量
测量数据 238.7g 151.3g 227.3g
【考点】密度的计算;2B:密度公式的应用.
【分析】整盒酸奶的质量减去喝掉部分酸奶后测得的质量即为喝掉酸奶的质量,用纯净水将喝掉的酸奶补齐后测得的质量减去喝掉部分酸奶后测得的质量即为所加水的质量,根据V= 求出所加水的体积即为喝掉酸奶的体积,根据ρ= 求出酸奶的密度,盒上标注的净含量即为酸奶的总质量,根据V= 求出酸奶的体积.
【解答】解:
由步骤①②可得,喝掉酸奶的质量:
m=m1﹣m2=238.7g﹣151.3g=87.4g;
由步骤②③可得,所加水的质量:
m水=m3﹣m2=227.3g﹣151.3g=76g,
由ρ= 可得,喝掉酸奶的体积:
V=V水= = =76cm3,
酸奶的密度:
ρ= = =1.15g/cm3=1.15×103kg/m3;
由盒上标注的净含量可知,盒中酸奶的总质量m总=230g,
则酸奶的总体积:
V总= = =200cm3=200mL.
故答案为:1.15×103;200.
14.如图中描述的是生活中有关安全的两个情景,请分别写出它们涉及到的物理知识.
甲:有金属外壳的用电器的外壳必须要接地;乙:流速越大的地方压强越小.
【考点】安全用电原则;8K:流体压强与流速的关系.
【分析】根据安全用电的常识分析甲;根据流体的流速和压强的关系分析乙.
【解答】解:
甲:有金属外壳的用电器的外壳必须要接地,这样做的目的是当用电器漏电时,电荷会被倒入大地,不会使人触电;
乙:流速越大的地方压强越小,靠近列车的位置的空气的流速大,压强小,容易把人压向列车,发生事故.
故答案为:有金属外壳的用电器的外壳必须要接地;流速越大的地方压强越小.
15.小可在A端用如图所示的动滑轮匀速提起200N的水桶,若不计绳重、滑轮重及摩擦,则人拉绳子A端的动力为100N;实际测量A端的拉力为110N,不计绳重及摩擦,则滑轮重为20N.
【考点】滑轮组绳子拉力的计算.
【分析】(1)不计动滑轮重、绳重和摩擦,根据F= G求出拉力;
(2)根据F= (G+G动)求出动滑轮重.
【解答】解:(1)因为动滑轮有两段绳子吊着物体,不计动滑轮重、绳重和摩擦,拉力F= G= ×200N=100N;
(2)若不计绳重及摩擦,实际测量A端的拉力为110N时,根据F= (G+G动)得G动=2F﹣G=2×110N﹣200N=20N.
故答案为:100;20.
16.两个相同的小灯泡串联起来接入电路中,正常工作.如果其中一只灯泡发生了断路,另一只灯泡也不能工作.用一根导线或电压表与其中一只小灯泡并联,就能检测出发生断路的小灯泡.你认为用电压表(选填“导线”或“电压表”)检测更好些,理由是如果选择导线,可能会造成另一灯泡两端电压过高,从而烧坏灯泡.
【考点】IE:电流表、电压表在判断电路故障中的应用.
【分析】选择器材接入电路判断用电器故障时,应该使接入的器材和原电路安全,不能造成短路.
【解答】解:要检验灯泡故障,需要将所选器材与其中的一只灯泡并联.如果选择导线,可能会造成另一灯泡两端电压过高,从而烧坏灯泡.所以不能选择导线,用电压表更好.
故答案为:电压表;如果选择导线,可能会造成另一灯泡两端电压过高,从而烧坏灯泡.
听说有同学在找2018年山东中考的物理复习试卷?物理试卷的答案解析也有了,需要就来看吧。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018山东滨州市中考物理试卷答案解析,希望对大家有帮助!
19.请在图中画出静止在斜面上物体的重力和物体对斜面的压力的示意图.
【考点】6H:力的示意图.
【分析】(1)重力是物体受到的力,因此根据规则物体的重心在物体的几何中心,重力的方向总是竖直向下的,过物体的重心表示出重力的方向即可;
(2)压力是接触面受到的力,因此压力的作用点在接触面上,即物体与接触面的中点;然后根据压力的方向垂直于受力面,并过压力作用点表示出压力的方向即可.2•1•c•n•j•y
【解答】解:
(1)过物体重心画带箭头的线段,方向竖直向下,符号为G;
(2)在斜面上选取物体与接触面的中点为压力的作用点,过压力作用点画垂直于斜面、带箭头的线段,符号为F;
如图所示:
20.请画出图中入射光线对应的折射光线.
【考点】B6:透镜的光路图.
【分析】凸透镜有三条特殊的入射光线:过焦点的;平行于主光轴的;过光心的.根据每一条特殊入射光线对应的出射光线的特点画出对应的出射光线.
【解答】解;
从焦点发出的光线经过凸透镜折射后会变成平行于主光轴的光线;经过光心的光线的传播方向不变;如图所示:
.
21.小滨用如图所示装置进行了“探究平面镜成像特点”的实验.
(1)他应选取两支外形相同(选填“相同”或“不同”)的蜡烛进行实验.
(2)小滨选择用玻璃板代替平面镜进行实验的目的是便于确定像的位置.
(3)在探究实验的过程中,他把蜡烛A放在距玻璃板30cm处,蜡烛A在玻璃板中所成的像到蜡烛A的距离是30cm;当蜡烛A远离玻璃板时,它的像的大小将不变(选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”).【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
(4)在玻璃板后放一光屏,无论怎样移动光屏,都不能接收到蜡烛的像,说明平面镜成的是虚像.
(5)实验过程中,小滨仔细观察,发现蜡烛的像有重影,请你帮小滨分析产生这一现象的原因是玻璃的两个表面同时发生反射,两个反射面各成一个像.
【考点】AE:平面镜成像的特点、原理、现象及其实验方案.
【分析】(1)实验时选择两个相同的蜡烛,便于比较物像大小关系.
(2)实验时选择透明的玻璃板,在物体的一侧,既能看到物体的像,也能看到代替物体的另一个物体,便于确定像的位置.
(3)平面镜成像特点:物像等距,物像等大.
(4)平面镜所成的像是虚像,虚像不是实际光线的会聚点,所以不会出现在光屏上.
(5)玻璃板有两个反射面,每个反射面都可以作为平面镜成像,所以仔细观察时,会发现通过玻璃板成两个像.
【解答】解:
(1)实验时选择两支等长的蜡烛,便于比较物像大小关系.
(2)实验时选择透明的玻璃板,能同时观察到像和代替蜡烛A的蜡烛B,便于确定像的位置.
(3)由平面镜成像特点之一:物像等距可知,蜡烛A到玻璃板的距离是30cm,那么蜡烛B到玻璃板的距离等于30cm;由平面镜成像特点之一:物像等大可知,将蜡烛不管是远离玻璃板还是靠近玻璃板时,蜡烛所成像的大小不变.
(4)因为光屏只能接收实像,不能接受虚像,而平面镜成的是虚像,所以移开B,并在其所在位置放一个光屏,则光屏上不能接收A的像,这说明蜡烛成的像是虚像.
(5)玻璃板有厚度,且有两个反射面,因为玻璃的两个表面同时发生反射,两个反射面各成一个像,所以成两个像.
故答案为:(1)相同;(2)便于确定像的位置;(3)30;不变;(4)平面镜成的是虚像;(5)玻璃的两个表面同时发生反射,两个反射面各成一个像.
22.2017年5月5日,我国自行研制具有完全自主知识产权的新一代大型喷气式客机C919在浦东机场成功首飞.第三代铝锂合金材料在C919机体结构用量达到了8.8%,为了测量该铝锂合金材料的密度,某中学学习小组的同学们用同材料的铝锂合金材料样品做了如下实验.21cnjy.com
(1)将天平放在水平桌面上,将游码放在标尺左端的零刻度线处,发现指针指在分度盘中央刻度线的左侧,如图甲所示,为使横梁在水平位置平衡,应将平衡螺母向右移动(选填“左”或“右”).
(2)用调节好的天平测量样品的质量,操作情景如图乙所示,错误之处是:测量过程中调节平衡螺母.
(3)改正错误后,当右盘中所加砝码和游码位置如图丙所示时,天平平衡,则该样品的质量为49.4g.
(4)在量筒内装有一定量的水,样品放入量筒前后的情况如图丁所示,则样品的体积是20cm3,此样品的密度是2.47×103kg/m3.
(5)该小组尝试用另一种方法测量该样品的密度,如图戊所示,他们做了如下的操作:
A:用弹簧测力计测出样品的重力为G;
B:将样品挂在弹簧测力计下,使样品浸没在水中丙保持静止(样品为接触到容器底部)读出弹簧测力计的示数F1;
C:样品的密度表达式为ρ样品= ρ水(用G、F、ρ水表示)
【考点】2M:固体的密度测量实验.
【分析】(1)天平使用前的调节:①放:把天平放到水平桌面上;②移;把游码移到标尺左端零刻线处;③调:调节平衡螺母,使指针指在分度盘的中线处;
(2)在测量质量的过程不允许调节平衡螺母;
(3)首先确定标尺每一个大格和每一个小格代表的示数,读出游码对应的刻度.根据物体的质量=砝码的质量+游码对应的刻度值.
(4)石子的体积由量筒中水的体积和放入石子后的总体积算出,最后算石子的密度.
(5)在空气中称石块重G,利用重力公式求小石块的质量;将石块浸没在水中,静止后读出弹簧测力计的示数为F,利用称重法求小石块受到的浮力;
求出了浮力,利用阿基米德原理求小石块排开水的体积(小石块的体积),再利用密度公式求小石块的密度.
【解答】解:(1)天平要放在水平台上或水平桌面上,先将游码移到标尺左端零刻线处;若指针指在分度盘的中央的左侧,应将平衡螺母向其反方向调节,故将平衡螺母向右调节.
(2)在使用天平称量物体的质量时,通过增减砝码和移动游码使天平平衡,不能再移动平衡螺母;
(3)游码对应的刻度值为4.4g,物体质量等于砝码质量加游码对应的刻度值,即m=20g+20g+5g+4.4g=49.4g.
(4)量筒中水的体积为60cm3,放入石子后的总体积为80cm3,则石子的体积V=80cm3﹣60cm3=20cm3.
则石子的密度:ρ= = =2.47g/cm3=2.47×103kg/m3;
(5)物体的重力为G,则物体的质量为:m= ;
石块所受浮力:F浮=G﹣F,
根据阿基米德原理公式F浮=ρ水gV排可知小石块的体积:
V=V排= = ,
小石块的密度:
ρ= = = ρ水.
故答案为:(1)零刻度线;右;(2)测量过程中调节平衡螺母;(3)49.4;(4)20;2.47×103;(5) ρ水.
23.某实验小组的同学们用图甲所示电路进行“探究电流与电压的关系”的实验.
(1)请根据实物图在右侧虚线框内画出对应的电路图.
(2)连接电路时,开关应该断开.
(3)闭合开关前,滑动变阻器滑片P应该位于B端(选填“A”或“B”).
(4)闭合开关,同学们发现,电流表没有示数,电压表示数接近电源电压,原因可能是电阻断路.
(5)实验中通过调节滑动变阻器滑片P,测出通过定值电阻R的不同电流和对应的电压值如表,第4次实验电流表示数如图乙所示,则此时电流表示数为0.36A,通过分析表中的数据能够得出的结论是在电阻不变时,电阻的电压与通过的电流成正比. www-2-1-cnjy-com
实验次数 1 2 3 4 5
电压U/V 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
电流I/A 0.24 0.28 0.32 0.4
(6)该小组的同学们利用电源、开关、最大阻值为R0的滑动变阻器、电流表、导线按如图丙所示电路测定待测电阻Rx的阻值,他们进行如下操作:
A:闭合开关,将滑动变阻器滑片P滑至a端,读出电流表示数为I1;
B:将滑动变阻器滑片P滑至b端,读出电流表示数为I2;
C:待测电阻Rx的阻值的表达式为Rx= R0(用I1、I2、R0表示)
【考点】IL:探究电流与电压、电阻的关系实验.
【分析】(1)根据实物图画出对应的电路图;
(2)(3)为保护电路,连接电路时,开关应该断开,滑动变阻器滑片P应该位于阻值最大处;
(4)若电流表示数为0,说明电路可能断路;电压表示数接近电源电压,说明电压表与电源连通,则与电压表并联的支路以外的电路是完好的,则与电压表并联的电阻断路了;
(5)根据图中电流表小量程读数,分析表中数据得出结论;
(6)题中给出了一个定值电阻R0和一只电流表,要测量未知电阻Rx的阻值,可分别将变阻器连入电路中的电阻为0和最大值,分别记对应的电流,根据串联电阻的规律和欧姆定律,由电源电压不变得出Rx的阻值.
【解答】解:(1)根据实物图画出对应的电路图,如下所示:
(2)连接电路时,开关应该断开.
(3)闭合开关前,滑动变阻器滑片P应该位于阻值最大处即B端.
(4)经分析,闭合开关,同学们发现,电流表没有示数,电压表示数接近电源电压,原因可能是电阻断路.
(5)第4次实验电流表示数如图乙所示,图中电流表选用小量程,分度值为0.02A.则此时电流表示数为0.36A,通过分析表中的数据可发现:电压与电流的比值R= =﹣﹣﹣ =5Ω,即电压与对应的电流之比为定值上,即能够得出的结论:在电阻不变时,电阻的电压与通过的电流成正比;
(6)实验步骤:
A:闭合开关,将滑动变阻器滑片P滑至a端,读出电流表示数为I1;
B:将滑动变阻器滑片P滑至b端,读出电流表示数为I2;
C:在A中,电路中只有待测电阻Rx,根据欧姆定律的变形公式,电源电压U=I1×Rx,﹣﹣﹣﹣①
在B中,根据串联电路电阻的规律和欧姆定律,电源电压U=I2×(Rx+R0)﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣②
由①②得:Rx= R0.
故答案为:(1)见上图;(2)断开;(3)B;(4)电阻断路;(5)0.36;在电阻不变时,电阻的电压与通过的电流成正比;(6) R0.
河南省已经开始备考2018中考了,历史试卷是很好的复习资料。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018河南省中考历史试卷真题,希望对大家有帮助!
(共5小题,30分)
21.(5分)阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一
材料二
(1)材料一和材料二反映的两种古代文明有什么不同?并说明造成这种不同的主要因素。(3分)
(2)综上所述,并结合所学知识,指出世界古代文明呈现出的主要特征。面对不同文明,我们应该持怎样的态度?(2分)
22.(7分)阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一 鸦片战争前,中国的交通工具主要是轿子、马车和帆船等。鸦片战争后,轮船、火车等新式交通工具逐渐传入。
材料二 1865年,英商在北京铺设了半公里的窄轨铁路,并试行小火车。这一举动引起京城市民的惊诧和猜疑,视其为怪物。窄轨铁路很快被清政府责令拆除。甲午战争后,清政府修筑了芦汉、沪宁、津浦铁路,形成近代中国第一个筑路高潮。到1911年,全国铁路总长9292千米。
(1)材料一中交通工具的动力在鸦片战争前后发生了什么变化? (2分)
(2)据材料二,对于火车的引入,近代中国人的态度发生了怎样的转变?结合所学知识,分析这种转变的原因。U分)
(3)结合上述材料,谈谈交通工具在中国近代社会发展中的作用。(1分)
23.(7分)阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一
时间 历史事件
1949年10月 中华人民共和国成立
1950年10月 抗美援朝 战争开始
1953年底 周恩来首次提出和平共处五项原则
1957年底 我国第一个五年计划超额完成
1961 年 美国发动越南战争
1971年10月 中国恢复联合国合法席位
1972年2月 尼克松访华
1972年9月 中日建交
材料二 进入新时期,中国更加积极地活跃在国际舞台上。1981年以来,我国积极参加国际维和行动。2001年,亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议在上海成功召开。同年,中国加入世界贸易组织。2008年北京奥运会、2010年上海世博会,让全世界的目光聚焦中国。到2011年,中国已同171个国家建交。到2012年,中国已在105个国 家和地区开设了350多所孔子学院。2013年,中国提出“一带一路”的发展战略。中国在世界舞台上所扮演的角色,必将对21世纪的世界产生深远的影响。
(1)请从材料一中任意选取三个有关联的历史事件,通过设计示意图的形式将其关系展示出来,并说明设计理由。(4分)
(2)据材料二,并结合所学知识,概括指出新时期我国在国际舞台上发挥的作用。(2 分)
(3)综上所述,你得到了哪些关于国家发展对外关系的认识?(1分)
24.(6分)19世纪60年代,俄国和美国在近代化的道路上,面临着相似的问题,它们以不同的姿态向前迈出了重要的一步。阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一 1860 年的美国,人口只有俄国的40%,其城市人口却比俄国多一位;年产铁83万吨(俄国处产35万吨),消耗现代燃料的能源是俄国的15位,铁路长度是俄国的30位。
材料二 1861以后,俄国外出谋生的农民数量逐渐增多。19世纪90年代末,俄国矿山和铁路等部门的工人人数增加到179.2万人。这些为俄国资本主义的发展提供了必要的条件。
材料三 美国南北战争开始时,南方人口900万,其 中黑奴占400万。《解放黑人奴
隶宣言》成为战争的—个重大转折,等于把南方的数百万黑人奴隶变成了北方的同盟军。这场战争,不仅使黑奴成为自由人,而且维护了国家统一,为美国资本主 义的发展进一步扫除了障碍。
(1)材料一反映了1860年俄国和美国的近代化过程中存在哪些不同?(2分)
(2)据材料二、三,并结合所学知识,19世纪60年代,俄国和美国推进近代化的方式有何不同?不同的方式为资本主义经济的发展提供了哪些相同的条件?(3分)
(3)综上所述,依据俄美的近代化历程,写出你汲取到的关于社会发展的一条经验。(1分)
25.(5)请对比下面图片反映的历史信息,并结合所学知识,写一篇80-120字的小短文。(要求:题目自拟,史实正确,语句通顺,表述完整,体现两幅图片反映内容的比较。)
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河南省的中考历史试卷是很好的复习策略,中考的备考要记得做历史试卷。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于河南省中考历史试卷答案解析,希望对大家有帮助!
(共5小题,满分30分)
21.(5分)材料一
材料二
(1)材料一和材料二反映的两种古代文明有什么不同?并说明造成这种不同的主要因素。
(2)综上所述,并结合所学知识,指出世界古代文明呈现出的主要特征。面对不同文明,我们应该持怎样的态度?
22.(7分)阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一 鸦片战争前,中国的交通工具主要是轿子、马车和帆船等。鸦片战争后,轮船、火车等新式交通工具逐渐传入。
材料二 1865年,英商在北京铺设了半公里的窄轨铁路,并试行小火车。这一举动引起京城市民的惊诧和猜疑,视其为怪物。窄轨铁路很快被清政府责令拆除。甲午战争后,清政府修筑了芦汉、沪宁、津浦铁路,形成近代中国第一个筑路高潮。到1911年,全国铁路总长9292千米。
(1)材料一中交通工具的动力在鸦片战争前后发生了什么变化?
(2)据材料二,对于火车的引入,近代中国人的态度发生了怎样的转变?结合所学知识,分析这种转变的原因。
(3)结合上述材料,谈谈交通工具在中国近代社会发展中的作用。
23.(7分)阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一
时间 历史事件
1949年10月 中华人民共和国成立
1950年10月 抗美援朝战争开始
1953年底 周恩来首次提出和平共处五项原则
1957年底 我国第一个五年计划超额完成
1961年 美国发动越南战争
1971年10月 中国恢复联合国合法席位
1972年2月 尼克松访华
1972年9月 中日建交
材料二 进入新时期,中国更加积极地活跃在国际舞台上。1981年以来,我国积极参加国际维和行动。2001年,亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议在上海成功召开。同年,中国加入世界贸易组织。200年北京奥运会、2010年上海世博会,让全世界的目光聚焦中国。到2011年,中国已同171个国家建交。到2012年,中国已在105个国家和地区开设了350多所孔子学院。2013年,中国提出“一带一路”的发展战略。中国在世界舞台上所扮演的角色,必将对21世纪的世界产生深远的影响。
(1)请从材料一中任意选取三个有关联的历史事件,通过设计示意图的形式将其关系展示出来,并说明设计理由。
(2)据材料二,并结合所学知识,概括指出新时期我国在国际舞台上发挥的作用。
(3)综上所述,你得到了哪些关于国家发展对外关系的认识?
24.(6分)19世纪60年代,俄国和美国在近代化的道路上,面临着相似的问题,它们却以不同的姿态向前迈出了重要的一步。阅读下列材料,回答问题:
材料一 1860年的美国,人口只有俄国的40%,其城市人口却比俄国多一倍;年产铁83万吨(俄国年产35万吨);消耗现代燃料的能源是俄国的15倍,铁路长度是俄国的30倍。
材料二 1861年后,俄国外出谋生的农民数量逐渐增多。19世纪90年代末,俄国矿山和铁路等部门的工人人数增加到279.2万人。这些为俄国资本主义的发展提供了必要的条件。
材料三 美国南北战争开始时,南方人口900万,其中黑奴占400万。《解放黑人奴隶宣言》成为战争的一个重大转折点,等于把南方的数百万黑人奴隶变成了北方的同盟军。这场战争,不仅使黑奴成为自由人,而且维护了国家统一,为美国资本主义的发展进一步扫除了障碍。
(1)材料一反映了1860年俄国和美国的近代化过程中存在哪些不同?
(2)据材料二、三,并结合所学知识,19世纪60年代,俄国和美国推进近代化的方式有何不同?不同的方式为资本主义经济的发展提供了哪些相同的条件?
(3)综上所述,依据俄美的近代化历程,写出你汲取到的关于社会发展的一条经验。
25.(5分)请对比下面图片反映的历史信息,并结合所学知识,写一篇80﹣120字的小短文。(要求:题目自拟,史实正确,语句通顺,表述完整,体现两幅图片反映内容的比较).
2018年的中考即将到来,历史科目的试卷大家都做的怎么样了?下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年中考历史试卷答案解析,希望对大家有帮助!
二、解答题
21.统一是中国历史发展的主流和必然趋势。阅读下列材料,回答问题。
材料一 在黄河南北的大平原进行了一次历史性的大扫除,使封建领主制留下来的残余一扫而光,然后在六国的废墟上建立起新兴起地主阶级专政的封建专制主义国家。
﹣翦伯赞《中国史十五讲》
材料二
材料三 在清朝的辽阔的领土上,生活着汉、满、蒙、回、藏等五十个少数民族。清朝在边疆地区分社机构,进行有效的管辖……使我国统一多民族国家得到了进一步巩固。
﹣节选自人教版《中国历史》七下教材
材料四 香港回归祖国二十周年,是件值得全体炎黄子孙热烈庆祝的大事,它是迈向祖国全面统一的重要步骤,又是用新思维以和平方式圆满解决领土问题的一个范例。
﹣节选自紫荆网
(1)材料一中的“封建领主制”是我国古代什么政治制度?“在六国的废墟上建立的封建专制主义国家”指哪一政权?
(2)材料二反映了汉武帝巩固“大一统”的什么措施?
(3)据材料三结合所学知识指出清朝在边疆地区加强管辖设置的机构(两例)。
(4)据材料四结合所学知识写出香港回归的时间。材料中“以和平方式圆满解决领土问题”的“新思维”指什么政策?香港回归有何意义?
22.材料一 (古代)中国向外界开放的很少,倾向于主要靠自己的资源生存。事实上,它只有两个大出口,一个是海洋,一个是沙漠。
﹣费尔南?布罗代尔《文明史》
材料二 间年外城有人来,宁可求全关不开。
﹣节选至《乾隆御制诗》
材料三 中国崛起是一个“进行”时,从1949年至1978年用了30年时间,进入“崛起准备期”,再从1979年至2020年用40年时间,真正进入了“崛起起飞期”。
﹣《大国治理》
材料四 《对外开放地区示意图》(如图)
阅读材料,回答问题
(1)据材料一结合所学知识指出古代中国的两个出口“沙漠”和“海洋”分别指什么?
(2)材料二反映了清朝实行的什么政策?
(3)据材料三结合所学知识指出中国从“崛起准备期”到“崛起起飞期”的转折性事件是什么?并说明理由。
(4)完成材料四A和B两处内容。结合所学知识归纳我国对外开放格局的特点。
23.材料一 1763~1914年这一时期是欧洲直接或间接成为全球主人的时期。欧洲的霸权不仅表现在政治领域﹣以大殖民帝国的形式,而且在经济和文化领域也表现得很明显。
﹣斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》
材料二 第二次世界大战期间所遭受的损失与接踵而来的“冷战”的压力一起迫使西欧依靠美国,东欧依赖苏联。
﹣斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》
材料三 在西方国家中,法国总统高乐首先向美国的领导地位发起挑战。他主张欧洲应该是“欧洲人的欧洲”,主张欧洲联合起来,摆脱美国的控制。
﹣节选自人教版高中历史必修Ⅰ教材
材料四
根据材料,回答问题:
(1)根据材料一指出“欧洲的霸权”在政治方面的表现。这一时期欧洲在经济领域的霸权主要是因为生产领域的两次变革,这两次变革指什么?
(2)据材料二分析“西欧依靠美国”的原因。结合所学知识指出二战后“西欧依靠美国”、“东欧依赖苏联”形成了什么世界格局?
(3)据材料三指出欧洲联合的目的。结合所学知识指出20世纪60年代欧洲联合的标志,并分析欧洲联合的影响。
(4)你认为漫画四所反映的事件对欧洲一体化会产生什么影响。
2018年的山东中考已开始新的一轮复习,地理想要学得好,地理试卷就不能少做。下面由百文网小编为大家提供关于2018年山东中考地理试卷答案解析,希望对大家有帮助!
(共30分)
21.读我国某地区等高线地形图(单位:m),回答下列问题.
(1)写出图中字母所代表的地形部位名称:A鞍部、D陡崖.
(2)甲、乙两聚落实际距离为2km,图上距离为2.5cm,则该图比例尺为1:80000.
(3)图中F所在地区有森林分布,如果位于山东半岛则森林种类为暖温带落叶阔叶林;该森林被破坏可能给本地区带来的环境问题是水土流失加剧,河流含沙量增加.
【考点】29:等高线地形图的判读.
【分析】在等高线地形图上,等高线闭合且等高线数值中间高四周低则为山顶;两山顶之间相对低洼的部位为鞍部;等高线闭合且等高线数值中间低四周高则为盆地;等高线向海拔低处凸为山脊;等高线向海拔高处凸为山谷;几条海拔高度不同的等高线重合的部位是陡崖.等高线稀疏,坡度平缓;等高线密集,坡度较陡.
【解答】解:读图可知,(1)图中字母A处位于两山顶之间相对低洼的部位,为鞍部;D处是几条海拔高度不同的等高线重合的部位,是陡崖.
(2)甲、乙两聚落实际距离为2km,图上距离为2.5cm,则该图比例尺为2.5cm÷2km=2.5÷200000=1:80000.
(3)图中F所在地区有森林分布,山东半岛属于温带季风气候,则森林种类为暖温带落叶阔叶林;该森林被破坏可能给本地区带来水土流失加剧,河流含沙量增等环境问题.
故答案为:
(1)鞍部;陡崖;
(2)1:80000;
(3)暖温带落叶阔叶林;水土流失加剧,河流含沙量增加.
22.阅读图文材料,回答下列问题.
材料一 2017年1月1日凌晨,中欧班列(义乌一伦敦),从浙江义乌铁路口岸启程,途经哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、波兰、德国、比利时、法国等国家,穿越英吉利海峡隧道,最终抵达伦敦,全程12451km.
材料二俄罗斯铁路分布图、欧洲西部简图
(1)图中A代表的城市是莫斯科.
(2)据图描述俄罗斯铁路线的分布特点.
(3)中欧班列穿过了B河,它是著名的国际河流,内河航运发达.请从地形、气候两方面归纳该河流航运价值高的原因.
(4)中欧班列途经法国,该国南部地区分布着大面积的油橄榄、无花果等木本耐旱经济作物.试从气候方面分析原因.
(5)该线路起止点所在地区人们饮食习惯明显不同.请你写出两地餐桌上的主食义乌主食是大米,伦敦主食是牛羊肉、奶油、奶酪.
【考点】71:世界上的国家和地区概况.
【分析】地球是人类唯一的家园.目前,全世界人口已超过70亿,分别居住在220多个国家和地区.
【解答】解:(1)图中A莫斯科位于东欧平原,既是俄罗斯最大的城市和综合性工业中心,也是俄罗斯的政治、文化和交通中心.
(2)俄罗斯铁路、公路、航空、水运以及管道运输都很发达.交通运输以铁路和公路为主.铁路以莫斯科为中心呈放射状分布,欧洲部分较为密集.西伯利亚大铁路横贯亚欧大陆,被称为亚欧大陆桥.
(3)图中B莱茵河是欧洲著名的国际河流,内河航运发达,具有很高的航运价值,主要原因有:它主要流经平原区;降水充沛,水量丰富,而且冬季河流不结冰等.
(4)法国南部地中海沿岸地区,夏季气温高,降水少.在植物生长旺盛的季节,光照非常充足.因此,这里种植的葡萄、油橄榄、无花果等质地优良,糖分含量较高.
(5)我国浙江义乌位于秦岭、淮河以南,热量高,降水丰沛,以水田为主,主要粮食作物是水稻,主食是大米;伦敦位于欧洲西部,由于欧洲西部位于中纬度大陆西岸,地形以平原为主,地势平坦开阔.气候以温带海洋性气候为主,常年受到来自海洋的西风影响,冬无严寒,夏无酷暑,一年内降水均匀,有利于多汁牧草的生长,人们将牧草视为“绿色的金子”,畜牧业发达,餐桌上多牛羊肉,居民餐桌上常见牛羊肉、奶油、奶酪等食品.
故答案为:
(1)莫斯科;
(2)铁路以莫斯科为中心呈放射状分布,欧洲部分较为密集;
(3)主要流经平原区,水流平稳.降水充沛,水量丰富,冬季河流不结冰;
(4)地中海气候区夏季气温高,降水少,雨热不同期,适合耐旱作物的生长;
(5)义乌主食是大米,伦敦主食是牛羊肉、奶油、奶酪.
23.阅读图文材料,回答下列问题.
材料一 21世纪海上丝绸之路通过环渤海、长三角、海峡西岸、珠三角等地区的港口、滨海地带和岛屿共同连接太平洋、印度洋等沿岸国家或地区.
材料二 印度、东南亚、非洲及马赛人游牧路线图
(1)对比三地区图,可知它们纬度位置的共同点:都有北回归线穿过,绝大部分位于低纬度地区,以热带为主.
(2)据图可知印度的工业分布特点靠近原料地,麻纺织工业城市③加尔各答(填数字及名称).
(3)图中A区域地形分布特点山河相间,纵列分布.
(4)马赛人是东非高原的游牧民族,他们过着逐水草而居的游牧生活.每年5月一10月,马赛人由多多马向基塔莱游牧,试解释其原因.
【考点】AF:印度的工业及分布;1F:用经纬网确定方向和任意地点的位置;71:世界上的国家和地区概况;99:东南亚的自然地理特征;BE:非洲热带草原气候和热带雨林气候的特征.
【分析】印度是南亚次大陆最大国家,东北部同中国、尼泊尔、不丹接壤,孟加拉国夹在东北部国土之间,东部与缅甸为邻,东南部与斯里兰卡隔海相望,西北部与巴基斯坦交界,东临孟加拉湾,西濒阿拉伯海.非洲位于亚洲的西南面、东半球的西南部,地跨赤道南北.东濒印度洋,西临大西洋,北隔地中海与欧洲相望,东北隅以狭长的红海与苏伊士运河紧邻亚洲.东南亚包括中南半岛和马来群岛的大部分,地处亚洲与大洋洲、太平洋与印度洋的“十字路口”的位置,地理位置非常重要.
【解答】解:读图分析可知:
(1)对比三地区图可以看出,它们纬度位置的共同点是都有北回归线穿过,绝大部分位于低纬度地区,以热带为主.
(2)印度工业分布特点是靠近原料产地,比如:麻纺织工业中心③加尔各答附近盛产黄麻,棉纺织工业中心孟买附近盛产棉花等.
(3)图中A为中南半岛,该地区地形分布特点是山河相间,纵列分布.
(4)多多马为热带草原气候,全年高温,分干湿两季;5~10月,是基塔莱的湿季,降水较多,牧草旺盛;11月~次年4月,是多多马的湿季,降水较多,树绿草茂,马赛人总是逐水草而居.因此,每年5月一10月,马赛人由多多马向基塔莱游牧.
故答案为:(1)都有北回归线穿过,绝大部分位于低纬度地区,以热带为主;(2)靠近原料地;③加尔各答;(3)山河相间,纵列分布;(4)多多马为热带草原气候,全年高温,分干湿两季;5~10月,是基塔莱的湿季,降水较多,牧草旺盛;11月~次年4月,是多多马的湿季,降水较多,树绿草茂,马赛人总是逐水草而居.
24.阅读图文资料,回答下列问题.
材料一 三江平原和三江源地区水草丰美,湿地面积广大,野生动植物种群繁多,被称为生态的净土.
材料二 东北地区、三江源自然保护区图
(1)“我的家乡在东北松花江上,那里有森林煤矿,还有那漫山遍野的大豆高粱…”歌曲中描述的河流是图中的M河.(填字母)
(2)东北地区气候冷湿,冬季的东北,呈现出“千里冰封,万里雪飘”的冰雪世界.试分析该地区冬季寒冷的原因.
(3)说明三江源所在区域拥有丰富太阳能资源的原因.
(1)简述图中②工业基地形成的有利条件.(至少答出三点)
(5)为保护生态环境,国家分别设立了①三江自然保护区和③三江源自然保护区,当前它们共同面临的生态环境问题是湿地减少、生物多样性减少等.
【考点】S1:北方与南方的自然差异;S4:北方的自然地理特征;T9:青藏地区的自然地理特征.
【分析】东北地区位于中国东北部,地处东北亚的核心位置,东、北两面与朝鲜及俄罗斯为邻;西接内蒙古自治区;南连河北省,与山东半岛隔海相望,战略地位十分重要.
【解答】解:(1)图中的M河是松花江.
(2)东北地区是我国纬度位置最高的区域,同时又紧邻亚洲北部寒冷的冬季风源地,所以冬季的东北,呈现出“千里冰封,万里雪飘”的冰雪世界.
(3)三江源所在区域拥有丰富太阳能资源的原因是海拔高,空气稀薄,太阳辐射强,日照强.
(1)图中②工业基地形成的有利条件是煤铁资源丰富,交通便利,工业历史悠久,市场广阔.
(5)为保护生态环境,国家分别设立了①三江自然保护区和③三江源自然保护区,当前它们共同面临的生态环境问题是 湿地减少、生物多样性减少等
故答案为:(1)M;(2)这里是我国纬度位置最高的区域,同时又紧邻亚洲北部寒冷的冬季风源地;(3)海拔高,空气稀薄,太阳辐射强,日照强;(4)煤铁资源丰富,交通便利,工业历史悠久,市场广阔;(5)湿地减少,生物多样性减少等问题.
25.阅读图文资料,回答下列问题
材料一 中国南海幅员辽阔,拥有300km2的浩瀚海域,在南海散布着大小200多个岛屿礁滩,统称为南海诸岛.南海与南海诸岛地理位置非常重要,是我国神圣领土不可分割的 一部分.
材料二 珠江三角洲、台湾省、中国南海图
(1)填出图中字母代表的地理事物名称.
岛屿:C钓鱼岛;海峡:D琼州海峡.
(2)随着陆地自然资源日益匮乏,人地矛盾日益尖锐,海洋资源成为我国经济社会可持续 发展的重要后备资源.试列举南海海域拥有的海洋资源种类(至少三种).
(3)分析A河流汛期长的原因.
(4)珠江三角洲与B地区以前店后厂的方式进行合作.
(5)台湾自古以来就是中国的神圣领土.据图描述台湾的海陆位置:台湾省位于我国东南海域,主体是台湾岛,台湾东临太平洋,西隔台湾海峡与福建省相望,北临东海,南临南海.
【考点】PA:珠江三角洲工业基地的位置和特点;T1:台湾省的地理位置和地域组成.
【分析】台湾省位于我国东南海域,主体是台湾岛,此外,还有周围的澎湖列岛、钓鱼岛等200多个岛屿,其中台湾岛是我国最大的岛屿;台湾西隔台湾海峡与福建省相望,临东海和南海,而且台湾岛东海岸直接面向太平洋.港澳地区与珠江三角洲地区的经济合作以“前店后厂”为基本模式.港澳地区利用海外贸易窗口优势,承接海外订单,从事制造和开发新产品、新工艺,供应原材料、原器件,控制产品质量,进行市场推广和对外销售,扮演“店”的角色.珠江三角洲地区则利用土地、自然资源和劳动力优势,进行产品的加工、制造和装配,扮演“厂”的角色.港澳在前,珠江三角洲在后,彼此紧密合作,因而被形象地称为“前店后厂”.
【解答】解:读图分析可知:
(1)图中字母代表的地理事物名称:C钓鱼岛,D琼州海峡.
(2)南海海域拥有的海洋资源种类:南海其深水海域除蕴藏极为丰富的石油、天然气资源外,南海海底蕴藏的稀有矿产资源也十分丰富,还有丰富的海洋渔业资源.
(3)珠江位于我国东南沿海,此地降水最丰富,持续时间最长,导致珠江成为我国汛期最长的河流.
(4)“前店后厂”是珠江三角洲地区与港澳地区经济合作中地域分工与合作的独特模式,其中“前店”指港澳地区,“后厂”指珠江三角洲地区.
(5)台湾的海陆位置:台湾省位于我国东南海域,主体是台湾岛,台湾东临太平洋,西隔台湾海峡与福建省相望,北临东海,南临南海.
故答案为:
(1)钓鱼岛;琼州海峡;
(2)石油、天然气、稀有矿产;
(3)位于我国东南沿海,此地降水最丰富,持续时间最长;
(4)前店后厂;
(5)台湾省位于我国东南海域,主体是台湾岛,台湾东临太平洋,西隔台湾海峡与福建省相望,北临东海,南临南海.
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